流变相—前驱物法制备纳米Co3O4

报道以流变相-前驱物法制备纳米Co3O4的一种新的软化学方法.先用流变相法合成草酸盐前驱物CoC2O4@2H2O,再在不同温度下热分解可制备得纳米CO3O4.通过热重法(TG)、X-射线衍射(XRD)和透射电子显微镜分析了其前驱物、产物的颗粒大小及形状等特征.研究了分解温度与产物粒径大小之间的关系以及微晶生长动力学.从实验结果可以看出,流变相-前驱物法为制备纳米Co3O4粉末提供了一种简单、可行、有效的方法.     

流变相前驱物法制备纳米Co_3O_4

报道以流变相 前驱物法制备纳米Co3O4的一种新的软化学方法。先用流变相法合成草酸盐前驱物CoC2O4·2H2O,再在不同温度下热分解可制备得纳米CO3O4。通过热重法(TG)、X 射线衍射(XRD)和透射电子显微镜分析了其前驱物、产物的颗粒大小及形状等特征。研究了分解温度与产物粒径大小之间的关系以及微晶生长动力学。从实验结果可以看出,流变相 前驱物法为制备纳米Co3O4粉末提供了一种简单、可行、有效的方法。     

硬脂酸凝胶法制备尖晶石型NiCo2O4纳米晶体

采用硬脂酸凝胶法制备磁性NiCo2O4纳米颗粒.通过红外(FT-IR)、热重(TG)对前驱物进行分析;X-射线粉末衍射(XRD)研究了煅烧温度对NiCo2O4晶体形成的影响;透射电镜(TEM)、振动试样磁强计(VSM)对产物的形貌及磁性能进行表征.结果表明,380℃保温6h可以获得单一晶相的NiCo2O4尖晶石纳米颗粒,粒度分布较窄,平均粒径约为9nm,矫顽力为147 Oe,饱和磁化强度为2.22emu·g-1.     

Co3O4纳米颗粒的溶胶凝胶法制备及磁性

采用PVA水溶液溶胶凝胶成功制备了粒径为25 nm的Co3O4纳米颗粒,用热重-差热仪、X射线衍射仪、超导量子干涉仪对样品进行了表征。结果表明:当加热温度低于500℃时,产物中含有CoO杂相;500℃以上时,产物为纯相Co3O4纳米颗粒。Co3O4纳米颗粒(25 nm)为立方尖晶石结构,晶胞参数a=0.807 66 nm.颗粒形貌基本为球形,颗粒大小分布较均匀。Co3O4纳米颗粒(25 nm)呈现反铁磁向顺磁转变,其奈耳温度TN约为40 K。     

电纺CoFe2O4纳米纤维及其磁性研究

采用溶胶-凝胶过程和静电纺丝技术,以三氯化铁(FeCl3·6H2O)、醋酸钴(Co(CH3COO)2·4H2O)和聚乙烯醇(PVA)为前驱物,制得PVA/FeCl3/Co(CH3COO)2复合纳米纤维.经高温煅烧,制备了CoFe2O4纳米纤维.利用扫描电镜(SEM)、红外光谱(FT-IR)、差热-热重(TG-DTA)和X射线衍射(XRD)等分析测试手段对样品进行了表征,并研究了其磁性质.结果表明:静电纺丝技术制备的CoFe2O4纳米纤维为规则的一维结构,直径分布均匀,具有良好的铁磁性.     

碳酸氢铵共沉淀法制备Gd2O3:Eu纳米晶及其性质研究

以硝酸稀土为原料,碳酸氢铵作沉淀剂,PVA为分散剂,通过控制一定的反应条件,制得易沉降、过滤的碳酸钆(铕),此前驱物在一定温度下焙烧即可得到Gd2O3:Eu纳米晶.通过红外光谱、差热-热重、X射线衍射、扫描电镜等多种分析测试方法,研究了碳酸钆(铕)的组成、分解过程,以及Gd2O3:Eu的形成过程、微观形貌和粒度.结果表明:前驱物碳酸钆(铕)在较低的温度(700 ℃)焙烧即可制得Gd2O3:Eu纳米晶的纯相,属立方晶系,颗粒呈球形.当焙烧温度从700 ℃升高到1 000 ℃时,粒径从约50 nm增大到70 nm.对样品的激发光谱、发射光谱测定表明:Gd2O3:Eu纳米晶在265 nm光激发下,发红光,发射光谱谱峰在611 nm;与体材料相比,激发光谱中电荷迁移带(CTB)明显红移,从体材料的255 nm移至265 nm.     

放电等离子烧结制备Ca2Co2O5陶瓷过程中Co价态分析

采用(NH4)2C2O4共沉淀法制备出CaC2O4和CoC2O4前驱物,在800℃对前驱物煅烧8 h得粉体组成为Ca2Co2O5,Co3O4,CaO,该粉体经放电等离子烧结(SPS)后所得陶瓷块体为纯相Ca2Co2O5,利用X光电子能谱(XPS)分析了烧结前后样品中Co元素价态.     

Sb掺杂SnO2纳米颗粒的微波辅助溶剂热合成

在密闭反应容器中,通过微波辐照加热SnCl4·5H2O和SbCl3的乙醇溶液制备Sb掺和SnO2(ATO)纳米晶颗粒.研究前驱溶液的浓度变化对ATO纳米晶的晶粒尺寸和形貌的影响,并对ATO纳米晶体和纳米颗粒的形成机制进行了初步探索.采用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、高分辨透射电镜(HRTEM)、傅立叶转换红外光谱(FTIR)和氮吸附比表面积测定仪(BET)对试样进行了表征.当前驱溶液浓度由0.05mol/L增加到1.0mol/L,ATO纳米晶(5nm)逐渐团聚并生长成较大的纳米颗粒(50nm).结果表明,通过改变前驱溶液的浓度,可控制ATO纳米晶的晶粒尺寸和形貌.     

共沉淀法制备负膨胀系数材料ZrW2O8

以H2WO4和ZrOCl2·8H2O为原料,先采用共沉淀法制备出前驱物,再加热合成出了ZrW2O8粉末. 用X射线衍射(XRD)对合成粉末进行物相分析,用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)分析粉末形貌,用差热-热重分析确定合成温度. 结果表明:溶液pH值控制在2～3范围内,溶液中Zr4 和WO2-4能同时发生沉淀;所得前驱物在1 200 ℃反应1 h,所得产物相主要为ZrW2O8,其粒度在100 nm左右,且分布均匀.     

纳米二氧化钛颗粒的制备

以硫酸法生产钛白的废弃物 (灰箱料 )为原料 ,制备纳米级锐钛型 Ti O2 .灰箱料经净化后得到硫酸钛溶液 ,以尿素为沉淀剂 ,采用均匀沉淀法制备纳米 Ti O2 颗粒 .详细研究了溶液 p H值、反应温度、Ti(SO4) 2 浓度、反应时间等工艺条件对 Ti O2 颗粒形态结构 (晶型、大小和分布 )的影响 ,形成纳米 Ti O2 制备工艺 .利用 TG- DTA、TEM、XRD分析等手段对颗粒进行表征 .制备的 Ti O2 颗粒纯度为 96 .4%,粒径为 2 0～ 30 nm,且分布均匀 ,为锐钛相结构 .     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

The Analects and the Moment in Peking——The influence of a Confucian education system on the personality formation,the way of thinking and the fate of the main characters

0.Preface China has long been boasting of its colorful and immense culture which comprises of Taoism,Confucianism and Buddhism.The interwoven influence among the religions on Chinese way of thinking,on the nation＇s behavior in their social life throughout the long history is beyond list.