艾蒿提取物对烟草病原菌的抑制作用

采用菌丝生长速率法、孢子萌发法和滤纸片法,对艾蒿的乙醇提取物及其萃取物做生物活性测试．结果表明：在50mg·mL。的浓度下,艾蒿乙醇提取物对烟草疫霉菌、链格孢菌的菌丝生长抑制率分别为100．00％（96h）、18．51％（168h）,对烟草链格孢菌孢子萌发抑制率为76．26％（6h）;艾蒿乙醇提取物的石油醚萃取物、乙酸乙酯萃取物对烟草疫霉菌菌丝生长抑制率分别为79．49％（120h）、87．42％（72h）．在100mg·mL。的浓度下,艾蒿乙醇提取物对烟草链格孢菌的菌丝生长抑制率、孢子萌发抑制率分别为58．84％（48h）、100％（6h）;艾蒿乙醇提取物的石油醚萃取物、氯仿萃取物、乙酸乙酯萃取物对烟草链格孢菌的菌丝生长抑制率分别为26．11％（96h）、57．17％（72h）、32．87％（48h）;艾蒿乙醇提取物的氯仿萃取物对烟草链格孢菌孢子萌发抑制率为80．05％（6h）．在50、100、200mg·mL-1的浓度下,艾蒿乙醇提取物对烟草青枯菌均无抑制作用．     

接骨木提取物对灰葡萄孢菌的离体抑菌活性研究

采用生长速率法测定了接骨木叶不同溶剂(石油醚、氯仿、乙酸乙酯、丙酮、乙醇)粗提取物对灰葡萄孢菌菌丝生长的影响.结果表明,接骨木不同溶剂提取物对灰葡萄孢菌的菌丝生长表现出抑制和促进两种作用,其中乙酸乙酯顺序提取物的抑菌效果较好,各浓度都表现出抑制作用;2 000mg/L的乙醇顺序提取物的抑菌效果最好,抑制率为29.922 2%.本试验为开发新型植物源抑菌剂提供了理论依据.     

郁金提取物对山葵墨入菌(Phoma wasabiae)的抑菌活性研究

应用生长速率法测定了用清水、95％乙醇溶液提取郁金获得的水提物、醇提物对山葵墨入菌的抑菌活性,结果表明在供试浓度为1.0×10-3 g/mL时,郁金95％乙醇热搅拌提取物对山葵墨入菌的菌丝生长表现出明显的抑制作用,其抑制率为67.08%;将其95％乙醇粗提物依次用正己烷、乙酸乙酯、甲醇萃取后测定其生物活性,结果表明郁金提取物的抑菌活性物质主要在正己烷萃取物中,在供试浓度为1.0×10-3 g/mL时,对山葵墨入菌的抑菌率达到79.70％,其EC50为0.3299×10-3 g/mL,在供试浓度为10.0×     

郁金提取物对山葵墨入菌（Phoma wasabiae）的抑菌活性研究

应用生长速率法测定了用清水、95%乙醇溶液提取郁金获得的水提物、醇提物对山葵墨入菌的抑菌活性,结果表明在供试浓度为1.0×10-3 g/mL时,郁金95%乙醇热搅拌提取物对山葵墨入菌的菌丝生长表现出明显的抑制作用,其抑制率为67.08%;将其95%乙醇粗提物依次用正己烷、乙酸乙酯、甲醇萃取后测定其生物活性,结果表明郁金提取物的抑菌活性物质主要在正己烷萃取物中,在供试浓度为1.0×10-3 g/mL时,对山葵墨入菌的抑菌率达到79.70%,其EC50为0.3299×10-3 g/mL,在供试浓度为10.0×10-3 g/mL时,郁金正己烷萃取物对墨入菌孢子萌发抑制率为97.2%.郁金正己烷萃取物对常见的植物病原真菌:小麦赤霉菌、油菜菌核菌、番茄灰霉菌均有较高的抑菌率,其EC50分别为0.2517×10-3 g/mL、0.2809×10-3 g/mL、0.1749×10-3 g/mL.     

蜜环菌液体发酵条件研究及其饮料开发

考察了各种发酵条件对蜜环菌液体发酵中菌丝生长的影响，确定了蜜环菌最适摇瓶培养条件，同时对乙醇的增菌进行了初步研究，实验表明1．0％～1．2％的乙醇溶液对蜜环菌的生长有较明显的增菌作用，利用蜜环菌发酵液加工出了保健饮料。     

海藻提取物对圆弧青霉菌丝生长的影响

以乙醇为溶剂,从11种海藻中获得乙醇提取物,采用菌饼法测定它们对圆弧青霉(Penicillium cyclopium)菌丝生长的影响.结果表明:经过48 h的培养,红藻门的3种海藻的乙醇提取物对圆弧青霉菌丝的生长均有抑制作用,其中鹿角沙菜(Hypnea cervicornis)的抑制作用最强;但在8种褐藻中只有2种有抑制作用,其余6种对圆弧青霉菌丝的生长具有促进作用,其中海带(Laminaria sp.)的促进作用最明显,48h达到28.1%.分析结果表明:菌丝的生长在12、24、48 h 3个不同时间段的相对抑制率存在极显著的正相关.对实验数据进行双因素方差分析表明:藻种和时间这两个因素对相对抑制率的影响是极显著的,但两因素的交互作用不显著.     

