一个用于流水线模数转换器的高精度、低功耗采样保持电路

介绍了一个用于高精度模数转换器,采用 0.25μm CMOS工艺的高性能采样保持电路。该采样保持电路的采样频率为 20MHz,允许最大采样信号频率为 10MHz,在电源电压为 2.5V 的情况下,采样信号全差分幅度为 2V。通过采用全差分flip-around结构,而非传统的电荷传输构架,因而在同等精度下,大大降低了功耗。为了提高信噪比,采用自举开关。Hspice仿真结构显示：在输入信号为 5MHz 的情况下,无杂散动态范围（SFDR）为 92.4dB. 该电路将被用于一个14位 20MHz 流水线模数转换器。     

一种适于动态部分可重构的NoC结构

提出了一种适用于动态部分可重构系统的NoC结构,它的主要优点是通信效率高和可扩展性好.为适应动态部分重构,NoC不仅传输普通数据,而且传输配置位流数据.NoC将每个资源节点作为一个配置区域,在网络数据包中加入类型域以区分普通数据与配置数据,并相应地将网络接口分为普通接口与配置接口.采用ModelSim对随机均匀分布模式进行了仿真测试,得出所设计网络的最高吞吐率为0.40 flit·cycle-1·Ip-1.为了验证系统的有效性,通过在Xilinx Virtex4 xc4vsx35-10芯片上构建原型系统进行实验.结果表明,系统能在50 MHz上正常工作.     

高稳恒温石英晶体振荡器设计

通过对振荡器主振电路及控温电路的工作原理和设计思想的分析,设计了中心频率为50 MHz的小型高稳恒温石英晶体振荡器.振荡器的主振级采用皮尔斯并联电路,控温电路采用直放式连续温度控制电路,并改进了恒温槽结构,采用功率管槽内加热实现晶体的小型化.对试制样品的老化率、频率稳定度等进行了测试,得到了晶体振荡器的测试数据,与理论值相符.     

高性能的图像无损压缩知识产权核设计

为了解决海量图像数据对存储介质和有限的带宽造成的巨大压力,提出了高性能的图像无损压缩知识产权(IP)核,给出了相应的超大规模集成电路(VLSI)架构。通过对图像预处理模块进行兼容性优化,使其可以灵活处理多种规格的图像;优化离散小波变换(DWT)模块,提出了单加法器延时结构,使离散小波变换模块的最高工作频率达274MHz;IP核整体架构采用串并复用流水线设计思路,图像预处理和离散小波变换模块串行处理数据,算术编码和位平面编码模块并行处理数据,IP核内的所有模块均采用流水线设计方法,最终大幅提升IP核的吞吐率。实验结果表明,设计的IP核可直接接收光电耦合器件(CCD)相机的图像数据完成无损压缩并输出码流,该IP核在Xilinx Kintex-7KC705开发板上实现,最高工作频率达171 MHz,最大吞吐率达1 472 Mb/s,与现有图像无损压缩VLSI编码器相比,最高工作频率提升16%以上,最大吞吐率提升25%以上。     

2.6GHz高速CMOS环形振荡器设计

文章提出了一种偶数级环形振荡器的设计方案,中心频率为2.3GHz,利用起振电路使其能够快速起振,当环形振荡器的控制电压为1.2~2.0V时,其线性调谐范围为1.9~2.6GHz;电路设计采用TSMC0.18μm 1P6M混合信号生产工艺;利用Cadence Spectre RF进行仿真。结果显示,在中心频率为2.3GHz、偏移载波频率为10MHz的情况下,环形振荡器的相位噪声为-112.9dBc/Hz。该电路可用于高速锁相环的设计中。     

可配置并行HEVC去块滤波VLSI设计

提出了一种滤波单元数可配置的HEVC去块滤波器VLSI结构。通过对HEVC的去块滤波算法分析,针对滤波块间相互独立进行滤波的特性,设计了滤波单元数可配置的并行结构。该结构将滤波单元设计成基本单元,数量可调节。在提高了吞吐率和计算效率的同时,解决了VLSI设计中面积过大的问题。并设计了转置模块,有效地对数据进行调整,以提高流水线运行效率。在SMIC 0.13μm工艺库下,进行逻辑综合,滤波单元采用4个,系统总门数为59.7K。在时钟频率300MHz下,可处理3840×2160@33fps的视频序列。     

一种基于混合频率的微处理器设计方法

为了在微处理器结构优化的同时保持合理的硬件开销,提出了一种混合频率策略.它允许流水线模块根据各自逻辑复杂度选择不同的工作频率;通过提高简单模块的工作频率,并增加复杂模块的并行度,以实现流水线的指令吞吐率的优化.实验表明,相比商业化的处理器,该策略下的超标量结构在保持电路和功耗开销的同时,指令吞吐率平均有23%的提高.     

网格中数据并行流水线的任务指派优化

为了缩短网格中数据并行流水线在吞吐率受限下的延迟,提出了一种优化任务指派的算法.在一个流水线中,每个任务都可以是一个数据并行程序.当多个任务被指派到同一个并行系统时,假设每个任务排他地使用一组处理机.根据优化目的,优化过程可分成连续的两个阶段,即提高吞吐率和缩短吞吐率受限下的延迟.对不同的优化阶段,用不同的启发式算法确定一个并行系统中每个任务的处理机数.改派任一任务都会使流水线的性能发生变化,性能提高的幅度被称为任务优先级.通过重复改派优先级最高的任务,流水线的性能可迅速提高,这在仿真实验中已得到了证实.     

一种可扩展高速FPGA嵌入式ECC电路设计

针对当前现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)嵌入式帧检错与纠错(ECC)电路速度低、可扩展性差的不足,设计了一种新型可扩展的高速流水线型帧ECC电路.它充分利用FPGA回读数据的特征,在FPGA回读数据的同时完成单帧数据的ECC校验,不占用额外的存储资源.每一级流水线的延时相对于整个FPGA配置电路的延时而言是非常小的,不会影响到整个FPGA配置电路的速度.实验结果表明,和Xilinx设计的ECC电路相比,本设计的平均最高工作频率是其1.5倍,平均资源占用率仅为其10%.此外,该帧ECC电路具有良好的扩展性,通过调整流水线的级数就能够很好地适应FPGA配置位流结构的改变.     

10位100MHz采样保持电路设计

设计了一种适用于10位100MHz的流水线模数转换器的采样保持电路.利用SMIC0.13μmCMOS工艺,设计了一个直流增益为87.6dB的全差分自举增益放大器,其功耗仅7.2mW,且达到0.05%精度的响应时间小于4ns.在采样时钟频率为100MHz,输入信号频率为10MHz时,该采样保持电路的无杂散动态范围(SFDR)为80.7dB.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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