茴香原生质体培养研究

以茴香（ＦｏｅｎｉｃｕｌｕｍｖｕｌｇａｒｅＬ．）幼苗茎切段在ＭＳ附近２，４－Ｄ１ｍｇ／Ｌ、６－ＢＡ０．５ｍｇ／Ｌ的培养基上诱导产生愈伤组织，经４～５次继代后形成胚性愈伤组织。将胚性愈伤组织转至ＭＳ＋ＮＡＡ１ｍｇ／Ｌ＋２，４－Ｄ０．５ｍｇ／Ｌ＋６－ＢＡ０．２５ｍｇ／Ｌ的液体培养基中培养，形成胚性细胞悬浮系。悬浮细胞在含有１．５％纤维素酶、１％果胶酶、０．５％蜗牛酶的混合酶液中酶解得到大量的原生质体，原生质体用修改的ＫＭ８Ｐ培养基中做液体浅层培养。２天后细胞发生一裂，两个月后形成０．５～１ｍｍ大小的小愈伤组织，转入含琼脂糖的固体培养基中３周后形成２～３ｍｍ的愈伤组织     

温度和光照等因素对荸荠试管球茎形成的影响

“桂林马蹄”和“余杭大红袍”的荸蔼茎尖接种在ＭＳ＋ＫＴ０．１ｍｇ．Ｌ＾－１地培养基上１５ｄ后,诱导出的试管苗在ＭＳ＋６－ＢＡ２．０ｍｇ．Ｌ＾－１＋ＮＡＡ１．０ｍｇ．Ｌａ＾－１培养基上增殖培养２５ｄ后,再经６０ｄ培养可诱导出试管球茎,供试两品种试管球茎形成的最适增减其分别为ＭＳ＋６－ＢＡ１．０ｍｇ．Ｌ＾－１＋蔗糖９０ｇ．Ｌ＾－１和ＭＳ＋６－ＢＡ０．８ｍｇ．Ｌ＾－１＋蔗糖９０ｇ．Ｌ＾－１,最适培养条件     

虎眼万年青不同形态发生途径激素调控的初步研究

用虎眼万年青鳞片外植体在ＭＳ培养基上实现了不同形态发生途径的激素调控。结果显示，生长素和细胞分裂素两类激素的不同组合和浓度搭配都是影响形态发生途径的关键因素，甚至前者更为重要。就最佳激素组合和浓度搭配而言，ＮＡＡ０．５ｍｇ／Ｌ＋ＢＡ０．５ｍｇ／Ｌ和ＮＡＡ０．５ｍｇ／Ｌ＋ＫＴ０．５ｍｇ／Ｌ分别诱导体细胞胚和不定芽直接发生；２，４－Ｄ４．０ｍｇ／Ｌ＋ＢＡ１．０ｍｇ／Ｌ诱导愈伤组织；２，４－Ｄ０．１ｍｇ     

Hg^2＋对玉米幼苗膜脂过氧化防御系统的影响

用控制营养液Ｈｇ＾２＋量（０ｍｇ／Ｌ，０．３ｍｇ／Ｌ，０．６ｍｇ／Ｌ）的方法培养玉米幼苗，得到３种Ｈｇ＾２＋水平的玉米幼苗叶片为材料，研究不同Ｈｇ＾２＋水平对玉米幼叶膜透性及其膜脂过氧化防御系统的影响，结果表明，经Ｈｇ＾２＋处理的玉米幼叶膜相对透性和丙二醛含量显著上升；ＳＯＤ活性呈“先上升后下降”趋势，而ＰＯＤ，ＣＡＴ活性呈明显下降趋势。且０．６ｍｇ／ＬＨｇ＾２＋处理的各项指标变化幅度均大于０．３     

番木瓜体细胞胚发生及发育的影响因素

研究了影响番木瓜（Ｃａｒｉｃａｐａｐａｙａ）体细胞胚发生、发育的一些因素．结果表明：①番木瓜无菌小苗幼根在附加ＮＡＡ１．０ｍｇ／Ｌ＋ＫＴ０．５ｍｇ／Ｌ＋ＧＡ３０．５ｍｇ／Ｌ的改良ＭＳ培养基上可诱导出大量具良好胚性潜能的愈伤组织；②愈伤组织在附加ＮＡＡ０．２５ｍｇ／Ｌ＋ＫＴ０．２５ｍｇ／Ｌ的改良ＭＳ培养基上可连续继代并得到胚性化；③在所试验的激素种类中，ＫＴ是适于体细胞胚的发育，最适浓度为０．５ｍｇ／Ｌ；④０．１％～０．３％的活性炭有利于体胚的发生、发育；⑤体细胞胚在固体培养基上完成球形胚期前的发育，在液体培养液中完成球形胚期后的发育可提高成熟体胚的产量和质量     

