颅内动脉瘤破裂急诊显微手术的护理

目的：探讨颅内动脉瘤破裂急诊显微手术患者的护理方法.方法：对43例颅内破裂动脉瘤急诊手术治疗患者进行规范、有效的护理,出院时进行GOS评分并结合患者预后进行评价.结果：良好36例（83.7%）,差4例（9.4%）,死亡3例（6.9%）.结论：规范的护理可以有效的配合颅内动脉瘤破裂急诊手术并提升患者的生存质量.     

显微外科治疗颅内动脉瘤临床探讨

目的：探讨显微外科治疗颅内动脉瘤的方法和效果．方法：采用显微外科经翼点入路颅内动脉瘤夹闭术，手术患者7例，夹闭动脉瘤10例．结果：手术成功率100％，出院时或术后1～3月复诊评定疗效．5例痊愈（工作和生活能力正常），1例部分偏瘫和语言稍有笨拙，1例死亡为术前和术后严重脑血管痉挛致脑缺血死亡．结论：显微外科经翼点入路颅内动脉瘤夹闭术是治疗颅内动脉瘤一种安全、微创、有效的治疗方法．同时．夹闭动脉瘤颈是最理想的方法，应属首选．因它既不阻断载瘤动脉，又完全彻底消除了动脉瘤．     

颅内动脉瘤非急性期的外科治疗现状及进展

颅内动脉瘤破裂表现为蛛网膜下腔出血，瘤体大于7mm可出现神经压迫症状，根据颅内动脉瘤破裂发生时间将其分为急性期和非急性期。非急性期外科治疗采用开颅手术夹闭动脉瘤蒂的治疗方式，但随着介入技术和材料的发展，很多医疗机构已将血管内栓塞治疗颅内动脉瘤作为首选治疗方式。这两种方法治疗颅内动脉瘤非急性期的效果仍存在争议。现通过查阅近年来国内外文献，对颅内动脉瘤非极性期外科治疗现状和研究进展作一综述。     

颅内破裂微小动脉瘤的血管内治疗临床研究

目的探讨颅内微小破裂动脉瘤血管内治疗的技术可行性和临床疗效。方法凹顾性分析我院2007年10月-2012年3月共收治的10例颅内微小动脉瘤性急性蛛网膜下腔出血患者行血管内治疗病例,其中颈内动脉床突上段动脉瘤1例,后交通动脉瘤4例,前交通动脉瘤2例,大脑中动脉瘤1例,椎动脉瘤1例,小脑后下动脉瘤1例;行单纯可脱性微弹簧圈动脉瘤囊内栓塞8例,对其中的宽颈动脉瘤辅以血管支架、球囊辅助的瘤颈成形技术完成治疗2例。结果9例行可脱性微弹簧圈动脉瘤囊内栓塞病例,达完全致密栓塞8例,1例患者瘤颈有很小的部分残留为95％栓塞,在随访期间保持稳定;其中1例置人支架的颈内动脉床突上段动脉瘤,术后半年复查,未发现支架移位;本组病例无1例死亡。结论血管内治疗颅内破裂微小动脉瘤是可行和有效的,是外科颅内动脉瘤夹闭术的…．种有效替代方法。     

血管内栓塞治疗颅内动脉瘤破裂37例

目的:探讨颅内动脉瘤破裂血管内栓塞治疗的效果及技术要点。方法:对37例破裂的颅内动脉瘤,经血管内途径,采用单纯的可脱性弹簧圈(GDC/EDC)或血管内支架结合可脱性弹簧圈技术进行瘤内栓塞。结果:37例均获成功栓塞,其中动脉瘤完全填塞28例,填塞90%以上9例,无神经系统并发症。一年后复查未见复发。结论:破裂颅内动脉瘤的血管内栓塞是一种安全有效的治疗手段。     

颅内动脉瘤壁差异蛋白在动脉瘤形成和破裂中的作用机制研究

目的探讨差异蛋白(TM9SF1,AZU1)在颅内动脉瘤形成和破裂中的作用机制.方法收集26例颅内动脉瘤夹闭手术患者的动脉瘤血管壁组织,术中取同一患者头皮断裂(2 mm)的颞浅动脉(STA)作对照,采用Western blot和免疫组化法分析TM9SF1,AZU1在STA和颅内动脉瘤血管壁组织中的含量和表达差异.结果 Western blot显示:颅内动脉瘤血管壁组织中TM9SF1和AZU1含量较STA组织分别增加5.5,7.8倍,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05).免疫组化显示:STA组织中TM9SF1,AZU1呈阴性或弱阳性表达,颅内动脉瘤血管壁组织中TM9SF1和AZU1呈阳性或强阳性表达,动脉瘤血管壁组织中TM9SF1,AZU1染色分级明显高于STA组织,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05).结论 TM9SF1,AZU1可能参与了颅内动脉瘤发病的分子机制.     

DSA在颅内动脉瘤和脑血管畸形诊疗中的临床应用

目的：探讨DSA（数字减影血管造影）在颅内动脉瘤和脑动静脉畸形诊断和治疗中的应用价值．方法：采用DSA脑血管造影检查疑似颅内动脉瘤和脑动静脉畸形的患者36例，根据造影结果决定下一步治疗方案．结果：共发现28例颅内动脉瘤和脑动静脉畸形，分别采用了血管内治疗、手术夹闭和切除等不同的治疗方案．结论：DSA极大提高了脑血管造影检查的准确性和可靠性，也为颅内动脉瘤和脑动静脉畸形的栓塞治疗、手术夹闭和切除提供了可靠保障．具有准确、安全和操作方便的特点，有很高的临床实用价值．     

创伤性颅内血肿96例手术治疗

目的：评价早期手术治疗急性创伤性颅内血肿的效果。方法：对96例有占位效应的急性创伤性颅内血肿进行早期手术治疗。结果：全部病例获得平均1a 3mo的随访，按照格拉斯哥结果分级(GOS)：Ⅰ级6例；Ⅱ级2例；Ⅲ级3例；Ⅳ级8例；Ⅴ级76例。结论：有占位效应的急性创伤性颅内血肿应早期手术治疗才能挽救病人生命，降低死亡率，减轻伤残程度，提高治疗效果。     

颅内动脉瘤显微夹闭术35例的手术配合与护理

目的探讨脑动脉瘤患者实施外科治疗在显微镜下行颅内动脉瘤血管夹闭术的手术配合。方法对35例脑动脉瘤患者实施在显微镜下行颅内动脉瘤血管夹闭术术中的护理配合进行回顾性分析。结果35例患者手术过程顺利,术后均获得满意效果。结论认真做好术前准备,熟悉手术步骤、手术器械、手术显微镜的性能和用法及术中默契的配合是颅内动脉瘤血管夹闭术手术成功的关键。     

微弹簧圈血管内栓塞治疗48例颅内囊状动脉瘤

目的：介绍微弹簧圈血管内栓塞治疗48例颅内囊状动脉瘤．方法：所有病例均经股动脉穿刺插管选择性全脑血管造影确诊,在数字减影血管造影监视下行可脱性弹簧躅血管内栓塞治疗．结果：本组48例中无死亡病例,完全栓塞39例,不完全栓塞8例,未行治疗1例．结论：微弹簧圈血管内栓塞治疗颅内动脉瘤是可行的治疗方法．其效果确实,创伤小,病人恢复快．     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

正~~     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to