玫瑰花色素的提取及其稳定性研究

文章以玫瑰花为原料提取了玫瑰花红色素,并对其理化性质和稳定性进行了研究。结果表明,玫瑰花红色素用95%乙醇浸泡提取,提取率为7.3%。色素的水溶性好,对光、热、弱酸性至弱碱性介质及食品添加剂相当稳定,耐受一般的食品饮料加工条件。色素对氧化剂H2O2的耐受能力较弱,而对还原剂N aHSO3则较为稳定。玫瑰花红色素是一种提取工艺简单、性质稳定、颜色鲜艳、价廉易得、来源充足的天然色素,可用于有色糖果、食品、果汁饮料、茶饮料及酒类。     

和田玫瑰花红色素的提取及性质研究

文章介绍了和田玫瑰花红色素的提取,研究了光,温度,酸碱性,氧化剂,还原剂,防腐剂,添加剂,金属离子对和田玫瑰花红色素稳定性的影响与理化性质进行了初步研究。玫瑰花红色素的耐光性较好,耐热性很好,可做食品的着色剂,但在使用过程中应尽量避免长时间光照。添加剂对红色素的影响不大,防腐剂对红色素影响不大。Mg2 ,Ba2 ,Na ,K ,Cd2 ,Ca2 对色素的稳定性无影响,Al3 ,Cu2 ,Fe3 对色素有一定影响,在提取和保存过程中应避免使用铁器。     

唐菖蒲花红色素稳定性研究

以唐菖蒲花瓣为实验材料,研究了光、热、紫外线(365nm)、PH值、还原介质、氧化介质、蔗糖、防腐剂、金属离子等对红色素稳定性的影响.结果表明:该色素为水溶性花青苷类色素,在PH为1时耐光、耐热性较强,并具有较强的抗辐射能力,但耐还原性、氧化性较差;蔗糖、苯甲酸钠对色素稳定性有影响,金属离子K 、Na 、Ca2 、Cu2 、Zn2 对色素溶液色泽影响很小,Mg2 、A13 对唐菖蒲花红色素有增色作用,而Fe3 的加入改变了色素溶液的颜色,对色度有一定影响.研究结果表明,该红色素适用于在低糖、酸性浓缩食品中使用,是一种值得开发的天然保健色素.     

甘谷辣椒红色素稳定性研究

通过对甘谷辣椒红色素进行提取,确定了其中的4种成分,研究了色素提取的最佳条件及色素的稳定性.结果表明:该色素含有辣椒红色素、辣椒玉红素、β-胡萝卜素、辣椒碱、二氢辣椒碱5种主要成分.色素在480 nm有最大吸收峰,该色素水溶性较差,油溶性较好,在pH值4~10时色调不变,具有良好的热稳定性.温度为90℃时,色素稳定.良好的耐酸碱性,耐光性较差,连续光照48 h,色素残存率为45%,1 mg/L Na+,Ca2+、Al3+溶液对色素最大吸收峰无明显影响,1 mg/L Cu2+,Fe2+溶液使色素最大吸收峰偏移.     

蛇莓果红色素降解动力学研究

以鲜蛇莓果为原料提取其红色素,测定该色素提取液在不同光照、pH值及温度下于540nm波长的吸光度值,以此表征其稳定性,并在此基础上归纳其降解反应动力学方程.结果表明:鲜蛇莓果红色素光降解、酸降解及热降解均符合动力学一级反应规律,热反应活化能为17.98 kJ/mol,是一种较为理想的酸性食品添加剂,适用于冷加工食品着色.     

