三索线蛇与过树容蛇肝线粒体DNA的纯化与限制酶图谱

用Sepharose 4B凝胶柱过滤和NaCl离心法纯化了三索线蛇及过树容蛇肝线粒体DNA(mtDNA),它们的分子长度分别为17.75kb及19.70kb。分别用EcoRⅠ,XbaⅠ,BamHⅠ及BglⅡ等4种限制酶消化这两种mtDNA,结果表明:EcoRⅠ,XbaⅠ,BamHⅠ和BglⅡ在三索线蛇肝mtDNA上分别有1,1,2及3个切点;在过树容蛇肝mtDNA上各有4,1,1和2个切点。根据mtDNA的单酶、双酶和部份酶解片段的分析,建立了三索线蛇及过树容蛇肝mtDNA的限制酶图谱。     

短小芽孢杆菌质粒pCJ3的限制酶切图谱

从短小芽孢杆菌A3菌株分离的具四环素抗性质粒pCJ3,经电泳法及氯化铯密度梯度法纯化后在琼脂糖凝胶电泳上得到2条带,经电镜观察及限制酶切割证实是一种质粒的两种构型——超线团及开环DNA分子。纯化质粒用13种限制酶进行酶切试验,发现其中有BamH I、Ava I、Xba I切点1个,EcoR I、Pst I、Bgl I、Hinc Ⅱ及Xho I切点2个、Hinf I、Sal I及Bel I切点3个,Hha I切点5个,Hind Ⅲ没有切点。用BamH I、EcoR I、Ava I及Xba I进行双酶解,并根据双酶解后的琼脂糖凝胶电泳带估算出各个片段的分子量,作出质粒pCJ3的4种限制酶的酶切图谱。     

极端嗜热厌氧纤维素分解菌基因文库的构建及其内切葡聚糖酶基因片段的克隆

以从云南邦拿掌温泉中分离、纯化的高温厌氧纤维素分解菌邦2菌(Cadicellulosiruptor)为材料,制备其总DNA,经限制性核酸内切酶EcoRⅠ部分酶切后,在T4DNA连接酶的作用下与经EcoRⅠ完全酶切、去磷酸化的质粒载体pUC18连接,然后转化E.coliJM109,建立了邦2的基因文库,经筛选鉴定得到6.3×103个重组子;重组子经刚果红平板验证:约有23.5%菌落呈现透明圈;重组子经EcoRⅠ酶切验证显示:重组质粒均含有外源DNA插入片段.结果表明已克隆到邦2菌纤维素酶系中的内切葡聚糖酶基因(ED基因)片段.     

致弱Ⅰ型MDV pp38基因同源物的克隆和序列分析

将致弱Ⅰ型马立克氏病病毒(MDV)感染的细胞基因组DNA的EcoRⅠ酶切产物建于Puc18质粒载体文库中,以digoxingenin标记的含有强毒GA株MDV pp38基因克隆片段作为探针,进行原位杂交反应,初步筛选出阳性重组质粒,进一步用EcoRⅠ酶切分析筛选到含pp38基因同源物的重组Puc18质粒. 序列分析表明该pp38基因同源物与pp38基因有极高的同源性,仅有1个碱基突变并导致1个氨基酸的替换.     

嗜麦芽假单胞菌质粒pSH1的限制图谱及km^r标记的克隆

对嗜麦芽假单胞菌Ｐ２菌株的质粒ｐＳＨ１进行了限制酶切分析，确定了Ｂｇ１ Ⅱ，ＥｃｏＲ Ⅰ，Ｐｓｔ Ⅰ，Ｘｂａ Ⅰ，ＢａｍＨ Ⅰ，Ｂｇｌ Ⅰ，及Ｐｖｕ Ⅱ共７种限制性内切酶在ｐＳＨ１，质粒上的切割位点，前４种酶均为单一切点，后３种依次为２，７，５个切点。通过双酶切和部分酶切的方法绘制了ｐＳＨ１质粒的限制酶切图谱。将ｐＧＰ１－２质粒上的卡那霉素抗性基因片段插入ｐＳＨ１，获得了重组质粒ｐＳＨ２．ｐＳＨ２     

青鱼线粒体DNA限制性酶切图谱的研究

用10种限制性内切酶对青鱼(Mylopharyngodonpiceus)的肝脏mtDNA进行了分析,其分子质量为9 949×106u,分子大小约为16 60kb.PstⅠ、EcoRⅠ、XhoⅠ、HindⅢ、BamHⅠ、PvuⅡ、SalⅠ、XbaⅠ、BglⅡ、BglⅠ在青鱼的mtDNA分子上分别具有0、3、1、4、4、3、2、2、2、3个切点.根据单酶解及双酶解结果建立了青鱼mtDNA的限制性酶切图谱.     