17种高原草地有毒植物对植物病原真菌生物活性的初步研究

采用生长速率法测定了17种高原草地有毒植物乙醇提取物对稻瘟病菌,水稻纹枯病菌,玉米大斑病菌,小麦赤霉病菌4种植物病原真菌的生物活性.结果表明,在供试浓度为5×10-3 g/mL时,高山绣线菊,香芸火绒草,车前状垂头菊,淡黄香青,黄帚橐吾,镰形棘豆,甘松等对水稻纹枯病菌,玉米大斑病菌,小麦赤霉病菌的菌丝生长表现出明显的抑制作用,其中高山绣线菊乙醇提取物对4种病原菌都表现出明显的抑制作用,其抑制率分别为100%,97.4%,95.51%,64.86%,对4种病原菌的EC50分别为0.583 ×10-3 g     

犁头草抗菌活性及其有效部位研究

本实验将犁头草全草作为研究对象,采用不同方法对犁头草全草的有效成分进行提取,评价并比较各提取物的抗菌活性。并将粗提物按照极性高低分布在石油醚、乙酸乙酯和水相中,评价不同萃取相的抗菌活性。结果显示,乙醇回流法和甲醇冷浸法获得的提取物抗菌活性明显,而水煎煮得到的提取物几乎未见抗菌活性。此外,乙酸乙酯萃取相的抗菌作用要优于石油醚相,而水萃取相抗菌活性最小。甲醇冷浸法和乙醇回流法获得的乙酸乙酯萃取组对金葡菌ATCC 33591和金葡菌ATCC 43300的抗菌活性最佳,最小抑菌浓度（MIC）值达到0.3125 mg/mL,对其他细菌的MIC值在0.3125~1.25 mg/mL之间;而其他萃取组分对金葡菌、枯草芽孢杆菌、铜绿假单胞菌以及耐药菌的MIC值大约在1.25~5 mg/mL之间。本研究确定了犁头草具有广谱的抗菌活性,尤其对耐甲氧西林金葡菌效果较好。研究发现乙醇回流与甲醇冷浸法可用于犁头草的抗菌物质提取,且它的抗菌有效部位为乙酸乙酯萃取相。     

线虫共生菌对水稻纹枯病和稻瘟病的抑菌活性

用菌块移植法初步测定了38株昆虫病原线虫共生细菌对水稻纹枯病菌和稻瘟病菌的抑菌活性,从中选出9株对纹枯病菌,7株对稻瘟病菌有较强抑菌作用的菌株,再用稀释平板法分别测定了这2组菌株的发酵液对纹枯病菌和稻瘟病菌菌丝生长、菌核或分生孢子萌发的抑制活性,筛选出对纹枯病菌和稻瘟病菌都有较强抑菌活性的YNa111和YNd173等菌株.YNa111菌株的发酵液对纹枯病菌的生长有强烈的抑菌活性,稀释40倍的发酵液24 h的抑菌率为100%,160倍时为82%.菌株YNd173的发酵液对稻瘟病菌的生长有较强的抑菌活性,稀释5倍和10倍时的抑制率分别为88%和76%.     

藏药螃蟹甲提取物体外抗菌作用研究

目的：观察藏药螃蟹甲干燥块根水、乙醇、乙醚提取物体外抗耐亚胺培南铜绿假单胞菌的抗菌活性。方法：以琼脂稀释法测定螃蟹甲干燥块根水、乙醇、乙醚提取物对33株耐亚胺培南铜绿假单胞菌及标准菌株ATCC27853、25922、25923的MIC、MIC50及MIC90,并计算其累积抑菌率。结果：螃蟹甲干燥块根水、乙醇提取物对标准菌株ATCC27853、25922、25923的MIC分别为26.04mg/ml、52.08mg/ml、13.02mg/ml;62.5mg/ml、125mg/ml、62.5mg/ml;各浓度乙醚提取物平板上均有菌生。水、乙醇提取物对33株耐亚胺培南铜绿假单胞菌的MIC50、及MIC90分别为52.08mg/ml、62.5mg/ml;104.17mg/ml、125mg/ml。结论：藏药螃蟹甲干燥块根水、乙醇提取物对耐亚胺培南铜绿假单胞菌具有明显抗菌作用;乙醚提取物无明显抗菌作用。     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.