马鞍列岛之花鸟山岛苔藓植物区系成分研究

通过对采集的759份苔藓植物标本进行鉴定,首次报道了花鸟山岛苔藓植物种类组成,区系地理成分及特点.研究结果表明:1)花鸟山岛共有苔藓植物103种,其中苔类植物8种,隶属于4科5属,藓类植物95种,隶属于22科41属;2)花鸟山岛中丛藓科(Pottiaceae)为第一大科,有9属18种;真藓属(Bryum)为第一大属,有10种;3)花鸟山岛中苔藓植物区系成分是以东亚成分为主(占总种数的36.96%),温带成分次之(占总种数的35.87%),热带成分再次之(占总种数的20.65%);4)花鸟山岛苔藓植物生态分布类型复杂多样,以土生类型(占总标本数的61.92%)最多,石面薄土(占总标本数的12.87%)和砂土生(占总标本数的7.77%)、石土生(占总标本数的7.25%)、石生(占总标本数的7.11%)次之,树生(占总标本数的1.84%)和墙面薄土生(占总标本数的1.32%)再次之.     

山西历山自然保护区苔藓植物的后续研究

继2003年钟海秀对历山自然保护区苔藓植物作研究之后,本文再次对该区苔藓植物进行了采集鉴定,结果表明历山自然保护区有苔藓植物共计21科35属45种.与钟海秀的研究有10科24属42种不同,其中1科2属2种为山西省新纪录.区系成分以北温带成分为主,占总数的62.16%,温带亚洲成分次之,占16.22%.热带亚洲、旧世界热带等成分的少量存在,又反映了本区苔藓植物区系的热带残遗性和古老性,说明历山自然保护区苔藓植物区系成分具有由亚热带向暖温带过渡的明显特点.     

黄石地区苔藓植物区系研究

对黄石地区苔鲜植物初步的区系成分分析表明,该地区苔藓植物主要以北温带成分为主,共计10种,占总种数的40%;其次是东亚成分,共计有6种,占总种数的24%;各类热带成分共有6种,占总种数的24%.区系属于泛北极植物区,中国-日本亚区,具有从亚热带向暖温带过渡的特征。     

新疆吉木萨尔县国家森林公园苔藓植物多样性研究

通过鉴定采集于1993-2019年的951余份标本和文献查询，对吉木萨尔县国家森林公园苔藓植物多样性进行了研究，分析了该区域苔藓植物区系地理成分及特点.结果表明：1)吉木萨尔县国家森林公园共有苔藓植物43科、89属、230种，包括苔类植物门17科、23属、46种和藓类植物门26科、66属、184种，其中重新确定了曾有文献记载但缺少图文描述的宽齿显孔藓(Lewinskya vladikavkana)和摩拉维采木灵藓(Orthotrichum moravicum)两个种.2)优势科有8科，含40属133种，占总科数的18.60%和总种数的57.83%;优势属共5属，包含60种，占该区苔藓植物总种数的26.09%;单种科14个，占总科数的32.56%;单种属46个，占总属的51.69%.3)该地区苔藓植物区系成分主要以北温带分布成分为主，占总种数的64.60%.4)本区苔藓植物植被带可分为山地草原带(1 100～1 655 m)、山地森林带(1 655～2 700 m)、亚高山草原带(2 700～2 900 m)、高山草原带(2 900～3 200 m)和高山垫状植被带(3 200～3 90...     

甘肃崆峒山种子植物多样性分析

崆峒山植物区系有种子植物 680种 ,隶属于 3 4 5属 88科 .种子植物区系成分在属和种的水平上均以温带成分占绝对优势 .中国特有分布在种的水平上明显比在属的水平上多 .分析Raunkiaer生活型组成 ,地面芽植物以 196种 ,占总种数的 2 8 82 %而居首位 ;Drude生活型组成以草本植物为主 ,共 4 82种 ,占总种数的 70 87% .在水分生态类型中 ,中生植物共 5 4 4种 ,占总种数的 80 0 0 % ,而水生植物仅有 3种 ,占总种数的 0 4 4 % .根据经济用途的不同 ,把植物资源分为 9类 .分析结果表明 ,崆峒山种子植物的多样性丰富     

鄂东大别山生物多样性研究

对鄂东大别山区的生物多样性进行了研究.目前已知该区有维管植物195科663属1 461种,占湖北省总种数的24.27%和全国总种数的5.25%,属国家特有、珍稀濒危或重点保护的植物有34种,有苔藓植物30科64属143种.已知该区有陆生脊椎动物26目65科208种,占湖北省总种数的31.04%和全国总种数的8.09%,其中有27种国家重点保护野生动物和61种湖北省级重点保护动物.该区自然植被类型有10个植被型,52个群系.该区不仅动植物区系成分多样性复杂,而且经济类型多样.     