大肠杆菌F107菌毛A亚单位基因的克隆与鉴定

用PCR技术，从水肿病大肠杆菌临床分离株中扩增出F107A亚单位基因（fedA)的510bp的全序列。将该PCR扩增产物在BamHⅠ和EcoR Ⅰ位点克隆进pUC18质粒载体，并转化大肠杆菌TG1，再根据限制性内切酶酶切分析筛选出含有fedA的重组质粒pf107G。将重组质粒进行序列测定，结果表明，此重组质粒中的插入序列与发表的fedA是一致的，证明该重组质粒就是含有fedA基因的重组质粒。     

pUB110 DNA分子的紧密型结构

经0.1%鸭血烯酸钠处理或经37℃溶菌酶作用的Bacillus subtilis BD366菌体,按碱法提取pUB110 DNA,可得到SC(超螺旋),OC(开环)和CT(Com-pact type,紧密型)结构的分子。SO和OC分子均可被EcoRⅠ,BamHⅠ和BglⅡ切成线状分子,但CT分子却不能。对pUB110DNA具有多切点的限制性内切酶Sau 3AⅠ对CT分子也不起作用。经86℃保温或沸水浴处理,CT分子能转变成SC和OC型,并可被Sau 3AⅠ酶切降解,推断CT结构可能是质粒的原始构型。     

弹性蛋白酶保护因子--Elafin结构基因腺病毒载体穿梭质粒的构建、鉴定及表达

构建能表达弹性蛋白酶保护因子———elafin基因腺病毒表达载体的穿梭质粒,为进一步包装能高效表达结构蛋白的腺病毒载体做准备.以含有elafin基因的真核质粒pEGFP-N1-Elafin为模板,PCR扩增elafin基因,PCR产物以SalⅠ、EcoRⅤ双酶切,定向插入到腺病毒穿梭质粒pAdTrack-CMV中CMV启动子下游SalⅠ与EcoRⅤ位点之间,获得重组腺病毒穿梭质粒pAdTrack-CMV-Elafin,通过SalⅠ及EcoRⅤ双酶切、PCR及插入片段序列测定对该质粒进行鉴定,将pAdTrack-CMV-Elafin转染293细胞,以RT-PCR及Western-Blot检测其在293细胞中的瞬时表达.结果表明:双酶切、PCR及测序鉴定证实,pAdTrack-CMV-Elafin穿梭质粒的插入片段为elafin基因,用pAdTrack-CMV-Elafin穿梭质粒转染293细胞后可见绿色荧光蛋白的表达,RT-PCR和Western-blotting表明其可在293细胞中瞬时表达.     

小鼠白细胞介素-18的克隆及真核表达质粒的构建

克隆小鼠白细胞介素-18（mIL-18）,并与真核表达质粒pcDNA3.1/HisB重组,构建真核表达重组质粒.采用RT-PCR,从小鼠肝细胞中扩增IL-18的全长cDNA.经Hind Ⅲ,EcoR Ⅰ双酶切,将该cDNA片断插入表达载体pcDNA3.1/HisB.通过酶切、PCR及测序对重组体进行鉴定.经鉴定,重组质粒构建正确,成功构建了真核表达载体pcDNA3.1/mIL-18,为下一步进行IL-18的功能研究奠定了基础.     

蓖麻蚕蛹mtDNA的限制性内切酶图谱

采用碱变性法制备蓖麻蚕蛹ｍｔＤＮＡ，经九种限制性内切酶单酶和双酶酶解后，琼脂糖凝胶电泳检测酶切位点数和酶切片段长度。根据片段的大小确定消失片段与新生片段关系，通过对片段重叠、拼接、判断各片段邻近位置，从而构建了９种限制性内切酶、共２４个酶切位点蓖麻蚕蛹ｍｔＤＮＡ酶切图谱。     

EcoRI核酸限制性内测酶切割Ad_5-DNA的动力学研究

本文用荧光扫描的技术研究了腺病毒5一型(Ad_5)DNA被EcoRI内切酶切割的动力学。这种技术能够定量地测定在琼脂糖凝胶上经溴乙锭染色的分离DNA片段的荧光强度,而且能根据各片段的荧光强度对切割时间的依赖关系,求得相应切割位点的切割速度。我们发现同一DNA分子上各切割位点的切割速度有着很大的差异,而且总的切割速度和酶—底物复合物的解离速度对酶浓度和温度有着明显的依赖性。切点两侧的碱基成分d(G-C)/d(A-T)比率高,则要求较多的活化能。     

Effect of novobiocin on initiation of DNA replication in Bacillus subtilis.

The initiation of DNA replication of small replicons in vitro involves conformational changes in the whole DNA molecule or in the region near to the replication origin. One striking finding has been the role of DNA gyrase (that is, the necessity for supercoiled structure) in the initial stage of ColE1 replication in vitro. However, little is known about the effect of gyrase on the initiation of replication of bacterial chromosomes in vivo. We have constructed a map of cleavage sites of restriction enzymes at the region of the origin of replication of the Bacillus subtilis chromosome (accompanying paper). This has now enabled us to examine the effect of novobiocin, a selective inhibitor of DNA gyrase, on the replication of the specific chromosomal segments near the origin and to seek a possible role for the gyrase in the initiation of chromosomal replication. We have found that only a limited segment of the chromosome at the origin region was replicated in the presence of novobiocin. This effect allowed us to locate the site of the origin of replication to within a DNA fragment of molecular weight 3.4 x 10(6).     

