富铬啤酒酵母发酵条件的优化

通过对啤酒酵母富铬发酵条件（发酵培养基配方,发酵时间,发酵温度,接种量,培养基装量）的探讨,得到了富铬啤酒酵母发酵的最佳工艺条件,即：（１）发酵培养基配方：葡萄糖１％、酵母膏０．３％、蛋白胨１．０５％、ＫＨ２ＰＯ４０．１％、ＭｇＳＯ４７Ｈ２Ｏ０．１％、（ＮＨ４）２ＳＯ４０．１％、Ｃｒ３＋浓度０．０２ｇ／Ｌ、ｐＨ值５．１;（２）最佳吸收时间：发酵４８ｈ．（３）发酵温度：２８℃;（４）接种量：１０％;（５）培养基装量：５０ｍＬ．     

小麦胚发酵饮料的研制

小麦胚发酵饮料以小麦胚为原料，应用乳酸菌发酵，用正交试验得出发酵条件为：发酵温度３８℃，时间８小时，接种量为２％，并测定了产品的氨基酸和矿物质的含量。     

大米百合发酵型乳酸饮料的工艺探讨

以大米、百合干为原料，研制发酵型乳酸饮料，运用正交试验确定其最佳工艺条件为：大米：百合干=4：1乳酸菌接种量为4％，发酵时间为72h．产品具有风味俱佳、酸甜适口、营养保健之特性．     

红枣果醋加工工艺研究

红枣汁经果胶酶降解后，经过酵母发酵和醋酸发酵两个阶段制成红枣果醋工艺，以及通过在整个发酵过程中红枣汁中主要物质的浓度变化，摸索红枣汁自然发酵制作果醋的最优工艺条件．从腐烂的苹果中划线分离出3株酵母茵和3株醋酸菌，并在摄像显微镜下做初步的形态鉴定后，并以此作为发酵菌种，研究不同温度、接种量、不同发酵时间对酒精度、还原糖、总糖、酸度影响．结果表明酒精发酵最适温度为30℃，发酵时间为5天，接种量为3％；醋酸发酵最适温度34℃，发酵时间为5天，接种量为10％．     

灵芝深层培养工艺的研究

为了提高发酵终了时灵芝菌丝浓度以获取高等真菌多糖，对灵芝ＡＳ．５．６５的深层培养工艺进行了研究。确定了最适发酵条件为：５％玉米淀粉、０．３％玉米浆、１％豆饼粉、０．６％糖蜜、０．１５％ＫＨ２ＰＯ４、０．０７５％ＭｇＳＯ４·７Ｈ２Ｏ，ｐＨ５．５～６．０，温度２８℃，摇床转速１５０ｒ／ｍｉｎ，摇瓶种子培养３ｄ接种。接种量５％、装液量５０ｍＬ，培养５～６ｄ可终止发酵。最终菌体干重可达２７．５ｇ／Ｌ、含粗多糖２．６ｇ／Ｌ。     

黄原胶适宜培养条件的研究

分别研究了野油菜黄单胞菌ＳＤ－２液体种子培养和发酵产胶的适宜条件。液体种子培养的适宜条件为：起始ｐＨ７．０，ＣａＣｏ３ｉ浓度０，培养温度２９℃，５００ｍＬ三角瓶装量１００ｍＬ，发酵产胶的适宜条件为：起始ｐＨ７．，ＣａＣｏ３浓度０．２％，培养温度３１℃，５００ｍＬ。采用适宜条件发酵黄原胶，最终发酵液粘度为８７２０ｍＰａ．ｓ，黄原胶浓度为２．７８％，分别比对照提高了２５．３％和１５．４％。     

不同益生菌固态发酵豆粕的工艺研究

针对传统发酵豆粕的品质与豆粕的利用率低等缺陷,用枯草芽孢杆菌、酿酒酵母菌、乳酸菌(保加利亚乳杆菌与嗜热链球菌以1∶1比例混合)为发酵菌株,进行单因素发酵豆粕的试验。以发酵温度、料水比、接种量及发酵时间为单因素,经优化试验得到,枯草芽孢杆菌发酵豆粕的最佳条件:发酵温度为37℃,料水比(m/V)为1∶1,接种量为5%,发酵时间为48 h,此时发酵豆粕粗蛋白质量分数增幅最大为62.3%,呈偏碱性的酱香味;酿酒酵母菌优化后的发酵工艺条件:发酵温度为31℃,料水比(m/V)为1∶1,接种量为5%,发酵时间为60 h,此时发酵豆粕粗蛋白质量分数为53.8%,具有浓郁的酵母香;乳酸菌发酵豆粕的最佳条件:发酵温度为37℃,料水比(m/V)为1∶1.2,接种量为7%,发酵时间为72 h,此时发酵豆粕粗蛋白质量分数为48.6%,有酸香味。     

乳酸菌发酵型冬瓜汁饮料的研制

在冬瓜汁中加入乳酸菌进行发酵,通过改变发酵温度、菌种添加量以及口味的调配优化,以期得到满足消费者口味的新型冬瓜汁乳酸菌饮料。通过对发酵过程中的pH值、氨态氮、总酸、还原糖、乳酸菌数进行测定和对比,结合感官评定得出最佳的发酵条件为发酵温度 33 ℃、接种量1.0%、发酵时间2 &调配优化试验结果表明：当加白砂糖1.0%、柠檬酸 0.025%、不加盐时口感最佳。     

水解玉米穗芯发酵生产SCP试验

采用ＣａｎｄｉｄａｂｏｉｄｉｎｉｉＮｏ．２２０１的诱变株Ｙ－１０８,以玉米穗芯为原料,用其水解液发酵培养生产ＳＣＰ,试验结果表明,在玉米穗芯水解液中添加６％－８％的玉米浆、０．３％的尿素或氯化氮 始ＰＨ值５．０左右,接种量１０％于３０℃培养７２ｈ的干菌体产量高达３０ｇ／Ｌ左右。     

凉山野生橄榄发酵酸奶工艺研究

研究凉山野生橄榄发酵酸奶的工艺影响因素及工艺控制条件。通过乳酸菌种扩大培养,对发酵影响因素进行L16(45)发酵工艺条件的研究。研究结果表明凉山野生橄榄发酵酸奶的最佳工艺条件为:橄榄汁添加量4%,糖添加量为6%,乳酸菌接种量4%,发酵温度40℃,发酵时间为4h,即可得到风味独特、组织细腻、酸甜可口的凉山野生橄榄发酵酸奶。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.