高性能、有理系数9/7双正交小波滤波器组的设计

提出了一种构造9／7双正交小波的新方法．在给定用一个参数表达的9／7合成滤波器的前提下，把双正交小波的精确重构条件表示为一个丢番图方程并求解，得到其分解滤波器，从而得到了9／7双正交小波滤波器组的参数表达式．通过设定该表达式参数为任意不同的实数，可以随意构造具有不同特征的9／7线性相位滤波器．以示例的形式构造了2种高性能的滤波器，一种具有最佳编码增益，另一种系数为二进制分数．理论分析和实验表明：前者具有与CDF9／7滤波器相同的压缩性能和较低的计算复杂度；后者仅采用移位一加就可实现离散小波变换，非常有利于超大规模集成电路的高效实现．     

多进制Haar与斜Haar小波在纹理分类中的应用

基于Walsh变换和斜变换给出了一种构造多进制Haar小波和多进制斜Haar小波的方法，并利用这些变换特有的快速算法加快了小波分解速度．实验中用该类小波分解图像，然后提取纹理图像的特征量，使用最小距离分类器进行纹理分类并比较了构造出来的各类小波的分类正确率，给出了选择小波基的原则．实验结果表明多进制斜Haar小波滤波器组具有更佳的分类效果．     

巴特沃斯小波构造与应用研究

讨论了小波与正交滤波器组的相互构造关系，以及由正交滤波器组构造小波所要满足的正规性条件，分析比较了由有限冲激响应（FIR）滤波器组构造出的小波与无限冲激响应（IIR）滤波器组构造出的小波，将基于IIR滤波器组的7阶巴特沃斯小波与基于FIR滤波器的Daubechies小波在信号降噪中中的效果进行了比较，得到了低阶IIR滤波器组构造的小波可以与高阶FIR滤波器组构造出的小波分析效果相似，证明Daubechies小波作为小波变换的一个分支，可以在数字信号处理中得到良好的应用。     

基于监测数据的特征小波构造及应用

提出了以监测数据为基础构造特征小波提取数据趋势的新方法，研究了第二代小波变换的预测器、更新器与等效滤波器之间的关系，以及根据等效滤波器设计预测器和更新器系数的原理。为了构造基于监测数据的特征小波，在设计预测器和更新器时，综合监测数据样本的信息，以预测器消失矩作为约束条件，以预测误差作为目标函数，使所构造的小渡能够反映监测数据的局部特征。采用设计预测器和更新器对监测数据分解、闽值处理和重构，得到监测数据的趋势。该方法在某炼油厂机组的峰峰值趋势分析中准确地描述了峰峰值变化趋势。     

线性相位紧支撑二元正交小波滤波器的构造

高维小波是处理多维信号的有力工具,张量积和栅格结构的小波有其自身的特点,但在实际应用中,仍需要构造小渡滤波器来满足特定情形下的需要以提高滤波的效果,线性相位的正交小波滤波器是小波应用于工程中一个非常重要的特性.文献[6]给出了构造二元一次中心对称仿酉矩阵的方法,在此基础上,构造了具有线性相位的紧支撑二元正交低通滤波器及时应的小波滤波器,并给出了例子.     

基于可变邻域的小波变换的球团图像边缘检测算法

提出一种基于小波变换的球团图像边缘检测算法。Mallat等提出利用小波变换的局部极大值点来表征信号的奇异点，从而进行图像边缘提取。但小渡变换的局部极大值点的确定直接关系到边缘检测效果的优劣。提出一种基于模极大值的小渡变换的局部极大值点选择方法，实验表明，该方法比传统的图像边缘提取方法具有更好的效果。     

基于完全重构条件的双正交小波构造方法

提出了一种基于完全重构条件的双正交小波滤波器的通用构造方法,在确定滤波器长度和消失矩后,可通过求解方程组得到双正交小波的滤波器系数.该方法构造了应用于JPEG2000的5/3小波、CDF9/7小波以及非常适合于硬件实现的具有简单系数的9/7小波.     

逼近希尔伯特变换对的小波基的设计

很多研究者已经证实在信号处理中利用一对小波变换能够获得显著的改进，其中这一对小波形成一对希尔伯特变换对。基于谱分解本文构造了互为希尔伯特变换对的二进小波基对。但是从一个已知的小波出发，利用它的希尔伯特变换来得到第二个小波，此时第二个小波不会是有限支撑的。本文设计一个有限支撑的小波去逼近无限支撑的小波。这个方法和Daubechies构造带有消失距的紧支撑小波的方法很相似，只是逼近希尔伯特变换要用到一个平坦延迟的滤波器。     

巴特活斯小波变换算法在故障诊断中的应用

提出了一种基于巴特沃斯滤波器的离散小波变换快速算法,通过控制巴特沃斯滤波器的频率截止特性来抑制小波变换中的频率混迭现象,还可通过控制各小波函数对应的巴特沃斯滤波器的截止频率位置来改变离散小波变换的频率分辨率,实现１／１频程（二进小波变换）、１／３频程、１／６频程等高频率分析精度的离散小波变换。     

一类整数小波变换的优化设计及其图像编码应用

整数小波变换已在嵌入式图像编码领域取得了极大的成功,一种实现整数小波变换的方法是提升.给出一种基于提升的参数化构造法,构造一类新的整数小波变换,它们仅用一个自由参数表示.随意调整该参数,就可构造出不同的整数小波变换.作为构造示例,构造了5种整数小波变换,它们的提升滤波器系数全为二进制分数(形如k/2n,k,n∈Z的数).实验表明,其中的两种变换与当前几种广为应用的整数小波变换相比,具有优异的有损和无损图像压缩性能.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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