长爪沙鼠Eef1a2基因的克隆与同源性分析

目的长爪沙鼠真核蛋白延长因子1a2(eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 2,Eef1a2)基因的克隆,测序和同源性分析。方法提取长爪沙鼠骨骼肌组织的mRNA,通过同源扩增和cDNA末端快速扩增技术(rapid amplification of cDNA ends,RACE)克隆Eef1a2 cDNA序列全长。通过DANSTAR软件比对长爪沙鼠和人类、大鼠、小鼠Eef1a2的cDNA和氨基酸序列,并分析其同源性。结果长爪沙鼠Eef1a2 cDNA序列全长1812 bp,编码区(coding sequence,CDs)1392 bp,编码463个氨基酸。其核苷酸序列与人类、大鼠和小鼠的同源性分别为88.6%,94.0%和93.8%;长爪沙鼠Eef1a2氨基酸序列与人类、大鼠和小鼠的同源性分别为100%,99.9%和99.9%。结论长爪沙鼠Eef1a2的核苷酸序列和氨基酸序列均与人、大鼠、小鼠高度同源。因此,长爪沙鼠可能是一种人类Eef1a2基因研究的理想模型。     

人RNA解旋酶基因家族新成员DVH的克隆与初步功能研究

一条长3446bp 的人类新基因cDNA已从胎脑cDNA文库中被克隆,该cDNA克隆包长2583bp的开放读框,推测编码一条长860个氨基酸残基的蛋白质,预测分子质量为96．8ku,通过同源性比较及profile搜索,预测氨基酸序列显示出DExH-BOX RNA解旋酶基因家族特有的7保守基序及已知RNA解旋酶氨基酸序列的较高同源性,进一步通过蛋白质结构模型同已知RNA解旋酶结构的比较,可以认定其为一条人类RNA解旋酶基因家族新成员,通过基因编码的氨基酸序列中基序II D－E－V－H残基将其命名为DVH（DEVHbox Helicase),生物信息学手段结合DVH基因表达谱分析结果可推定DVH可能在胎儿发育过程中起作用,由于解旋基因家族同人类遗传疾病关系密切,以上结果可指导DVH基因的进一步功能研究并提示该,基因作为疾病侯选基因的可能性。     

斜带石斑鱼三丁基锡结合蛋白基因的克隆与分析

采用RT-PCR和RACE方法获得了斜带石斑鱼(Epinephelus coioides)三丁基锡结合蛋白(tributyltin-binding protein,TBT-bp)肝脏基因的cDNA全长序列.TBT-bp基因cDNA序列全长836 bp,含696 bp的开放阅读框,编码231个氨基酸.虽然编码蛋白序列与牙鲆(Paralichthys olivaceus)和底鳉(Fundulus heteroclitus)TBT-bp2序列同源性不高(分别为52%、20%),但是保守的信号肽序列结构与二级结构分析提示它们属于同一蛋白家族.系统树分析表明,此次克隆得到的斜带石斑鱼三丁基锡结合蛋白基因cDNA序列属于2型三丁基锡结合蛋白(tributyltin-binding protein type2,TBT-bp2).斜带石斑鱼TBT-bp基因cDNA全序列的获得为海水养殖鱼类中三丁基锡的去毒代谢相关分子机理研究奠定了基础,对今后进一步进行种苗育苗的研发,并以此为依据提高其人工育苗及仔鱼成活率有重要意义.     

砷代谢相关的全长新cDNA的克隆和功能初步研究

从人胎脑中获得mRNA建立cDNA文库,通过大规模测序克隆出一人类新基因cDNA,全长2255bp,开放阅读框（ORF）1532bp,用4umol/砷刺激L－02细胞2周,与未用砷刺激的L－02细胞作表达谱基因芯片杂交,发现该基因在胂刺激L－02细胞中表达量上调3倍,用不同浓度砷染毒L－02细胞2周,与未用砷染毒辣的L－02细胞抽RNA转膜作Northern杂交,结果显示文艺基因在未染毒L－02名几乎不表达;而在砷染毒细胞中该基因的表达量明显增加,且有随剂量增加表达量亦增加的趋势;同时Northern结果显示在2,3kb处有单一条带,用不同浓度砷染毒L－02细胞2周,作细胞原位杂交,结果显示该基因在未染毒细胞中几乎不表达,在各染毒组细胞中均有表达,据此,认为这可能是一条新的全长砷代谢相关基因,经HUGO／GDB人类基因命名委员会的同意,命名为ARGI（arsenite related gene 1)。     

黄蜀葵查尔酮合成酶基因AmCHS克隆及序列分析

从黄蜀葵(Abelmoschus manihot) 花瓣中通过简并引物克隆得到查尔酮合成酶基因cDNA 核心序列,根据核心序列设计特异引物,再应用5′RACE 和3′RACE 技术分别扩增该序列的5′末端和3′末端序列,最后通过序列拼接获得黄蜀葵查尔酮合成酶基因（AmCHS）cDNA全序列.序列分析结果表明AmCHS cDNA编码区长1170 bp,编码389个氨基酸。其氨基酸序列与其它已知高等植物CHS基因具有很高的同源性,并且包含了CHS 具有的活性位点和催化位点等保守性位点.     

