柔嫩艾美尔球虫厦门株(Eimeria tenella)生物学研究

采用单卵囊分离方法从厦门地区饲养的鸡盲肠中获得艾美尔球虫,经显微观察、测量和感染实验,从寄生部位、卵囊形态、孢子化时间和潜伏期等指标测定,实验结果:采用琼脂板方法分离和挑选单卵囊方法进行感染效果理想,单卵囊感染小鸡成功率为60%.该球虫寄生在鸡盲肠部位,其余部位未发现,卵囊形态长卵圆形,长25.80(23.5～28.5),宽20.86(18.5～23.5),长/宽:1.23(1.21～1.27),27℃条件下孢子化时间为20 h.,潜伏期为146 h.与国内一些株进行比较存在差别,确定该艾美尔球虫为柔嫩艾美尔球虫(Eimeriatenella),并定名为柔嫩艾美尔球虫厦门株.     

柔嫩艾美尔球虫厦门株生物学（Eimeria tenella）研究

采用单卵囊分离方法从厦门地区饲养的鸡盲肠中获得艾美尔球虫．经显微观察、测量和感染实验．从寄生部位、卵囊形态、孢子化时间和潜伏期等指标测定．实验结果：采用琼脂板方法分离和挑选单卵囊方法进行感染效果理想。单卵囊感染小鸡成功率为60％．该球虫寄生在鸡盲肠部位．其余部位未发现．卵囊形态长卵圆形．长25．80(23．5～28．5)．宽20．86(18．5～23．5)．长／宽：1．23(1．21～1．27)．27℃条件下孢子化时间为20h．．潜伏期为146h．与国内一些株进行比较存在差别．确定该艾美尔球虫为柔嫩艾美尔球虫(Eimeria tenella)，并定名为柔嫩艾美尔球虫厦门株．     

柔嫩艾美耳球虫保守蛋白基因EtCHP40的分子特性研究

鸡球虫病是由几种艾美耳球虫寄生鸡肠道引起的一种危害严重的寄生虫病.目前,球虫病的防治主要依赖于药物,但由于药物长期广泛使用使鸡球虫对药物产生了严重的耐药性.为研究鸡球虫耐药性产生的分子机制,本实验室前期利用RNA-sequence对柔嫩艾美耳球虫地克珠利耐药株、马杜拉霉素耐药株与敏感株进行了转录组分析,获得敏感株与耐药...     

柔嫩艾美耳球虫早熟株的选育及其免疫原性研究

运用Jeffers(1975)法进行了柔嫩艾美耳球虫早熟株的选育，经过连续13代的选育，获得了柔嫩艾美耳球虫早熟株，该虫株的潜隐期为121h，比柔嫩艾美耳球虫亲本毒株的潜隐期提前了22h以上，免疫攻毒试验的结果表明柔嫩艾美耳球虫早熟株和其亲本毒株一样也具有免疫原性。     

柔嫩艾美耳球虫早熟株选育及相关生物学特性

为了研究柔嫩艾美耳球虫(Eimeria tenella)早熟株与母株之间基本生物学特性的差异,运用Jeffers创立的艾美耳属球虫早熟株选育方法对E.tenella进行了连续26代的早熟选育,并通过对早熟株与母株的孢子化卵囊大小、繁殖能力以及致病性等指标进行测定,分析E.tenella早熟株与母株之间基本生物学特性的差异.经过早熟选育后,其潜在期由母株的141 h缩短至118 h;早熟株的孢子化卵囊大小比母株的明显减小(P<0.05);繁殖能力与母株的相当(P>0.05);在致病性方面,4个剂量组的早熟株平均增重与对照组相比差异不显著(P>0.05),而母株组与对照组相比平均增重显著下降(P<0.05或P<0.01);4个剂量的早熟株组死亡率均为0,而母株组分别为0,25%,25%及31.3%;感染剂量越大,早熟株与母株间病变记分差异越显著.经选育的E.tenella早熟株具有潜在期缩短,致病性较母株弱以及繁殖力与母株相当等特点.     

