几种脊椎动物红细胞血型的比较研究

采用两种方法对脊椎动物各纲的代表动物小白鼠、家兔、家鸽、蟾蜍、鲫鱼的红细胞血型进行了研究 .方法一 :采用人类抗A、抗B标准血清与上述动物的红细胞进行反应 ,结果均未出现凝集现象 ,表明 :这几种动物的红细胞膜上 ,没有与人类抗A、抗B标准血清起反应的A凝集原和B凝集原 .方法二 :采用同种动物的血清与同种动物不同个体的红细胞进行反应 ,结果 :上述几种动物的红细胞与同种内不同个体的血清均不发生凝集反应 .     

联会复合体的研究及其在细胞遗传学中的应用

联会复合体(Synaptonemal Complex)是减数分裂前期染包体配对时,同源染包体之间所形成的一种复合结构。最初是由 Moses,M.J.和 Fawcott D.W.于1956年分别在喇蛄、家鸽、猫及人的初级精母细胞的超薄切片中观察到的,Moses M·J·第一次将这种复合结构定名为联会复合体(SCs)。到目前为止,几乎所有观察过的真核生物如真菌、藻类、裸子植物、单子叶植物、双子叶植物、鞭毛虫纲、甲壳纲、昆虫纲、两栖纲、鸟纲和哺乳动物都观察到过这种结构,至于原核生物是否存住 SC_5,尚未见报导。     

牛磺酸对鲫鱼密闭缺氧存活时间和血红蛋白含量的影响

以0.25%、0.5%、0.75%、1.0%的剂量将牛磺酸添加到基础饲料中,以基础饲料为对照,饲喂鲫鱼(体重45~52 g)30 d后,测定鲫鱼的密闭缺氧存活时间和血红蛋白含量.结果表明:牛磺酸极显著地提高鲫鱼的密闭缺氧存活时间,0.25%、0.5%、0.75%组的存活时间分别比对照组提高19.4%、31.6%、25.8%;显著地提高鲫鱼的血红蛋白含量,0.5%组比对照组提高了3.5%.牛磺酸是通过提高鲫鱼的血红蛋白含量从而提高鲫鱼的耐缺氧能力.     

来自“水禽乐园”的报道——唐海滩涂鸟类栖息地见闻

(一)在河北省唐山市东南百余里的唐海县境内,有一大片广阔的沿海滩涂.这里河渠纵横,水塘密布,一眼望不到边的芦苇荡和沼泽地里,生长着鲫鱼、鲤鱼、泥鳅及大小蚌螺,是各种水禽觅食繁育的好地方.当地的人们经过长年观察,发现这里栖息的鸟有鹳、鹭、鸥、鹅、鸨、雁、鹤、鹰等不下七八十种.特别是春秋两季,南迁北往的候鸟     

笼养家鸽行为的PAE编码系统研究

动物行为的PAE编码系统是把动物的行为分解为姿势(postures,P)、动作(acts,A)及其所发生的环境(environments,E),是目前较完善的动物行为编码系统之一.为构建笼养家鸽(Columba livia)的PAE行为谱,以本地健康、成年家鸽(n=16)为研究对象,采用目标动物采样法和全事件记录法,观察并记录家鸽的行为,编制了基于PAE编码系统的家鸽行为谱.共记录到笼养家鸽的43种行为,以及8种姿势、35种动作和6种环境.根据行为的生物学功能,上述43种行为可划分为10大类,即摄食、排遗、运动、休息、体温调节、通讯、繁殖、攻击、自我清洁和杂类行为.初步构建了基于PAE编码系统的笼养家鸽行为谱,家鸽行为的时间属性可描述为瞬时性行为、延续性行为和弹性行为3个时间属性类别.     

戊二醛聚合猪血红蛋白免疫学特性分析

目的 阐明加弗氏佐荆条件下,戊二醛聚合猪血红蛋白(glutaradehyde polymerized porcine hemoglobin,pPolyHb)对不同种类动物的免疫原性,初步探讨pPolyHb与人、牛血红蛋白的抗原决定簇的异同.方法 在加弗氏佐剂的条件下,pPolyHb多次皮下免疫小鼠、大鼠和兔子.间接ELISA法检测抗血清IgG滴度;免疫印迹法分别检测小鼠、大鼠和兔子抗pPolyHb抗体与猪、牛、人、小鼠、大鼠、兔子、pPolyHb和戊二醛聚合牛血红蛋白之间的交叉反应.结果 在加弗氏佐剂的条件下,pPolyHb能够刺激动物产生较高滴度的IgG,不同种类的动物产生IgG滴度不同;小鼠、大鼠和兔子抗pPolyHb抗体与不同来源的血红蛋白之间的交叉反应有明显的差异.结论 在有弗氏佐剂的条件下,pPolyHb有较强的免疫原性.但是,对不同种类动物免疫刺激的强弱不同;对不同种类的动物,pPolyHb刺激抗体产生的抗原决定簇可能大部分相同,但也有部分不同,由此产生的抗体也不同;pPolyHb与人和牛血红蛋白均有一些相似的抗原决定簇,但也有一些相互独立的抗原决定簇.     

