苦瓜葡萄糖酸-δ-内酯豆腐的研制

运用回归正交旋转组合设计研究了苦瓜汁的加入量、豆浆浓度及葡萄酸－δ－内酯的加入量对豆腐质量的影响,确定了添加苦瓜后内酯豆腐的最佳配方和加工工艺。结果表明,苦瓜内酯豆腐的最佳配方为：苦瓜与豆浆的体积比为１∶３,豆浆的质量分数为０．１４３,白色粉末状固体葡萄糖酸－δ－内酯的添加量为豆浆质量的０．３０％ 。该产品具有营养和食疗的双重作用。     

水葫芦叶蛋白提取工艺初步研究

为高效利用水葫芦和缓解我国蛋白资源的紧缺,初步研究了加热法、氯化钙和葡萄糖酸内酯絮凝及直接发酵法提取水葫芦叶蛋白。研究结果表明加热法的最适温度范围70～80℃、氯化钙和葡萄糖酸内酯絮凝最适添加量分别为0.2%和0.1%、直接发酵法最适发酵时间为24～48 h,提取效果优劣先后排序依次为加热法、氯化钙絮凝、葡萄糖酸内酯絮凝和直接发酵法。     

蛋糕粉中无铝复合膨松剂的优化配方

研究蛋糕粉中添加的无铝复合膨松剂,首先通过单因素实验确定了碳酸氢钠、柠檬酸、酒石酸氢钾、葡萄糖酸内酯的添加范围分别为26%～28%、5%～10%、18%～23%、12%～17%,再通过正交实验对配方进行优化,最终确定蛋糕粉中无铝复合膨松剂各组分的最佳添加量为碳酸氢钠28%、葡萄糖酸内酯15%、酒石酸氢钾23%、柠檬酸10%、食盐15%、淀粉9%.在最佳配方下进行验证实验,蛋糕品质感官评分为92.5.     

食用D－葡萄糖酸－δ－内酯

讨论了口服葡萄糖经黑曲霉发酵制取葡萄糖酸钠，再经钙化、酸化、酯化、浓缩、洗涤、干燥制成Ｄ－葡萄糖酸－δ－内酯的工艺条件。     

2-酮基-D-葡萄糖酸加热脱羧反应的研究

2-酮基-D-葡萄糖酸属于α-碳上有吸电子基团的羧酸,受热容易发生脱羧(脱CO2)反应.本工作利用酸碱滴定的方法来确定加热前后2-酮基-D-葡萄糖酸摩尔数的变化,探讨了加热温度和加热时间对脱羧反应的影响.结果表明,在100℃以内,无论是固态的2-酮基-D-葡萄糖酸还是它的水溶液,脱羧分解都不明显;在100℃以上,脱羧分解随着温度的升高和加热时间的延长而加剧.     

葡萄糖酸的制取方法

葡萄糖酸是葡萄糖的氧化产物,可广泛应用于食品、制药、金属加工、纺织轻工和建筑业中。它是一种很好的酸味剂,加入酱菜和香肠中能延长保鲜期;应用于啤酒生产中可防止沉淀产生;与水混溶后,大部分会变成葡萄糖酸—δ—内酯,这是一种新型豆腐凝固剂。另外,葡萄糖酸可用来制造锌、     

不同碳氮源对一株产油小球藻油脂积累的影响

以蛋白核小球藻(Chlorella pyrenoidosa)为研究对象,考察了不同碳源及氮源对小球藻生物量和油脂产率的影响,确定了最佳碳源和氮源的添加量.结果表明,蛋白核小球藻最优碳源是葡萄糖,最优氮源是尿素;当葡萄糖浓度为30mg/L、尿素浓度为1.5mg/L时,小球藻生物量和油脂产率达到8783.9mg/L和126.3mg/L/d,比优化前分别提高了37.9%和125%.这为今后培养小球藻,提高其生物量和油脂产率奠定了一定的理论基础.     

L-乳酸发酵培养基的研究

最终试验结果表明，发酵培养基成分为碳源为葡萄糖添加量为6％时L-乳酸的产量8.1g/l，氮源为牛肉膏添加量为2％时L-乳酸的产量9．02g/l，PH为6．5时5．62g/l，均为同一条件下的最高产酸量，最终确定最佳发酵培养基为6％葡萄糖、2％牛肉膏添、PH为6．5。     

方便速食豆花粉的研制

主要研究了速食豆花粉的制备和冲调条件。将鲜制豆浆在13 MPa-23 MPa的压力下进行均质,喷雾干燥进风温度为100℃-110℃,排风温度为60℃-65℃;豆花粉与水之比为1∶15,冲调水温为90℃,豆花粉与葡萄糖酸-δ-内酯之比为16∶1,所得方便豆花质量最佳。     

芸豆蛋白-罗勒籽胶复合乳液凝胶对叶黄素的包埋及递送研究

叶黄素是一种天然类胡萝卜色素,在肿瘤与心血管类等疾病的预防方面发挥着重要作用,但因叶黄素在极端环境下极易发生化学降解,阻碍了其在食品加工中的应用。为提高叶黄素的稳定性,文章对包埋叶黄素的芸豆蛋白-罗勒籽胶共稳定的O/W乳液和冷固型乳液凝胶进行了表征。结果表明,葡萄糖酸-δ-内酯和柠檬酸钠双重诱导的乳液凝胶显著提高了叶黄素在储藏、高温和紫外光照条件下的包埋稳定性。同时,通过构建体外消化模型,证明了柠檬酸钠诱导形成的乳液凝胶易被消化,具有较高的可溶性蛋白质量分数和游离脂肪酸释放量,从而改善了叶黄素的生物可及性。因此,芸豆蛋白-罗勒籽胶复合冷固型乳液凝胶可作为包埋叶黄素的良好载体,广泛应用于活性物质的递送和功能食品等领域。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.