生长调节剂对唐菖蒲茎段培养中器官分化的影响

研究了细胞分裂素和生长素对唐菖蒲器官分化的影响，结果：在MS培养基中单一的加入细胞分裂素以6BA1．0mgL^-1对唐菖蒲愈伤组织诱导和芽的增殖效果较好；生长素与细胞分裂素配合使用的效果优于只加入细胞分裂素。6BA0．5mgL^-1 NAA0．1mgL^-1可使愈伤组织诱导率达到70％，在继代培养中6BA1．0mgL^-1 NAA0．2mgL^-1可使每个转植芽增殖7．6个芽，根系诱导率以IBA0.5mgL^-1效果最好。说明生长调节剂对器官分化的促进效果与其种类和浓度有关。     

仙客来（Cyalaman persicum,Mill）组织培养中不定芽形态发生的组织细胞学研究

分别用仙客来种苗的子叶和叶柄作为外植体，培养在附加2，4－D，细胞分裂素和细胞激动素的1／2MS培养基上诱导不定芽的发生，研究了愈伤组织和不定芽形成过程中的组织细胞学变化，对两种不同外植体不定芽发生过程中的切片观察表明，两种外植体的组织脱分化始于维管束周围的维管束鞘细胞，然后开始分裂的是与其临近的薄壁细胞并能很快形成胚性分生细胞团。经30d左右的培养，进一步分化形成芽原基。子叶愈伤的芽原基通常出现在愈伤的边缘，叶柄脱分化比子叶快，不定芽可以起源于表层的分生细胞团，也可以由愈伤深处的人生组织分化而形成。     

仙客来(Cyclaman Persicum,Mill)组织培养中不定芽形态发生的组织细胞学研究

分别用仙客来种苗的子叶和叶柄作为外植体,培养在附加2,4 D、细胞分裂素和细胞激动素的1/2MS培养基上诱导不定芽的发生,研究了愈伤组织和不定芽形成过程中的组织细胞学变化.对两种不同外植体不定芽发生过程中的切片观察表明,两种外植体的组织脱分化始于维管束周围的维管束鞘细胞,随后开始分裂的是与其临近的薄壁细胞并能很快形成胚性分生细胞团.经30d左右的培养,进一步分化形成芽原基.子叶愈伤的芽原基通常出现在愈伤的边缘.叶柄脱分化比子叶快,不定芽可以起源于表层的分生细胞团,也可以由愈伤深处的分生组织分化而形成.     

新疆杨植株再生体系的建立

从培养基筛选、激素调控等方面探索建立新疆杨高效植株再生体系。结果表明，不同种类的细胞分裂素影响叶盘不定芽分化频率，其中较低浓度的TDZ(Thidiazuron)可显提高叶盘不定芽分化频率，生长素的种类与浓度对叶盘不定芽分化影响不显。较适合新疆杨不定芽分化的培养基为：1／2MS TDZ0．005mg／L BA0．25mg／L IAA0．5mg／L；壮苗培养基为：MS BA0．2mg／L IAA0．2mg／L；生根培养基为：1／2MS。在此条件下，不定芽分化频率可达100％。     

非洲紫罗兰的组织培养和植株再生

对非洲紫罗兰的组织培养研究表明,外植体消毒以0．1％的升汞溶液浸泡7～8min为宜;不同激素浓度对其芽丛的形成、分化及根的形成有不同的影响;生长素与细胞分裂素的比例决定着芽丛的形成;小苗在1／2MS培养基上生根最好,6-BA对其生根有抑制作用．各培养阶段的最适培养基分别为,芽诱导培养基MS 2mg／L 6-BA 0．2mg／L NAA,芽分化培养基MS 1mg／L 6-BA 0．1mg／L NAA,壮苗培养基MS 0．1 mg／L NAA,生根培养基1／2MS 0．2mg／L IBA。     