The transforming gene of Moloney murine sarcoma virus

A cleavage map of the Moloney murine sarcoma viral DNA was constructed and compared with that of a spontaneously occurring deletion mutant. By restriction enzyme analysis, it was shown that a region encompassing over 40% of the viral information was not essential for transformation or rescue of the deletion mutant. The transforming region was further localised by analysis of the transforming activity in tissue culture of isolated restriction fragments of linear duoble-stranded sarcoma viral DNA. In each case, DNA fragments that retained transforming activity preserved the cell-derived insertion sequences of the viral genome. Moreover, such transformants invariably expressed RNA specific to this region. By these two approaches, it was possible to demonstrate that the transforming region of the viral genome begins very near or within the cell-derived insertion sequences. Thus, the transforming gene of this mammalian sarcoma virus originates from within the mouse cell genome.     

Single-site enzymatic cleavage of yeast genomic DNA mediated by triple helix formation.

Physical mapping of chromosomes would be facilitated by methods of breaking large DNA into manageable fragments, or cutting uniquely at genetic markers of interest. Key issues in the design of sequence-specific DNA cleaving reagents are the specificity of binding, the generalizability of the recognition motif, and the cleavage yield. Oligonucleotide-directed triple helix formation is a generalizable motif for specific binding to sequences longer than 12 base pairs within DNA of high complexity. Studies with plasmid DNA show that triple helix formation can limit the operational specificity of restriction enzymes to endonuclease recognition sequences that overlap oligonucleotide-binding sites. Triple helix formation, followed by methylase protection, triple helix-disruption, and restriction endonuclease digestion produces near quantitative cleavage at the single overlapping triple helix-endonuclease site. As a demonstration that this technique may be applicable to the orchestrated cleavage of large genomic DNA, we report the near quantitative single-site enzymatic cleavage of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae genome mediated by triple helix formation. The 340-kilobase yeast chromosome III was cut uniquely at an overlapping homopurine-EcoRI target site 27 base pairs long to produce two expected cleavage products of 110 and 230 kilobases. No cleavage of any other chromosome was detected. The potential generalizability of this technique, which is capable of near quantitative cleavage at a single site in at least 14 megabase pairs of DNA, could enable selected regions of chromosomal DNA to be isolated without extensive screening of genomic libraries.     

抗汉滩病毒单抗3G1 scFv植物表达载体的构建

利用PCR方法，从含有3G1 scFv基因的重组质粒中扩增出抗体基因，并使基因两端携带合适的限制性酶切位点．将其克隆人植物表达载体pBI121，构建获得3G1 scFv-pBI121重组质粒．酶切鉴定及测序结果均证明重组质粒构建成功，将重组植物表达载体转入农杆菌LBA4404，为进一步构建转基因植物的研究奠定了基础．     

一类切换系统的鲁棒控制

考虑了一类标称系统存在共同Lyapunov函数的非线性不确定切换系统的鲁棒镇定问题·不确定性不满足匹配条件,分别设计出了经过状态反馈和输出反馈鲁棒控制器·在不确定项满足一定的限定条件下,使不确定闭环系统仍然具有共同Lyapunov函数,从而在任意的切换策略下,确保闭环系统在其平衡点处是渐近稳定的·最后的仿真说明了文中结论的正确有效性·     

一类线性不确定切换系统的鲁棒镇定

考虑一类标称系统存在统一Lyapunov函数的线性不确定切换系统的鲁棒镇定问题,在不确定项满足一定限定条件下,利用完备性条件和统一Lyapunov函数方法,设计出鲁棒状态反馈控制器,使闭环系统仍然具有统一Lyapunov函数,从而在任意的切换策略下,确保闭环系统在其平衡点处是渐近稳定的. 仿真结果表明所设计的控制器是有效的.     

多能硫杆菌RubisCO基因（rbcL－rbcS）的克隆及限制性内切酶图谱分析

以光合细菌圆球状红杆菌Ｒｈｏｄｏｂａｃｔｅｒｓｐｈａｅｒｏｉｏｄｅｓ的ｒｂｃＬ－ｒｂｃＳ基因为探针，与多能硫杆菌（Ｔｈｉｏｂａｃｉｌｌｕｓｖｅｒｓｕｔｕｓ）染色体ＤＮＡ酶切谱带进行Ｓｏｕｔｈｅｒｎ杂交，检测到了ｒｂｃＬ－ｒｂｃＳ基因的同源序列，又以ｐＵＣ９为载体，克隆了Ｔ．ｖｅｒｓｕｔｕｓ染色体ＤＮＡＰｓｔＩ酶切片段，构建成Ｔ．ｖｅｒｓｕｔｕｓ基因文库，并从这个基因文库中筛选到了含有ＲｕｂｉｓＣＯ基因的重组质粒，将其命名为ｐＳＤＬＳ－１０，进一步对ｐＳＤＬＳ－１０进行了限制性酶切分析，作出了ｐＳＤＬＳ－１０限制性内切酶图谱