赣南师范学院黄金校区木本植物多样性特点分析

赣南师范学院黄金校区木本植物种类丰富,有70科150属237种。根据各科所含种数统计,划分为4个等级:大型科(≥20种)、小型科(10～19种)、寡种科(2～9种)、单种科(1种),校园木本植物中寡种科所占比例最高,单种科次之,分别占总科数的57.1%和35.7%。各属所含种数进行统计,将其分为3个等级:多种属(≥6种)、寡种属(2～5种)、单种属(1种),单种属所占比例最高,寡种属次之,分别占总属数的64.3%和33.3%。从长势看,以蔷薇科Rosaceae、棕榈科Palmae、桑科Moraceae、榕属Ficus、含笑属Michelia等类群所含种类多且生长较好,是校园栽培最成功的类群。另外,本校区木本植物区系地理成分复杂,热带性质显著,热带成分共79属,占总属数的52.8%;间断成分有32属,占总属数的22.1%。中国特有分布植物有8属,比例较低,仅占该类型中国特有属数的3.1%。热带、亚热带成分在校园生长较好,少部分东亚成分和温带成分在校园表现出较适应的生长势。     

安徽齐云山种子植物区系初步分析

齐云山有种子植物948种(含种以下单位)，隶属于125科，466属，其中裸子植物4科，9属，13种；双子叶植物104科，367属，752种；单子叶植物17科，90属，183种。在齐云山种子植物属的区系成分含有14分布区型类型和11变型。突出特征是温带成分占170属，热带成分占165属，除去世界分布属，两者所占比例80．3％，说明本区植物区系主要由温带成分和热带成分组成。世界分布种有195种，占总种数20．5％，特有属有12个。     

北庭故城遗址区种子植物区系研究

文章通过野外调查，采集植物标本和查阅相关文献资料，对北庭故城遗址区及临近区域种子植物区系进行分析。结果表明：北庭故城遗址区及临近区域共有种子植物122种，隶属于105属37科。科的组成中，属和种都是以单属科和单种科为主体；属的组成中，单种属和寡种属构成属的结构主体。Drude生活型中以草本植物为主，共102种，占总种数的83．60％。在水分生态类型中，以中生植物和旱生植物为主，其中中生植物共73种，占总种数的59．84％；旱生植物33种，占总种数的27．04％。种子植物区系成分在科的水平上以世界分布为主；属的分布区类型中，温带成分占绝对优势，其中北温带分布属是植物区系的核心。在区域气候环境的长期影响下，植物区系表现出典型的温带性质，没有中国特有分布科属。     

定南离子型稀土矿区苔藓植物多样性研究

基于生境属性和典型调查法，开展了定南稀土矿区苔藓植物分布的特征与下覆土壤理化性质的相关性研究。结果表明，定南稀土矿区有苔藓植物9科15属15种。其中苔藓植物物种多样性最高的生境为稀土尾矿堆场区长有五节芒植物群落的地块。苔藓植物的优势科有4科，为曲尾藓科（Dicranaceae）、金发藓科（Polytrichaceae）、丛藓科（Pottiaceae）、葫芦藓科（Funariaceae），占总科数的40.0%，含有9属10种，占定南稀土矿区苔藓植物总属数的60.0%，占总种数的 66.7%。苔藓植物的优势属为拟金发藓属，包含2种，占总种数的百分比为 13.3%。相似性指数最大为路边五节芒样地和沟渠石壁样地。对苔藓植物群落盖度与土壤理化性质的相关性分析表明，土壤有机质、全氮、全磷含量对苔藓植物的分布都有显著影响。研究结果可为掌握赣南稀土矿区苔藓分布特征、苔藓结皮改良土壤等方面提供基础数据支撑。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with