玫瑰花红色素的研究进展

本文介绍了玫瑰花红色素的性质,综述了玫瑰花红色素的提取方法及其稳定性的影响因素,并展望了玫瑰花红色素的应用前景。     

草莓红色素的提取及稳定性研究

介绍了从草莓（Strawberry）中提取红色色素的方法和条件,并对该色素的稳定性进行了研究。结果表明：该色素对光、热、氧化剂（H2O2）与还原剂（Na2SO3）及金属离子的作用稳定,适宜的pH值范围为2－8。     

鸡血李红色素稳定性的动力学研究

研究从鸡血李中提取出的红色素的稳定性及热降解动力学 结果表明 ,pH值不仅影响色素的色泽 ,同时也影响色素的降解 ,pH =5时最稳定 ;Vc ,Fe3+ ,Cu2 + 离子促进色素降解 ,而蔗糖、果糖等对色素无促进作用 色素适合酸性食品着色     

五味子红色素的提取工艺

采用pH=3的乙醇提取五味子色素, 通过单因素实验设计分别研究了提取温度、 时间、 材料与溶剂比例3种因素对五味子色素提取率的影响. 通过正交实验法, 以五味子红色素的提取率为主要指标, 对pH=3的乙醇提取五味子红色素的工艺进行优化, 确定了五味子红色素的最佳提取工艺: 以5倍量pH=3的乙醇溶液为溶剂, 75 ℃下浸提2 h. 通过对五味子红色素的红外光谱进行解析, 确定其属于吲哚类色素.     

玫瑰花红色素及其稳定性研究

本文就玫瑰花(Rosa rugosa Thumb)色素作为新型天然食用色素的可行性进行了初步研究.通过纸色谱法、紫外分光光度法、酸碱反应、氯化亚铁显色反应、盐酸——镁粉反应、中性醋酸铅沉淀反应等,初步鉴定了化学成份.对光、温度、PH值、氧化介质、还原介质、蔗糖、咸味(NaCl)、铝制品(AICl_3)、铁制品(FeCl_3)、铜制品(CuCl_2)、锡制品(SnCl_2)等对色素的影响,进行了初步探讨.结果表明,其主要成分为黄酮类化合物;对光、热耐受性好;适用PH值范围宽;耐氧化性较差,耐还原性较好;Fe~(3 )和Sn~(2 )对其吸光值有明显影响,Cu~(2 )、Al~(3 )、食盐和蔗糖则影响甚微.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

Perspherical Approaches for Electrons in Atoms and Charged Excitons in Quantum Wells

Instead of following Fock’s expansion,we solve the Schrodinger equation for some quantum mechanical manybody systems such as electrons in atoms and charged excitons in quantum wells in a similar way in hyperspherical coordinates by expanding the wave functions into orthonormal complete basis sets of the hyperspherical hannonics(HHs)of hyperangles and generalized Laguerre polynomials(GLPs)of the hyperradius.This leads the equation to     

Advances in broadband wireless communications under high-mobility scenarios

Future mobile communication systems aim at providing very high data transmission rates, even in high-mobility scenarios such as high-speed wheel-track trains, maglev trains, highway vehicles, airplanes, guided missiles or spacecraft. A particularly important commercial application is the strong and increasing worldwide demand for high- speed broadband wireless communications （up to 574.8 km/ h test speeds or 380 km/h commercial speeds） in railways, providing data, voice and video services for applications such as onboard entertainment services to passengers, train control, train dispatch, train sensor status handling and sur- veillance. In such high-mobility scenarios, there are a number of communication challenges, including fast hand- over, location updating, high-speed channel modeling, estimation and equalization, anti-Doppler spreading tech- niques, fast power control, and dedicated network architec- ture. Because signal transmission in very high-speed scenarios will inevitably experience serious deterioration, it is imperative to develop key broadband mobile communi- cation techniques for such high-speed vehicles.     

Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences TOTAL CONTENTS

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海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Scale-based spatial data model for GIS

Being the primary media of geographical information and the elementary objects manipulated, almost all of maps adopt the layer-based model to represent geographic information in the existent GIS. However, it is difficult to extend the map represented in layer-based model. Furthermore, in Web-Based GIS, It is slow to transmit the spatial data for map viewing. In this paper, for solving the questions above, we have proposed a new method for representing the spatial data. That is scale-based model. In this model we represent maps in three levels: scale-view, block, and spatial object, and organize the maps in a set of map layers, named Scale-View, which associates some given scales.Lastly, a prototype Web-Based GIS using the proposed spatial data representation is described briefly.     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to