甜椒外植体诱导再生植株体系的建立

本研究是对甜椒的5个F1品种离体子叶和胚轴以及茎段的培养。结果表明,低浓度细胞分裂素或(和)生长素只能诱发大量愈伤组织或(和)根;高浓度BA、KT和IAA组合才能诱发不定芽。子叶分化频率可达100％,胚轴则较低。培养初期的光照,较高的温度(30～40℃)是不定芽分化的重要因素;基因型也是影响分化的重要因素;活性炭对愈伤组织和不定芽的分化有抑制作用,但对再生植株的正常生长有利。茎段在低浓度(1～2mg·L~(-1))细胞分裂素和NAA组合下,能直接诱发生根形成完整植株。     

人参多越冬芽发育的生理解析——基于HPLC-MS/MS法的内源植物激素分析

为阐明人参多越冬芽发育形成多茎的生理机制,采用HPLC-MS/MS法对两种类型人参植株在越冬芽发育过程中根茎部位主要内源激素含量进行了检测,分析了各种激素含量变化规律以及激素间相互作用对越冬芽发育数量的影响.结果表明:人参多越冬芽发育是生长素、细胞分裂素相互作用的结果,根茎中低浓度生长素、高浓度细胞分裂素有利于多越冬芽发育;越冬芽发育时活性细胞分裂素是以核苷分子形式存在的tZR、cZR、iPR;赤霉素间接参与越冬芽发育过程,脱落酸拮抗细胞分裂素,对越冬芽发育起抑制作用.根茎中高CKs/IAA值和低浓度赤霉素有利于多越冬芽发育形成多茎.     

生长调节物质对丹参叶片脱分化及根芽分化的效应

生长调节物质对丹参叶片脱分化及根芽分化效应的研究结果表明：（１）０．５～５．０ｍｇ／Ｌ２，４－Ｄ，０．１～０．５ｍｇ／ＬＮＡＡ０．５～１．５ｍｇ／ＬＩＢＡ或０．２～１．０ｍｇ／Ｌ４ＰＵ－３０诱导叶片的脱分化率高达９７％～１０００％。（２）０．１～０．５ｍｇ／ＬＮＡＡ或０．５～２．０ｍｇ／ＩＢＡ诱导芽化率为９３％～１００％，３种细胞分裂素中，４ＰＵ－３０对叶片芽化最有效，６－ＢＡ和ＫＴ次之。（３）随     

紫参和安祖花不定芽人工种子的研究

在含高浓度细胞分裂素和低浓度生长素的培养基上，紫参（Ｓａｌｖｉａｃｈｉｎｅｎｓｉｓ）和安祖花（Ａｎｔｈｕｒｉｕｍａｎｄｒａｅａｎｕｍ）均以叶片为外植体，诱导产生不定芽，但单个不定芽较难从致从致密愈伤组织上分离，这种不定芽包裹成人工种子，在１／２ＭＳ培养基上培养，分别获得７２．７％和１１．３％的萌发率，但均未成成小植株，用高浓度生长素和低浓度细胞分裂素处理（或低浓度生长素单独处理）上述带芽愈伤组织后     

不同植物生长调节物质对华黄芪愈伤组织形成及器官发生的效应

以华黄芪（ＡｓｔｒａｇａｌｕｓｃｈｉｎｅｎｓｉｓＬ．）为材料,ＭＳ为基本培养基,设计不同浓度的ＮＡＡ、２,４－Ｄ、６－ＢＡ、ＫＴ等单因子试验和不同比值的细胞分裂素／生长素组合试验,探讨植物生长调节物质对华黄芪愈伤组织形成及器官发生的效应．结果表明：在愈伤组织形成过程中,单因子试验以５．０ｍｇ／ＬＮＡＡ、０．５ｍｇ／Ｌ２,４－Ｄ、１．０ｍｇ／Ｌ６－ＢＡ、２０ｍｇ／ＬＫＴ诱导效果较好,诱导频率可达１００％,且生长势好．组合试验比单因子试验能更有效地诱导愈伤组织形成．在器官发生过程中,单独使用生长素类有不定根形成,ＮＡＡ效果较好,２,４－Ｄ次之．单独使用细胞分裂素类有不定芽的形成,６－ＢＡ效果较好,ＫＴ次之．组合试验中,细胞分裂素／生长素比值大时有利于不定芽的形成,反之则有利于不定根的形成     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences TOTAL CONTENTS