堆形艾美耳球虫孢子化卵囊cDNA文库的构建及鉴定

构建堆形艾美耳球虫(Eimeria acervulina)孢子化卵囊cDNA表达文库,以筛选其功能性基因.用TRI-ZOL Reagent试剂提取堆形艾美耳球虫总RNA,再用Oligo(dT)12-纤维素柱从总RNA中分离mRNA,以mRNA为模板,RT-PCR法反转录合成cDNA第一链,用LD-PCR法扩增合成双链cDNA,经蛋白酶K消化、SfiⅠ酶切、CHROMA SPIN-400柱分离去除小于400 bp的片段后,将cDNA与已经SfiⅠ酶切的λTriplEx2载体按一定比例连接,经体外包装,建立堆形艾美耳球虫孢子化卵囊的噬菌体表达文库.随后测定文库容量为4.6×106pfu/mL,扩增文库的滴度为4.4×1010pfu/mL,重组率达到98%,插入片段大小为750~1 000 bp,并从扩增文库中扩增出了堆形艾美耳球虫巨噬细胞游走抑制因子基因片段.     

柔嫩艾美耳球虫感染对雏鸡肾脏病理损伤的探讨

14日龄海兰褐雏鸡80只,分为对照组和感染组。感染组每只鸡口服接种8.0×104个柔嫩艾美耳球虫孢子化卵囊,分别于接种后第0,3,6,9,12天,每组随机取鸡5只,心脏采血,测定血清尿酸和肌酐含量,同时取感染后第6天鸡的肾脏,观察其病理组织学变化。结果表明:感染组鸡的血清尿酸含量于感染后第3,6,9天显著升高了267.41%(p<0.01),81.41%(p<0.01)和52.09%(p<0.05),肌酐含量在感染后第3,6天也显著增加了63.61%(p<0.05)和81.80%(p<0.05);肾脏的实质细胞呈轻度的颗粒变性或水泡变性。提示:球虫感染导致雏鸡肾脏病理损伤。     

地克珠利对藏马鸡柔嫩艾美耳球虫病的疗效

在人工感染柔嫩艾美耳球虫（Eimeria tenella）的藏马鸡中进行了地克珠利预混剂、地克珠利饮水剂、氯苯胍的抗球虫试验，以卵囊减少率作为主要试验指标，观察其抗球虫效果。结果表明：地克珠利预混剂、地克珠利饮水剂卵囊减少率均为99．5％，相对增重率分别为84．9％和92．9％，而氯苯胍的卵囊减少率为95％，相对增重率为59．1％。表明地克珠利是一种高效的抗球虫药，能有效的控制藏马鸡柔嫩艾美耳球虫病。     

柔嫩艾美耳球虫对氯嗪苯乙菁和常山酮抗性快速诱导

诱导了柔嫩艾美耳球虫(Eimeriatenella)甘肃株对两种药物-氯嗪苯乙氰和常山酮的抗药性.增加实验动物数和球虫的接种剂量可加快柔嫩艾美耳球虫对氯嗪苯乙氰和常山酮抗药性的产生.每组动物用100只2～3周龄AA肉鸡,每只鸡接种2×10     

柔嫩艾美耳球虫(Eimeria tenella)"早熟株"对雏鸡免疫保护力的影响

实验采用人工培育的不同剂量柔嫩艾美耳球虫( E.tenella) “早熟株”接种雏鸡,测定出雏鸡血钠、血钾、血钙、血糖、血红蛋白的变化。结果表明,不同剂量的“早熟株”对所测定的雏鸡生理生化指标均有影响,其中2-0 ×104/ 只指标基本与对照组相同,对雏鸡有较好的保护作用,该剂量可作为未来弱毒苗的参考剂量。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.