藻粉中叶黄素提取工艺的优化

采用酶提取法对藻粉中叶黄素提取工艺进行研究,实验分别考察了不同提取剂、不同种类酶、酶的使用量、酶解时间及搅拌时间对叶黄素提取的影响。在单因素实验的基础上,选取影响较大的3个因素采用L9(33)正交实验考察对叶黄素提取的影响,以叶黄素提取量为指标,确定了最佳工艺条件:酶液添加量为5mL,酶解时间2.5h,磁力搅拌时间2.5h,此条件下叶黄素最佳提取量为2.18mg/g。     

超声波辅助双酶法提取假酸浆总黄酮及抑菌性检测

采用超声波-双酶法提取假酸浆中总黄酮,考察纤维素酶和果胶酶共同作用时酶解时间、酶解温度、pH值以及酶用量对假酸浆中总黄酮提取的影响,考察假酸浆黄酮对几种病菌的抑制作用。结果表明:超声波辅助双酶法提取假酸浆黄酮的最佳工艺条件是:pH值4.6、酶解温度55℃、加酶比(果胶酶:纤维素酶)3∶1、酶解时间70min,此条件下假酸浆中总黄酮的提取率是5.63%。假酸浆中总黄酮对大肠杆菌、青霉菌、沙门氏菌、和枯草芽孢杆菌有明显的抑制作用,最低抑菌浓度分别为:1.25、2.5、2.5、5mg/mL。     

大球盖菇原生质体制备及紫外诱变

对大球盖菇（Stropharia rugoso-annulata）原生质体制备的条件进行了研究,并确定了最佳条件组合:选用15 g/L的纤维素酶+15 g/L的蜗牛酶的混合酶来酶解菌丝,0.6 mol/L的甘露醇作为渗透压稳定剂,菌龄为3d,酶解温度30℃,酶解时间2.5h,在此条件下制得的原生质体产量最高达1.70×...     

米曲霉F16原生质体的制备和再生研究

目的:研究菌龄、酶液组成、酶解时间、酶解温度、渗透压稳定剂、培养基成分等因素对米曲霉F16原生质体制备和再生的影响。结果表明,米曲霉原生质体制备和再生的最佳条件是:菌龄15h,酶液为0.75%纤维素酶、0.75%蜗牛酶、0.5%溶菌酶的混合酶液,酶解时间2.5h,温度为28℃,最适原生质体再生培养基为含有0.6mol/LNaCl的PDA培养基。     

一株内生真菌的原生质体制备及再生过程研究

通过对酶系组成和酶解条件的研究,得出了制备禾本科植物内生真菌Neotyphodiumsp.原生质体的最佳条件:鲜菌丝由10.3%蔗糖溶液预处理,酶系组成为1.5%崩溃酶、1.0%蜗牛酶、1.0%纤维素酶和2.0%溶菌酶,酶解温度32℃,pH 6.8,酶解5 h,原生质体得率达7.3×103个/mg鲜菌丝.另外,液体再生涂布平板法结合钙离子作用可使原生质体再生率达4.72%,为不含钙离子处理组的2.5倍.     

大豆蛋白酶解物抗氧化及促进微生物生长研究

研究Alcalase蛋白酶对大豆蛋白的水解作用,通过正交设计确定酶解最佳条件,探讨最佳水解条件下不同酶解时间酶解物的抗氧化性和促进微生物生长的作用.结果表明,酶解最佳条件为:pH 9.0、温度65℃、底物酶量比100 g/mL;酶解90 min的酶解物清除自由基能力最强,酶解30 min的酶解物对酵母菌生长有促进作用,酶解60 min酶解物对酵母菌的代谢作用显著;酶解60、90 min的酶解物对黑曲霉的生长均有较好的促进作用.可见,酶解时间不同,酶解物的抗氧化活性与促进微生物生长作用有差别.     

血管紧张素转换酶(ACE)抑制肽的酶法制备

以扇贝裙边的酶解产物——蛋白多肽对ACE活性的抑制率作为控制水解程度的指标,确定制备ACE活性抑制肽的最佳酶种及酶解工艺技术条件.通过胰蛋白酶、胃蛋白酶、木瓜蛋白酶、复合风味酶、枯草杆菌蛋白酶5种酶酶解扇贝裙边得到的蛋白多肽对ACE抑制能力的比较发现,5种酶在不同酶解时间所得到的酶解蛋白多肽都具有一定的ACE抑制能力,其中胃蛋白酶酶解蛋白多肽的ACE抑制率最高,为91.33%;再经L9(3)4正交实验对胃蛋白酶酶解工艺条件进行优化,确定酶解反应最佳条件是酶量400 U.g-底1物,pH 2.5,温度32℃,底物浓度(原料∶水)1∶2,酶解时间3 h;试验结果还表明,单酶(胃蛋白酶)的酶解蛋白多肽比复合酶(复合风味酶)和双酶(胃蛋白酶 木瓜蛋白酶)的酶解蛋白多肽对ACE活性的抑制能力都强.     

高压脉冲电场提取猪皮胶原蛋白

为了研究高压脉冲电场(PEF)对提取猪皮胶原蛋白的影响,在料液比1:10、枯草杆菌中性蛋白酶用量400U/g、酶解温度40℃、pH值6.5的条件下,分别改变电场强度、脉冲频率和酶解时间,用考马斯亮兰法测定胶原蛋白的浓度并计算其溶出率.结果表明,最适电场强度为25kV· cm-1、脉冲频率为40Hz、脉冲时间1s、酶解时...     

山楂单宁酶法降解工艺的研究

为改良山楂汁的色泽澄清度及口感,采用向山楂匀浆中加入不同比例的单宁酶以及控制不同的温度与时间酶解山楂中的单宁,测定酶解之后的单宁含量,通过单因素和正交实验优化工艺条件,得到酶解单宁的最佳条件.结果表明:酶解温度45℃、单宁酶在山楂匀浆中体积分数为0.4%、酶解时间为120 min时为最佳酶解组合.     

纤维素酶法提取花生壳中木犀草素工艺研究

研究纤维素酶法提取花生壳中木犀草素的最佳工艺条件。方法:采用紫外分光光度计在波长为n=408nm处测定木犀草素含量,以提取率为指标,分别考察了料液比、酶用量、酶解时间、酶解温度、回流时间对其含量的影响。纤维素酶酶解花生壳的最佳工艺条件:料液比1:8(w/v)、酶用量0.1%、酶解时间1.5h、酶解温度50℃、回流时间1.5h。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

The Analects and the Moment in Peking——The influence of a Confucian education system on the personality formation,the way of thinking and the fate of the main characters

0.Preface China has long been boasting of its colorful and immense culture which comprises of Taoism,Confucianism and Buddhism.The interwoven influence among the religions on Chinese way of thinking,on the nation＇s behavior in their social life throughout the long history is beyond list.