<正>~~     

Advances in broadband wireless communications under high-mobility scenarios

Future mobile communication systems aim at providing very high data transmission rates, even in high-mobility scenarios such as high-speed wheel-track trains, maglev trains, highway vehicles, airplanes, guided missiles or spacecraft. A particularly important commercial application is the strong and increasing worldwide demand for high- speed broadband wireless communications （up to 574.8 km/ h test speeds or 380 km/h commercial speeds） in railways, providing data, voice and video services for applications such as onboard entertainment services to passengers, train control, train dispatch, train sensor status handling and sur- veillance. In such high-mobility scenarios, there are a number of communication challenges, including fast hand- over, location updating, high-speed channel modeling, estimation and equalization, anti-Doppler spreading tech- niques, fast power control, and dedicated network architec- ture. Because signal transmission in very high-speed scenarios will inevitably experience serious deterioration, it is imperative to develop key broadband mobile communi- cation techniques for such high-speed vehicles.     

Perspherical Approaches for Electrons in Atoms and Charged Excitons in Quantum Wells

Instead of following Fock’s expansion,we solve the Schrodinger equation for some quantum mechanical manybody systems such as electrons in atoms and charged excitons in quantum wells in a similar way in hyperspherical coordinates by expanding the wave functions into orthonormal complete basis sets of the hyperspherical hannonics(HHs)of hyperangles and generalized Laguerre polynomials(GLPs)of the hyperradius.This leads the equation to     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Scale-based spatial data model for GIS

Being the primary media of geographical information and the elementary objects manipulated, almost all of maps adopt the layer-based model to represent geographic information in the existent GIS. However, it is difficult to extend the map represented in layer-based model. Furthermore, in Web-Based GIS, It is slow to transmit the spatial data for map viewing. In this paper, for solving the questions above, we have proposed a new method for representing the spatial data. That is scale-based model. In this model we represent maps in three levels: scale-view, block, and spatial object, and organize the maps in a set of map layers, named Scale-View, which associates some given scales.Lastly, a prototype Web-Based GIS using the proposed spatial data representation is described briefly.     

Editorial note for the special topic on ＂Nanopore Analysis＂

The concept of nanopore analysis, using the pore-forming protein a-hemolysin to detect individual nucleic acids at a single-molecule level, was first proposed in 1996. Over the past two decades, tremendous progress has been made in the nanopore field, and nanopore analysis has become a label-free and high-throughput method for probing bio- molecules and other analytes with single-molecule sensi- tivity, especially holds the promising for ＂third generation＂ DNA sequencing. However, challenges still remain in the experimental strategies and the design of whole nanopore-based instruments. Here, we proudly present a special topic dedicated to the topic of ＂Nanopore Analysis＂, with 8 reviews/articles providing up to date coverage of the experimental strategies, theoretical calcu- lations and simulations, and instrument design. Reviews and articles on the experimental strategies cover control of DNA partitioning into a nanopore, detection of target DNA, and the advantages of nanopore-based DNA sequencing. The theoretical calculations and simulations discuss the translocation behavior of DNA, and an inte- grated measurement system and data analysis software are presented for instrument design.     

Effects of climate change on biodiversity

1 Rise of studies on climate change＇s effects on biodiversity
Until the 1980s, climate change and biodiversity were studied as two independent disciplines for more than a century. In 1992, the Ecological Society of America＇s annual report named climate change, biodiversity, and the sustainable ecological system as the three major global environmental issues of the twenty-first century [1].     

Discussing the Expansive Learning in Modern Organizations

<正>1 Introduction Endeavours on learning methods have long occupied the mind spaces of scholars and there have been theories abound on how people learn and in what way organisations can use some of the knowledge gained in the art of learning to maximise human productivity.While the theories by themselves are not solutions to problems,they are steps of inquiry that provide us with interesting perspectives that we can use to extend our knowledge of the dimensions of learning.This paper is an exploratory work on the theories postulated by three notable scholars including Zimmerman