大孔吸附树脂对骨胶水解硝化液的脱色处理

研究了骨胶制备羟脯氨酸工艺中大孔吸附树脂对骨胶水解硝化液的脱色处理.使用分光光度法测定骨胶水解硝化液中色素浓度;在原制备羟脯氨酸工艺的基础上,合并了脱色步骤,并采用大孔吸附树脂脱色.结果表明:当H1020树脂对骨胶水解硝化液进行脱色处理的工艺条件为色素相对浓度的0.166 7,V(溶液)∶V(树脂)=5∶1,此时树脂对色素的脱除率为0.784,Hyp吸附损失率为0.101,大孔吸附树脂在制备羟脯氨酸工艺中有良好的应用前景.     

鲜三七根茎中提取三七总皂苷的纯化及脱色工艺研究

目的:研究影响分离、纯化、脱色三七总皂苷的主要影响因素,确立三七总皂苷纯化脱色工艺.方法:鲜三七提取液,按醇沉1次,时间为12h,醇沉浓度为70%的乙醇,醇沉浓度与样液比例为1:1,加絮凝剂浓度为4%的工艺进行处理,采用D101大孔吸附树脂富集纯化和D941离子交换树脂脱色三七总皂苷.结果:70%的乙醇为洗脱剂,上柱液浓度为0.2g生药/mL,上柱液的量为200mL,上柱后先用蒸馏水快速冲柱的倍量为1.5,洗脱剂的倍量为3倍,洗脱时的速度(滴速)为60滴/min.结论:D101大孔吸附树脂富集纯化和D941离子交换树脂脱色三七总皂苷,效果较好.     

从五种天然色素提取废渣中分离果胶的初步研究

以紫甘薯、黑胡萝卜、甜菜黄、紫甘蓝和甜菜红5种色素提取废渣为原料,基于酸提醇沉的实验方法,比较了活性炭吸附、双氧水氧化及大孔树脂吸附3种脱色方法对果胶得率、酸不溶灰分含量及外观色泽的影响。研究结果表明:大孔树脂吸附脱色法效果最好,且经济;甜菜红废渣的粗提液颜色最深,需要采用大孔树脂吸附/双氧水氧化协同脱色法脱色;甜菜黄、紫甘蓝和甜菜红3种色素废渣提取果胶收率较高;酒精沉淀后的果胶采用离心收集法优于250目滤布过滤法。     

响应面法优选泽兰多糖的大孔吸附树脂纯化工艺

目的:考察8种大孔吸附树脂D3520、H103、HPD-100、HPD-700、AB-8、HPD722、S-8、HPD-600对泽兰多糖的纯化效果,以Box-Behnken法优化最佳大孔吸附树脂的最优纯化工艺.方法:以多糖保留率、脱色率、脱蛋白率的加权综合评分为指标,考察大孔树脂、洗脱流速、上样浓度、洗脱剂用量对纯化结果的影响,通过Box-Behnken设计建立响应面模型来优选大孔树脂泽兰多糖的工艺参数.结果:优选的泽兰多糖的大孔树脂纯化工艺为:取HPD-100大孔吸附树脂,泽兰多糖的上样质量浓度为0.03 g/mL,洗脱流速为1.1 mL/min,洗脱体积为40 mL,以此优选工艺纯化后,多糖保留率69.21%,脱色率60.24%,蛋白脱除率75.67%.结论:泽兰多糖的纯化工艺稳定可靠,HPD-100大孔吸附树脂纯化工艺效果良好,适合工业化生产.     

大孔树脂纯化天麻多糖的工艺研究

本研究以炮制的干天麻为原料,水提醇沉法提取多糖,大孔吸附树脂纯化,比较了八种大孔树脂(AB-8、D101、LX-17、D301、NKA-9、S-8、LSD-001、ADS-7)对天麻多糖静态吸附-解析效果,筛选出最佳纯化树脂,再研究最佳树脂纯化天麻多糖工艺参数.结果为:八种大孔吸附树脂中D101对天麻多糖的纯化效果最好.样品液浓度、温度、上样速度,洗脱用乙醇浓度、洗脱流速及洗脱体积等因素均对D101树脂吸附分离天麻多糖有影响.所得的最佳纯化工艺为:20℃是较适宜的吸附温度,上样速度1BV/h,上样浓度4mg/mL,进行吸附;吸附饱和平衡后,用解析液浓度60%乙醇,解析速率2BV/h,解析液体积3BV进行动态洗脱.通过该工艺天麻多糖的纯度提高到了65.7%,表明了大孔树脂D101对天麻多糖具有较好的纯化效果.     

