粪肠球菌中具有启动功能的DNA片段的捕获及鉴定

PCR扩增来自质粒pUC119的β-内酰胺酶基因(bla)作报告基因,克隆进质粒pNZ8037上的能被Nisin诱导的启动子PnisA下游,构建了粪肠球菌启动功能片段探测载体pNZ-bla.利用该探测载体从粪肠球菌染色体总DNA中克隆到了能在粪肠球菌中表达的一系列具有启动功能的DNA片段,将包含克隆片段的pNZ-P-bla6质粒电击转化粪肠球菌,培养转化子并检测其抗氨苄强度,结果表明其抗氨苄强度大于Nisin诱导的含pNZ-bla质粒的粪肠球菌.表明克隆的功能片段启动能力强于PnisA.在pNZ-P-bla6的启动功能片段下游Sau3AⅠ和EcoRⅠ之间接上绿色荧光蛋白基因作为标记,构建表达绿色荧光蛋白的质粒载体pNZ-P-gfp并导入粪肠球菌中,共聚焦显微镜下可以观察到绿色荧光蛋白的表达.     

藏绵羊肠道乳酸菌的分离鉴定及系统进化分析

为解藏绵羊肠道乳酸菌的菌群组成及其基本生物学特征,无菌采集12头健康藏绵羊新鲜粪便,分离培养及纯化乳酸菌株,并通过16S rDNA序列扩增和测序进行分子鉴定.结果显示:从12个样本中共分离纯化出19株乳酸单菌,分属于7个属,其中鹑鸡肠球菌、海氏肠球菌、粪肠球菌及植物乳杆菌所占分离比例较多.该结果为进一步了解藏绵羊肠道乳酸菌的菌群种类及藏绵羊益生菌制剂的开发提供了基础.     

人RIP2基因启动子绿色荧光蛋白表达载体的构建与鉴定

目的:构建人RIP2基因启动子的绿色荧光蛋白表达载体。方法:根据特定限制性内切酶位点,以人基因组DNA为模板,PCR扩增含人RIP2基因启动子不同长度2段序列,构建含人RIP2基因启动子驱动的绿色荧光蛋白载体pEGFP-C2-RIP2(750 bp)wt、pEGFP-C2-RIP2(941 bp)wt,用VspⅠ和NheⅠ双酶切鉴定重组质粒,进行DNA序列分析,重组质粒经阳离子聚合物JetPeiTM介导转染HEK293细胞48 h后观察。结果:酶切鉴定和序列测定证实目的基因已插入重组质粒;细胞转染结果表明,重组质粒转染HEK293细胞均能表达绿色荧光,其中构建的pEGFP-C2-RIP2(750 bp)wt重组质粒绿色荧光表达强于pEGFP-C2-RIP2(941 bp)wt。结论:成功构建2段不同长度的人RIP2基因启动子绿色荧光蛋白表达载体。     

人NOD8基因启动子绿色荧光蛋白表达载体的构建与鉴定

目的:构建人NOD8基因启动子的绿色荧光蛋白表达载体.方法:用特定的限制性内切酶位点,以人基因组DNA为模板,PCR扩增含有人NOD8基因启动子不同长度2段序列,并进行酶切以切除启动子的pEGFP-C2作框架结构,插入表达载体pEGFP-C2中,构建含有人NOD8基因启动子驱动的绿色荧光蛋白载体pEGFP-C2-NOD8(520 bp)、pEGFP-C2-NOD8(760 bp),用Vsp Ⅰ和Nhe Ⅰ双酶切和PCR鉴定重组质粒,再将重组质粒进行DNA序列分析.构建的重组质粒经脂质体(lipofectamine)TM2000介导转染HEK293、K562和HeLa细胞,转染48 h后在倒置荧光显微镜下观察.结果:pEGFP-C2-NOD8(520 bp)、pEGFP-C2-NOD8(760 bp)分别经酶切鉴定和序列测定证实目的基因已插入重组质粒;细胞转染结果表明,构建的2段重组质粒转染HEK293、K562及HeLa细胞均能表达绿色荧光,其中构建的pEGFP-C2-NOD8(760 bp)重组质粒绿色荧光表达强于pEGFP-C2-NOD8(520 bp).结论:成功构建2段不同长度的人NOD8基因启动子绿色荧光蛋白表达载体.     

