奶牛生物（活菌）饲料的研究

以酒精糟、白酒糟、碎玉米、啤酒糟等为原料，添加尿素、（NH4）2SO4及营养液F，采用“液体种子培养，多菌种混合固态发酵技术”生产奶牛生物（活菌）饲料。饲料粗蛋白平均含量36．55％、提高率1635％；酵母菌、有效细菌总数及活菌率分别为：7．85×10^8个g、7．11×10^9个，g和82．2％；β-淀粉酶1356mg／（g．h）、纤维素酶168um／（g．h）、中性蛋白酶1088ug／（g．min）、碱性蛋白酶372ug/（g·min）、糖化酶110u／（g．h）；VA80IU／（100g）、VB：2．35mg／（100g）、VD2945IU／（100g）、VC1．1mg／（100g）、烟酸10．7mg／（100g）。     

发酵啤酒糟生产饲料蛋白的研究

利用热带假丝酵母（Ｃａｎｄｉａｔｒｏｐｉｃａｌｉｓ）、绿色木霉（Ｔｒｉｃｈｏｄｒｍａｌｉｇｎｏｒｕｍ），白地霉（ＧｒｉｅｏｔｒｉｃｈｕｍｃａｎｄｉｄｕｍＬｉｎｋ）、黑曲霉（ＡｓｐｅｒｇｉｌｌｕｓＮｉｇｅｒ）、米曲霉（Ａｓｐｅｇｉｌｌｕｓｏｒｙｚａｌ）等五株菌混合发酵啤酒糟生产饲料蛋白，提高饲料的利用价值，并改善了啤酒糟的适口性。通过五种菌株的协同作用使啤酒糟中的非氮物质转化为蛋白质，没被利用的多糖物质和如纤维素，半纤维素及部分淀粉转化为被消化吸收的低聚糖、双糖和单糖。在同一条件下，同一时间内各种菌株相互间协调，各自完成发酵的功能。培养基为啤酒糟８５％、玉米面１０％、麦麸５％。培养温度２８－３０℃，培养周期４８ｈ。分析结果表明：粗蛋白含量高达３２．８６％以上，氨基酸齐备，粗纤维降低到９．９％，具有较高的蛋白酶，果     

酿酒废水治理技术的研究

介绍了酿酒废水的主要处理方法，即酒精糟液回用法、培养饲料酵母法和生化处理法，着重介绍厌氧—好氧处理法，并通过工程实例，强调了酒精糟液生化处理过程中的运行条件及其控制方法．     

国外饲料开发动态

世界饲养业的迅速发展,促使禽、畜饲料紧缺日趋加重,为缓解供求矛盾,许多国家致力开发新的饲料来源,硕果累累。美国一家以玉米、黑麦和大麦芽酿酒的工厂,将蒸馏废液通过三效蒸发罐,使固形物3～4％的稀液浓缩成含固形物达47％的浆状,然后与干燥室出来的干糟拌和,制成馏干糟饲料。不仅增加了可溶性物质量,而且便于运输。日本菱和工程公司研制出将含水70～80％的啤酒糟干燥制成颗粒饲料的设备,每小时可处理30吨啤酒糟。干燥后的粉末状饲料,既可避免局部腐烂,还可在制粒时添加各种营养素。俄国一家果胶厂以棉桃壳为原料生产果胶与蛋白饲料。工艺流程是:备料,清除有机物和矿物杂质,清除壳中的多酚,水解提取果胶,分离提取液,将有机物含量转变为肥料,将残渣转变为蛋白饲料。     

乳酸与赖氨酸的环状二聚体的合成与表征

以D-丙氨酸（D-Alanine）和Z基团保护氨基的赖氨酸（Z-Lysine）为原料，通过一系列的有机反应合成含有乳酸与赖氨酸单体的环状二聚体。对合成过程中每一步中间反应的温度、时间及原料配比进行控制和研究。对合成的粗产物进行纯化，制备出产率为11．08％的环状二聚体单体。用红外光谱、核磁、熔点测定对合成的环状二聚体进行表征，得出所需要的产品。     

浑浊型玉米汁饮料稳定剂研究

主要对浑浊型玉米饮料稳定剂进行了研究,并确定了最佳稳定刺配方。实验表明：玉米汁饮料经调配后,配以黄原胶0．08％,海藻胶0．15％,CMS—Na0．10％,瓜尔豆胶0．02％,CMC—Na0．08％和单甘酯0．05％,此时所制得的产品稳定性最佳     

水解羽毛粉替代进口鱼粉饲养肉鸡和生长肥育猪试验

4000只21—63日龄肉鸡和32头20—50kg生长肥育猪生长试验表明,用水解羽毛粉替代肉鸡日粮中50％、75％的秘鲁鱼粉时,鸡的生长速度和饲料报酬不变;用水解羽毛粉替代生长肥育猪日粮中50％、75％、100％的秘鲁鱼粉时,猪的生长速度和饲料报酬亦不变。用水解羽毛粉替代秘鲁鱼粉生产肉鸡和生长肥育猪日粮,每吨可降低费用60元,同时应适当添加赖氨酸和蛋氨酸。     

各地科研院所成果信息

酒精浓醪,糟液处理及增值技术 该技术采用浓醪高温发酵酵母及相应技术措施,可使发酵醪酒精浓度提高到11.5％,糟液排放量降至11吨/吨酒精。糟液经专门固液分离设备分离后,滤饼含水量仅有45％左右。糟饼可烘干制成饲料,或接种多菌种通风培养制成蛋白饲料。     

福建甘蔗废糖蜜生物合成L-赖氨酸的研究

本文研究了以福建甘蔗糖蜜为原料生物合成L—赖氨酸。探索福建甘蔗糖蜜的化学成分、发酵培养基组成和培养条件对L—赖氨酸积累的影响,并进行扩大试验。结果表明:糖蜜比淀粉作为发酵培养基的碳源,其L—赖氨酸的产酸率较高。从扩大试验获得的精制品含L—赖氨酸98.9％。说明福建甘蔗糖蜜完全可以利用为碳源生产L—赖氨酸。本研究为福建糖蜜的利用开辟一条新的途径。     

生物转化啤酒糟为饲料蛋白的研究

利用对黑曲霉、白地霉、热带假丝酵母、产朊假丝酵母及添加纤维素酶混合发酵啤酒糟生产饲料蛋白质进行了初步的研究.正交试验结果表明,最佳原料配比为 m(啤酒糟 )∶ m(麸皮 )∶ m(豆粕 )=80∶ 15∶ 10,原料含水量为 60％,其最佳发酵条件为发酵温度 30℃ ,pH为 6.0,接种量为 2％,培养时间 3 d. 成分分析结果表明,发酵产物营养丰富,粗蛋白含量达 41.52％.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-