大孔树脂法分离纯化塞北紫堇总生物碱的工艺研究

目的研究大孔树脂分离纯化塞北紫堇总生物碱的工艺条件.方法以盐酸小檗碱为对照品,采用酸性染料比色法,分别考察总生物碱在5种类型的大孔树脂(AB-8、NKA-9、LKY131、HP20、PHD400A)上的吸附和解吸附行为,同时分析了上样液浓度、洗脱液浓度和洗脱量、洗脱流速等参数对分离的影响.结果所比较的5种树脂中,AB-8型大孔树脂对总生物碱分离纯化效果最好,富集能力强,较优富集工艺为:2.0mg/ml上样液浓度、9倍量70%浓度的乙醇溶液洗脱、洗脱流速为2.0ml/min,最大吸附量为160mg/g.结论使用AB-8型大孔树脂对塞北紫堇总生物碱具有较好的纯化作用,可使其纯度提高16.6%.     

大孔吸附树脂浓缩火龙果色素的研究

探讨了吸附和洗脱火龙果色素的方法和条件.该色素在535nm处有最大吸收峰.S 8型大孔吸附树脂对火龙果色素具有较好的吸附能力.乙醇浓度对树脂上色素的解吸有影响,当浓度为40%时解吸效果最好.考察了不同进样速度下树脂柱的泄漏和不同的酸浓度对洗脱峰的影响,结果选择1.5mL/min的进样速度及0.2%HCl 40%乙醇溶液为洗脱剂.经吸附-洗脱循环,色素液浓缩17倍以上,回收率达93.4%,且色素浓缩液具有较好的稳定性.     

响应面法优化大孔树脂精制香柏(变种)总黄酮工艺研究

目的:研究大孔树脂精制香柏(变种)总黄酮的最佳工艺.方法:以香柏(变种)总黄酮洗脱率作为考察指标,采用D-101大孔树脂进行精制,在单因素试验基础上,采用Box-Behnken试验设计方法确定最佳精制工艺.结果:最佳工艺条件为:乙醇浓度50%,乙醇体积4 BV,水洗体积5 BV,上样量为11 mL,样液浓度为0.15 mg/mL,吸附30 min,吸附料液比(大孔吸附树脂:黄酮类物质溶液,g/mL)1.2:1,在最佳工艺条件下香柏(变种)总黄酮洗脱率可达92.21%,香柏(变种)粗提物中总黄酮含量由精制前的4.41 g/100 g提高到50.21 g/100 g.结论:该法操作简单、方便,便于工业化生产.     

大孔吸附树脂对高粱泡鲜果红色素的吸附与洗脱性能

探讨了高粱泡果实红色素的提取条件及大孔吸附树脂对其吸附和洗脱特性.结果表明,高粱泡果实红色素的最适提取剂为酸性EtOH.3种大孔树脂中,X-5型树脂对高粱泡果实红色素的吸附和洗脱性能较好,吸附率达96.17%,解吸率为94.40%,适宜用作高粱泡果实红色素的分离、纯化;适当的色素液浓度、流速、NaCl质量分数及温度均可增大X-5型树脂对色素的吸附率,而用80%～95%EtOH作为洗脱剂,洗脱效果最好.     

鸡血藤中总黄酮的大孔树脂纯化工艺

为了探讨大孔吸附树脂纯化鸡血藤中总黄酮的最佳工艺,通过对6种型号大孔树脂的静态实验,筛选出最佳树脂;考察最佳树脂对鸡血藤总黄酮的吸附及洗脱性能,优化工艺参数.结果表明:HZ820为最佳树脂,其纯化总黄酮的优化工艺条件为上样液质量浓度3.31mg/mL,吸附流速4BV/h(1BV为20mL),上样液体积500mL,树脂吸附量达79.31mg/g;以60%乙醇为洗脱剂,洗脱流速3BV/h,洗脱用量5BV,解吸率达92.72%,减压浓缩得鸡血藤总黄酮浸膏,纯度为79.49%.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.