黄蜀葵查尔酮合成酶基因AmCHS克隆及序列分析

从黄蜀葵(Abelmoschus manihot) 花瓣中通过简并引物克隆得到查尔酮合成酶基因cDNA 核心序列,根据核心序列设计特异引物,再应用5′RACE 和3′RACE 技术分别扩增该序列的5′末端和3′末端序列,最后通过序列拼接获得黄蜀葵查尔酮合成酶基因（AmCHS）cDNA全序列.序列分析结果表明AmCHS cDNA编码区长1170 bp,编码389个氨基酸.其氨基酸序列与其它已知高等植物CHS基因具有很高的同源性,并且包含了CHS具有的活性位点和催化位点等保守性位点.     

甘蓝型油菜异胡豆苷合成酶(Strictosidine synthase)cDNA的克隆与分析

以无花瓣与正常甘蓝型油菜幼嫩花蕾(长度小于0.2 mm)建立的差异表达文库中发现的异胡豆苷合成酶基因（STR）的一个cDNA片段为基础,利用RACE方法获得了甘蓝型油菜的STR基因cDNA全序列BnSTR.序列分析表明BnSTR全长1408 bp,开放阅读框从第20个碱基到第1291个碱基,推导的蛋白序列与Arabidopsis thaliana, Lycopersicon esculentum, Oryza sativa, Rauvolfia manni, Catharanthus roseus和Oph     

海岛棉ERF族转录因子EREB6基因克隆特征分析

以电子克隆,同源扩增和RACE技术相结合的方法从海岛棉中克隆出了一条新基因,命名为EREB6,它包含一个669 bp长的开放阅读框,预期编码222个氨基酸长的蛋白质.序列分析发现预期蛋白含有一段核定位信号序列,GFP融合蛋白瞬时表达实验证明该蛋白定位于细胞核;含有一个保守的ERF域,属于ERF族;同源分析表明该转录因子...     

河蟹指环蛋白基因的克隆与组织分布

河蟹在水产养殖业中占据十分重要的地位。深入开展免疫防御机制的相关研究,是实现其健康养殖的可靠保障。通过RACE技术获得了河蟹指环蛋白基因的cDNA全长序列。通过RT-PCR法研究了该基因的组织分布和对鳗弧菌刺激的响应。河蟹指环蛋白基因的cDNA全长为1 257 bp,具有典型的指环结构域。河蟹指环蛋白基因在各检测组织中呈组成型表达。研究结果表明指环蛋白基因参与河蟹的多种生物学功能。     

广西产眼镜王蛇毒α-神经毒素基因的分子克隆及序列分析

为获得眼镜王蛇（Ophiophagus hannah，简称Oh）蛇毒α－神经毒素（α-NT）的基因序列，依据眼镜蛇科不同毒蛇种类来源的α－NT基因有较高的同源性，设计1对上下游引物，为克服引物带来模糊扩增，在蛋白编码部分再设计1对上下游特异引物，用Nacleospin RNA Kit法从3条活眼镜王蛇毒腺中提取mRNA，以3′端引物合成的cDNA作为模板进行PCR扩增反应，测定产物的核苷酸序列，得到全长474bp的眼镜王蛇cDNA基因核苷酸序列。该核苷酸序列的信号肽与眼镜蛇树属Pseudonnaja textilis(Pt)、海蛇Laticauda semifasciata(Ls)100%同源，与眼镜蛇南洋亚种Naja sputatrix (Ns)、银环蛇（Bungarus multicinctus)(Bm)96.8%同源；蛋白密码部分有83．3％与Ns、79．2％与Pt、76．4％与Ls、74．1％与Bm同源。信号肽后紧接着的72个氨基酸有90．3％与已发现的眼镜王蛇毒长链α-NT Toxin a同源，大约有73．6％与Toxin b、69．7％与Oh-4、66．7％与Oh-5、56．9％与Oh-6A和6B同源，并与α－银环蛇毒素54．2％同源。说明新发现的眼镜王蛇cDNA是一条长链α-NT基因。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the