铬离子对鲫鱼红细胞核、血细胞数和血红蛋白量影响的研究

研究了铬离子对鲫鱼的毒害性，结果显示铬离子对鲫鱼外周血红细胞的微核率、核异常率、总核异常率及血红蛋白量、红细胞数和白细胞数均具有一定的影响，大多数指标都比对照组高，而且在较高浓度时影响更大；并发现铬对鲫鱼血红蛋白和血细胞数的影响比对微核率的影响大。     

重金属离子(Hg~(2+),Cu~(2+),Ag~+)对鲫鱼和鲤鱼呼吸运动机能的影响

本文研究了不同浓度的醋酸酮、醋酸汞和醋酸银溶液对鲫鱼(Carassius auratus)和鲤鱼(Cyprinus Carpio)呼吸运动机能的影响.结果表明,上述三种含重金属离子的溶液.其浓度在0.1,0.3,0.5,1.0mg/l范围内,均能迅速地引起鲫鱼和鲤鱼呼吸运动机能的改变.随着离子浓度的增高,这两种鱼的鳃盖运动频率有些减慢,但清除污物的洗涤运动(Clean-ing movement,又称Cough response)频率则急剧地增加.同一种重金属离子对不同鱼类的呼吸运动机能有不同的影响.Cu~(2+)对鲫鱼的作用大于鲤鱼;相反,Hg~(2+)对鲤鱼的作用大于鲫鱼,而Ag~+对这两种鱼类的作用都特别明显.在这三种重金属离子中,Ag~+对鱼类的呼吸运动机能的影响最大.鲫鱼和鲤鱼对重金属离子具有相当高的敏感性,而且其洗涤运动与重金属离子密切相关,这提示有可能利用这两种淡水养殖鱼类的呼吸运动对重金属离子这种反应特性作为水质重金属污染的生物监测指标.     

室温离子液体-血红蛋白基生物传感器的制备及其在测定氧气中的应用

制备并研究了室温离子液体和血红蛋白修饰电极的电化学行为.在磷酸缓冲溶液中,在HB/IL/BPG修饰电极上可观察到一对可逆的氧化还原峰存在,其氧化、还原峰电位分别位于0.014V和-0.038V(vs.A g/A gCl),室温离子液体——溴化1-(3-氨基丙基)-3-甲基咪唑对血红蛋白的直接电化学表现出明显的促进作用.进一步实验表明,吸附于电极表面的血红蛋白能保持其生物活性,对氧气的电化学还原表现出明显的催化作用,构建了定量测定氧气的生物传感器,方法检出限为4.23×10-8 mol·L-1。     

泥鳅和黄鳝18S rRNA基因的克隆与序列分析

通过自行设计引物, 扩增且测定了泥鳅和黄鳝18S rRNA基因部分序列, 并讨论了后生动物18S rRNA基因的碱基含量变化情况. 结果表明, 泥鳅和黄鳝的18S rRNA基因部分序列长度均为1 204 bp, 泥鳅该基因序列GC含量为53.74%, 黄鳝该基因序列GC skew为0.082, 两条序列同源性为99.67%. 将它们和大西洋鲑3个物种的18S rRNA基因与其线粒体12S rRNA,16S rRNA,Cyt b和D loop区4基因进行序列比较, 发现核18S rRNA最保守, 而线粒体D loop区基因进化速率最快. 从GenBank中选择已测定的4种鱼纲动物和11种脊索动物的同源序列, 分别运用NJ法、 MP和ML法, 构建6种鱼纲动物和13种脊索动物的分
子系统树, 结果均显示, 在鱼纲动物系统树中, 6种鱼纲动物被分为软骨鱼类和硬骨鱼类两大支; 在脊索动物的系统树中, 鱼纲与脊椎动物的四足类形成姐妹群, 表明它们在系统发育过程中具有同等重要地位.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.