蛇床愈伤组织的形态发生及植株再生

蛇床幼茎外植体在ＭＳ＋２，４－Ｄ２ｍｇ／ｌ＋ＫＴ０．２ｍｇ／ｌ培养基上形成淡黄绿色松软状愈伤组织。愈伤组织在转入培养基ＭＳ＋ＮＡＡ０．２ｍｇ／ｌ＋２Ｔ０．８ｎｇ／ｌ以后分化出不定芽，在１／２ＭＳ＋ＩＡＡ２ｍｇ／ｌ培养基中可产生不定根，进而发育成为完整植株。愈伤组织在ＭＳ＋２，４－Ｄ０．２ｍｇ／ｌ＋ＺＴＺＴ０．４ｍｇ／ｌ培养基中继代３～４次以后，再转入ＭＳ＋ＮＡＡ０．２ｍｇ／ｌ＋ＺＴ０．８ｍｌ／ｌ培养基中继代１～２次，形成了大量胚状体。胚状体经过球形胚、心形胚、鱼雷胚和子叶胚最终发育成再生植株。器官发生和体细胞胚胎发生这两种形态发生方式在发生顺序、形态特征和所需激素条件等方面都是不同的。     

不同品种红豆草的组织培养与植株再生

对栽培红豆草２个种的８个品种进行了组织培养，均得到了胚性愈伤组织，并有４个品种再生植株。附加２，４－Ｄ１ｍｇ／Ｌ、ＫＴ ０．５－１ｍｇ／Ｌ的ＭＳ培养基是诱导细胞胚胎发生和保持胚性所必需的。基因型和外植体的来源在胚性愈伤组织的诱导和保持中起着重要的作用。     

铜与丙酮醛双（N,N‘—二丁基）缩氨基硫脲显色反应的研究

在ｐＨ＝５－１２的乙醇水溶液中,Ｃｕ６２＋与丙酮醛双,Ｎ．Ｎ‘－缩氨基硫脲可形成１：１型络合物,其λｍａｘ＝４８８ｎｍ,ε４８８＝１．０９×１０＾４Ｌ．ｍｏｌ＾－１．Ｃｕ＾２＋浓度在０－５．０ｍｇ／Ｌ内服从比耳定律;若用氯仿萃取后测定,其ε４８８＝１．７７×１０＾５Ｌ．ｍｏｌ＾－１ｃｍ＾－２,Ｃｕ＾２＋浓度在０－０．５０ｍｇ／Ｌ内服从比耳定律。     

苜蓿组织培养体细胞胚发生的细胞学观察

苜蓿无菌苗下胚轴在含２ｍｇ／Ｌ２．４－Ｄ和０．５ｍｇ／Ｌ６ＢＡ的ＭＳ培养其中诱导出愈伤组织，愈伤组织在含有３ｍｇ／ＬＮＡＡ和１．５ｍｇ／ＬＫＴ的ＳＨ培养基中形胚性愈伤组织，并伴随有体细胞胚的发生。     

偶氮胂III光度法测定水中钙镁

基于Ｃａ＾２＋、Ｍｇ＾２－与偶氮胂ＩＩＩ的络合作用,建立了二的光度测定方法。Ｃａ＾２＋、Ｍｇ２＋分别在０～１．２ｍｇ／Ｌ、０～０．６４ｍｇ／Ｌ范围内服从比尔定律,已用于清洁水样中Ｃａ＾２＋、Ｍｇ２＋的测定。     

S－3307对玉米苗期耐盐性影响的研究

在玉米一叶一心期，分别用自来水、２％ＮａＣｌ、２％ＮａＣｌ＋２０ｍｇ·Ｌ（－１）的Ｓ—３３０７、２％ＮａＣｌ＋３０ｍｇ·Ｌ（－１）的Ｓ—３３０７进行处理，定期观察其形态变化并测定生理指标，结果表明，在盐胁迫条件下用Ｓ－３３０７处理后，其耐盐性有所提高．具体表现为：含水量提高，脯氨酸、丙二醛积累减少，膜透性变小，叶绿素含量增加，渗透压、呼吸强度及形态上均呈规律性变化．     

手性固定相合成中原料YWG-NH_2与Spher-NH_2性能的比较

利用液相色谱手性固定相进行手性分离的研究越来越多，因此手性固定相的合成也就成了该项研究中必不可少的关键问题．在手性固定相的合成中氨丙基硅胶作为手性固定相的键合基体，其性质的好坏直接影响手性固定相的手性分离能力．分别利用国产和进口分装的氨丙基硅胶作基体，合成结构完全相同的手性固定相，结果表明进口的氨丙基硅胶合成的手性固定相的性能优于用国产氨丙基硅胶合成的手性固定相，并论述了可能产生这种差别的原因．     

兔ES样细胞系的建立及其特性分析

报道从２３７枚家兔胚胎中建成７个可连续传代的ＥＳ样细胞系。建系条件为，使用小鼠原始胚胎成纤维细胞（ＭＥ）作饲养层，以含１０％胎年血清和１０％兔血清的ＤＭＥＭ／Ｆ１２为培养基，添加白血病抑制因子（ＬＩＦ）或上皮生长因子（ＥＧＦ），胚龄为９０，９６ｈ。该细胞系的细胞。在许多方面类似于小鼠ＥＳ细胞，具干细胞的形态特征，呈集落型生长，可连续传代并保持其形态特征，具有一定的自发分化和诱导分化的能力，悬浮培养     

