各等长圈数不超过2的简单图的最大边数

设Sn是具有n个顶点各等长圈数不超过2的简单图的集合．若Sa中不存在图G＇使｜E（G＇）｜〉｜E（G）｜，则称G是简单的最大圈分布（2）图（简记为简单MCD（2）图）．用f＊（n,2）表示具有n个顶点的简单MCD（2）图的边数．证明了对每个整数11≤n≤14，有f＊（n,2）=n＋[1/2（√11n-20 -2）]，其中[a]是小于等于a的最大整数。     

至多有2个等长圈的简单图的最大边数

设Sn是具有n个顶点至多有2个等长圈的简单图的集合。若Sn中不存在图G’使|E(C’)|>|E(G)|,Ng称G是简单的最大图分布(2)图(简记为简单MCD(2)图)。用f~*(n,2)表示具有n个顶点的简单MCD(2)图的边数。作者证明了f~*(n,2)≥(n-l)+[1/2(11n-20)~(1/2)]且当3≤n≤10时等式成立。     

非广义多边形路的2连通图的圈数

若Ｇ中一条路Ｐ的每个内点ｖ 都有ｄＧ（ｖ）＝ ２,则称Ｐ为Ｇ的简单路⒀一个２ 连通可平面图Ｇ称为广义多边形路,如果用下述方法得到的图Ｇ是路：对应于Ｇ的每个内部面ｆ （Ｇ是Ｇ的平图）有一个Ｇ的顶点ｆ,Ｇ的两个顶点ｆ和ｇ在Ｇ中相邻当且仅当Ｇ中相应的两个内部面的边界交于一条Ｇ的简单路⒀令ｊ＝ ｜Ｅ（Ｇ）｜－ ｜Ｖ（Ｇ）｜和ｍ （Ｇ）为Ｇ的含圈数⒀论文证明了下述结果：设Ｇ是非广义多边形路的２ 连通图,则ｍ （Ｇ）≥ｊ２＋ ５ｊ２ － １⒀     

分数(g,f,n′,m)-临界消去图的2个充分条件

设G是一个图,若去掉G中的任意n′个顶点的剩余子图仍是分数(g,f,m)-消去图,则称G是一个分数(g,f,n′,m)-临界消去图.从独立数和度条件2个角度出发,分别给出了图G是分数(g,f,n′,m)-临界消去图的2个充分条件.     

冒泡排序图的超带性

图G的k-路集C(u,v)是连接G中顶点u和v的k条内点不交的路的集合.图G的k-路集C(u,v)是一个k*-路集如果连接顶点u和v的k条内点不交的路包含G中所有的顶点.一个二部图G是k*-带的若G中任意两个属于不同二划分集的顶点之间存在k*-路集.设κ(G)是图G的连通度.一个二部图是超带的若G是i*-带的,1≤i≤κ(G).n维冒泡排序图Bn是二部图,是n-1正则的,有n!个顶点.在本文中,首先证明了Bn是(n-1)*-带的,n≥5,然后得到n维冒泡排序图Bn(n≠3)是超带的.     

分数(g,f,n′,m)-临界消去图的邻集条件

设G是一个图,若去掉G中的任意n′个顶点的剩余子图仍是分数(g,f,m)-消去图,则称G是一个分数(g,f,n′,m)-临界消去图.本文给出了图G是分数(g,f,n′,m)-临界消去图的邻集条件,从而推广了以前文献中关于分数(g,f,n′)-临界图邻集条件的结论.     

非连通图(P_1∨P_m)∪C_(4n)∪P_2的优美性

讨论非连通图(P1∨Pm)∪C4n∪P2的优美性.证明如下结论:设m、n为任意正整数,当m≥2,1≤n≤2m-2时,非连通图(P1∨Pm)∪C4n∪P2是优美图,其中Pn是n个顶点的路,G1∨G2是图G1与G2的联图,C4n是4n个顶点的圈.     

韧度与分数(k,n′)-临界消去图

设G是一个图,若去掉G中的任意n′个顶点的剩余子图仍是分数k-消去图,则称G是一个分数(k,n′)-临界消去图.文章证明了当t(G)≥((k2-1)(n′+1))/k,且n>k+n′+1时,G是分数(k,n′)-临界消去图.     

28个顶点的简单MCD图

设Ｓｎ是ｎ个顶点的没有等长圈的简单图的集合．若Ｇ∈Ｓｎ且Ｓｎ中不存在图Ｇ＇使｜Ｅ（Ｇ＇）｜＞｜Ｅ（Ｇ）｜，则称图Ｇ是简单ＭＣＤ图．若简单ＭＣＤ图Ｇ是２连通的，则称Ｇ是２连通简单ＭＣＤ图．本文证明了不存在具有２８个顶点的含有同胚于Ｋ４的子图的２连通简单ＭＣＤ图．于是结合ＤｉｓｃｒｅｔｅＭａｔｈ．１２６（１９９４），我们完全证明了下述定理：存在ｎ个顶点的含有同胚于Ｋ４的子图的２连通简单ＭＣＤ图当且仅当ｎ∈｛１０，１１，１４，１５，１６，２１，２２｝．     

调和平衡图直径与顶点数的关系

如果非平凡连通图G中任意的顶点v都对应G中唯一的顶点,使d(v,)=diam(G),则称G为平衡图.若平衡图G中由边uv∈B(G)可推出∈B(G),则称G为调和平衡图.本文证明了顶点数为n直径为d(d≥5)的调和平衡图G当G≌C_n时有关系式n≥3d.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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