绿色荧光蛋白(GFP)基因在短小芽孢杆菌中的组成型表达

采用PCR技术,亚克隆来自短小芽孢杆菌总基因组中的启动子活性片段F1,构建了一个大肠杆菌-短小芽孢杆菌穿梭表达载体pHY300-F1gfp,以缺失启动子的绿色荧光蛋白(GFP)基因为报告基因,检测了该片段在短小芽孢杆菌DX01菌株中的启动活性,在荧光显微镜下,观察到了明亮的绿色荧光,证实活性片段F1具有组成型启动子的功能,GFP基因在短小芽孢杆菌中实现了组成型表达．     

破囊壶菌Δ4-脂肪酸脱饱和酶基因5'端侧翼区域的克隆与鉴定

应用衔接头PCR(LA-PCR)技术,扩增得到约1000 bp的海洋破囊壶菌Δ4-脱饱和酶基因5’端侧翼区域的单一产物.对该产物测序,经启动子软件与序列比对分析,发现该序列(Genkbank登录号EU074209)具有真核启动子序列的基本结构特征,含有TATA盒、CAAT盒、INR等元件.将扩增得到的脱饱和酶基因5’端侧翼序列亚克隆到含有绿色荧光蛋白(GFP)报告基因的质粒pGlow-TOPO中,构建重组表达质粒,转化大肠杆菌细胞.荧光显微观察大肠杆菌阳性转化子发出荧光,侧翼序列含有启动子功能得到确认.     

新生儿粪便中分离的粪肠球菌(Enterococcus faecalis)RZ18提高肠道黏膜屏障完整性

本实验旨在研究新生儿粪便样品中乳酸菌对肠道黏膜屏障完整性的促进作用.从健康新生儿粪便中分离出15株乳酸菌.对这些乳酸菌进行耐酸、耐胆盐和细胞黏附能力的实验,分析其定植能力.再通过荧光素酶报告基因分析实验、实时荧光定量PCR(Real-timePCR)、酶联免疫吸附测定检测各菌发酵上清液对HT-29细胞中黏蛋白2(mucin2,MUC2)表达的影响,结果显示粪肠球菌(Enterococcusfaecalis)RZ18发酵上清液对MUC2启动子活性、转录和翻译水平均有增强作用.并通过Real-timePCR、免疫印迹实验检测E. faecalisRZ18发酵上清液对肠道黏膜屏障中闭锁蛋白、封闭蛋白1、闭锁小带蛋白1表达的影响,发现该菌可以促进这些紧密连接蛋白的表达.最后用牛津杯法研究发现该菌对藤黄微球菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、单增李斯特菌和大肠杆菌等多种致病菌生长具有抑制作用.上述结果说明,新生儿肠道早期定植的E. faecalis可能对新生儿肠道黏膜屏障完整性的发育具有促进作用,有望应用于炎症性肠病的预防与治疗.     

几种诱导昆虫细胞RNA干扰质粒的构建和效果比较

构建了四种可以在昆虫细胞中表达形成dsRNA的质粒,比较了其诱导RNA干扰,抑制目标基因———绿色荧光蛋白(GFP)基因表达的效果.四种质粒都不同程度地抑制了质粒介导的GFP表达,其中尤以单个果蝇hsp70启动子表达反向重复序列,并带有杆状病毒AcMNPV增强子hr5的质粒效果最佳,使GFP表达量下降到原来的3.9%.当用于抑制由杆状病毒介导的GFP表达时,以两个相向排列的AcMNPV ie1基因启动子的构造有明显的抑制效果.这些结果对于在昆虫细胞中有效地利用RNA i研究基因功能有参考意义.     

融合型乳酸片球菌素在大肠杆菌中的表达与纯化

为在大肠杆菌中高效表达乳酸片球菌素(PED),按照美国国立生物技术信息中心公布的PED基因序列设计合成引物,以乳酸片球菌基因组DNA为模板,用多聚酶链式反应扩增PED结构基因特异片段,构建编码组氨酸标记硫氧还原蛋白融合PED的重组表达质粒pET32c-PED,并转化大肠杆菌BL21(DE3).在异丙基硫代半乳糖苷诱导后融合蛋白以包涵体形式表达,表达量占菌体总蛋白的28%.经镍亲合层析纯化的融合蛋白用肠激酶裂解,再经超滤纯化,可得78%的收率.融合蛋白没有抗粪肠球菌细菌素活性,被分开的PED恢复了抑菌活性.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.