Human embryonic stem cell lines derived from single blastomeres

The derivation of human embryonic stem (hES) cells currently requires the destruction of ex utero embryos. A previous study in mice indicates that it might be possible to generate embryonic stem (ES) cells using a single-cell biopsy similar to that used in preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD), which does not interfere with the embryo's developmental potential. By growing the single blastomere overnight, the resulting cells could be used for both genetic testing and stem cell derivation without affecting the clinical outcome of the procedure. Here we report a series of ten separate experiments demonstrating that hES cells can be derived from single blastomeres. In this proof-of-principle study, multiple biopsies were taken from each embryo using micromanipulation techniques and none of the biopsied embryos were allowed to develop in culture. Nineteen ES-cell-like outgrowths and two stable hES cell lines were obtained. The latter hES cell lines maintained undifferentiated proliferation for more than eight months, and showed normal karyotype and expression of markers of pluripotency, including Oct-4, SSEA-3, SSEA-4, TRA-1-60, TRA-1-81, nanog and alkaline phosphatase. These cells retained the potential to form derivatives of all three embryonic germ layers both in vitro and in teratomas. The ability to create new stem cell lines and therapies without destroying embryos would address the ethical concerns of many, and allow the generation of matched tissue for children and siblings born from transferred PGD embryos.     

玉米茎尖培养研究(Ⅱ)--体细胞胚胎发生的组织细胞学研究

以玉米茎尖分生组织为外植体，在离体培养条件下诱导体细胞胚胎(胚状体)发生。组织细胞学观察表明，玉米茎尖分生组织在离体培养条件下可直接产生胚性愈伤组织，后者在继代培养中发生胚状体。多数胚状体起源于愈伤组织的表层细胞和表层之下的几层细胞，少数产生于愈伤组织的较深层。胚状体发生于单细胞，发育过程与合子胚大致相似。多数胚状体发育正常，具有一个芽端和一个胚根端。少数胚状体形成具多个芽端而共用一个胚根端的次生连体胚。胚状体发生不同步。胚状体只有在分化培养基上才能发育成熟。     

牛胚胎体外生产技术的应用研究

利用屠宰牛卵巢抽出的卵母细胞，以卵裂率和囊胚发育为标准，对牛胚胎体外生产过程进行了简化试验，结果显示：不加卵丘细胞的高密度卵母细胞体外成熟（１００－２００枚／平皿）可代替加卵丘细胞标准密度培养，其卵裂率和囊胚发育率没有显著变化，体外授精时间可从成熟培养后２２小时延长至２７小时，卵裂率和囊胚发育率均没有显著变化。卵母细胞体外成熟后可以不经洗涤直接移入受精滴，原成熟培养皿内残留孵丘细胞再培养４８小时形     

Embryonic stem cell as nuclear donor could promote in vitro development of the heterogeneous reconstructed embryo

The nucleus of a somatic cell could be dedifferentiated and reprogrammed in an enucleated heterogeneous oocyte. Some reconstructed oocytes could develop into blastocysts in vitro, and a few could develop into term normally after transferred into foster mothers, but most of cloning embryos fail to develop to term. In order to evaluate the efficacy of embryonic stem cell as nucleus donor in interspecific animal cloning, we reconstructed enucleated rabbit oocytes with nuclei from mouse ES cells, and analyzed the developmental ability of reconstructed embryos in vitro. Two kinds of fibroblast cells were used as donor control, one derived from ear skin of an adult Kunming albino mouse, and the other derived from a mouse fetus. Three types of cells were transferred into perivitelline space under zona pellucida of rabbit oocytes respectively. The reconstructed oocytes were fused and activated by electric pulses, and cultured in vitro. The developmental rate of reconstructed oocytes derived from embryonic stem cells was 16.1%, which was significantly higher than that of both the adult mouse fibroblast cells (0%-3.1%, P < 0.05) and fetus mouse fibroblast cells (2.1%-3.7%, P < 0.05). Chromosome analysis confirmed that blastocyst cells were derived from ES donor cell. These observations show that reprogramming is easier in interspecific embryos reconstructed with ES cells than that reconstructed with somatic cells, and that ES cells have the higher ability to direct the reconstructed embryos development normally than fibroblast cells.     

木槿愈伤组织继代培养在不同培养基上的变化

木槿下胚轴在MS附加2,4-D(0.5mg/l)、激动素(0.1mg/l)和3％蔗糖的培养基(MS_1)上诱导出愈伤组织。将愈伤组织分别转移到不同培养基上,在特定培养基上可以发生根、芽和体细胞胚,并萌发成苗。组织切片观察了胚和器官的形态建成。最后,文中就激素、蔗糖浓度以及愈伤组织类型对形态建成的影响作了讨论。     

天然汁对绞股蓝愈伤组织增殖的效应

以５种天然汁代替激素２,４－Ｄ、ｋｔ对绞股蓝愈伤组织增殖效庆进行研究,结果表明：所用５种天然汁以玉米汁的效应最佳,最佳浓度为７．５ｍＬ．Ｌ＾－１,其次是荸荠 汁,最佳浓度为１０．０ｍＬ．Ｌ６－１。