稀土元素对胡麻生长发育的影响

喷施稀土液对胡麻营养生长和经济性状影响的研究结果表明，喷施５００ｍｇ·Ｌ－１以内稀土液促进根系生长．在３００～５００ｍｇ·Ｌ－１时提高植株高和工艺长度，且茎粗和分茎数明显增加，３００～４００ｍｇ·Ｌ－１时增加叶密度和叶面积，提高叶绿素的含量３００～５００ｍｇ·Ｌ－１时明显增加分枝数和株果数，千粒重和株粒重显著提高．     

平菇原生质体制备、再生及灭活研究

紫孢侧耳、糙皮侧耳和佛罗里达侧耳的原生质体制备与再生的最佳条件为：用１％溶壁酶＋０．５％蜗牛酶的混合酶液酶解培养３～４天的菌丝体，１．５小时后，原生质体产量均可达１０￣（１０）个／Ｌ；三种侧耳的最佳再生培养基分别为ＳＭ、ＭＰ和ＲＰ，再生率分别为０．６１％、０．６７％和０．７６％。随着紫外线对原生质体处理时间的加长，再生率逐渐下降，当处理４ｍｉｎ时，再生率接近零。     

固定化根霉乳酸发酵的研究

对固定化根霉发酵乳酸的研究结果表明，用海藻酸钙法包埋根霉Ｒ－２９１孢子，经萌发增殖培养后凝胶颗粒具有较好的机械强度，产酸速率可达４ｇ·ｈ－１·Ｌ－１。     

茴香原生质体培养研究

以茴香（ＦｏｅｎｉｃｕｌｕｍｖｕｌｇａｒｅＬ．）幼苗茎切段在ＭＳ附近２，４－Ｄ１ｍｇ／Ｌ、６－ＢＡ０．５ｍｇ／Ｌ的培养基上诱导产生愈伤组织，经４～５次继代后形成胚性愈伤组织。将胚性愈伤组织转至ＭＳ＋ＮＡＡ１ｍｇ／Ｌ＋２，４－Ｄ０．５ｍｇ／Ｌ＋６－ＢＡ０．２５ｍｇ／Ｌ的液体培养基中培养，形成胚性细胞悬浮系。悬浮细胞在含有１．５％纤维素酶、１％果胶酶、０．５％蜗牛酶的混合酶液中酶解得到大量的原生质体，原生质体用修改的ＫＭ８Ｐ培养基中做液体浅层培养。２天后细胞发生一裂，两个月后形成０．５～１ｍｍ大小的小愈伤组织，转入含琼脂糖的固体培养基中３周后形成２～３ｍｍ的愈伤组织     

催化光度法测定痕量钼──钼（Ⅵ）─盐酸联氨─苯胺蓝体系

拟定了测定痕量钼的新催化光度法，方法基于盐酸联氨还原苯胺蓝钼（Ⅵ）的催化效应。研究了溶液ｐＨ值、试剂浓度和干扰离子对反应速率的影响，讨论了催化反应的机理。在不同温度条件下，测定钼的线性范围是０．１～１．５ｍｇ·Ｌ－１，检出限是１．２×１０－２ｍｇ·Ｌ－１相对标准偏差是２．４％，催化反应的表现活化能是４４．７ｋＪ·ｍｏｌ－１．方法用于测定豆样品中痕量钼。     

无花果的组织培养

对影响无花果外植体不定芽诱导的四个因子进行了研究：不同器官、培养基的组成、外植体的预处理和不同的品种。细胞分裂素ＢＡ的效果优于ＫＴ。茎尖和茎段不定芽诱导培养基为ｍｇ·Ｌ￣（－１）（ＭＳ＋ＢＡ），叶片的分化以浓度８ｍｇ·Ｌ￣（－１）的ＢＡ效果最好。赤霉素（ＧＡ＿３）有助于芽的萌发和生长，浓度在０．５～１ｍｇ·Ｌ￣（－１）为宜。割取嫩枝插入１／２ＭＳ，附加１ＢＡ或ＮＡＡ１．０～２．０ｍｇ·Ｌ￣（－１）的生根培养基中，根原基诱导率９５％以上，移栽成活率９０％以上。     

温度和光照等因素对荸荠试管球茎形成的影响

“桂林马蹄”和“余杭大红袍”的荸蔼茎尖接种在ＭＳ＋ＫＴ０．１ｍｇ．Ｌ＾－１地培养基上１５ｄ后,诱导出的试管苗在ＭＳ＋６－ＢＡ２．０ｍｇ．Ｌ＾－１＋ＮＡＡ１．０ｍｇ．Ｌａ＾－１培养基上增殖培养２５ｄ后,再经６０ｄ培养可诱导出试管球茎,供试两品种试管球茎形成的最适增减其分别为ＭＳ＋６－ＢＡ１．０ｍｇ．Ｌ＾－１＋蔗糖９０ｇ．Ｌ＾－１和ＭＳ＋６－ＢＡ０．８ｍｇ．Ｌ＾－１＋蔗糖９０ｇ．Ｌ＾－１,最适培养条件     

大蒜鳞芽组织脱分化条件的分析与预测

以大蒜鳞芽基部组织为外植体，用二次回归通用旋转组合设计进行愈伤组织诱导研究。结果表明：培养基中附加的２，４－Ｄ、ＮＡＡ和６－ＢＡ三种激素中，２，４－Ｄ起决定作用，三者与愈伤组织诱导率之间的回归方程为：Ｙ＝６５．１２－１８．４７ｘ１－８．５６ｘ３－９．１７ｘ１２１６．６３ｘ２２－１２．１５ｘ３２经计算机模拟推测，最佳诱导培养基为：ＭＳ＋２，４－Ｄ０．９８ｍｇ／Ｌ～１．１４ｍｇ／Ｌ＋ＮＡＡ０．９３ｍｇ／Ｌ～１．０９ｍｇ／Ｌ＋６－ＢＡ１．１９ｍｇ／Ｌ～１．３６ｍｇ／Ｌ。     

1,6-二磷酸果糖制备研究Ⅱ.FDP的发酵工艺条件

报道了１,６二磷酸果糖（ＦＤＰ）的发酵工艺条件。采用菌株９５１８,细胞膜经透性改变后,在ｐＨ６．５的糖磷液（葡萄糖１．０ｍｏｌ·Ｌ－１、磷酸盐０．８ｍｏｌ·Ｌ－１）中,３７℃发酵４ｈ,ＦＤＰ积累最高达７２．１７ｍｇ·ｍＬ－１。     

三倍体无籽西瓜的组织培养

将三倍体无籽西瓜带子叶幼芽以及成株顶芽和腋芽培养在附加ＢＡ２ｍｇ·Ｌ－１的ＭＳ培养基中，芽体均可以扩增为芽丛．并首次报道了花芽在培养基中展开后子房愈伤组织也可以再生不定芽．不同途径得到的幼芽进一步扩增或转移到ＭＳ附加ＩＡＡ０．２ｍｇ·Ｌ－１的培养基后，均可以分化不定根，从而形成完整植株．     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to