人工诱导海区长毛对虾多次产卵的初步研究

本文报导了在人工诱导和精养条件下，产卵后的海区长毛对虾能够再次成熟产卵，蓝且能多次产卵，最多同一个体产了四次卵。手术处理后亲虾的存活率为67．90％，成熟率为73．60％。较集中恢复成熟产卵是在手术后七天左右。产卵量为82200——285000粒／尾。第二次产卵后的亲虾经过五——八天的培育能产第三、第四次卵，成熟率分别为81．82％和20．00％。在卵径大小和幼体发育过程中与第一次所产的卵没有明显差别。     

应用松墨天牛繁育管氏肿腿峰技术的研究

人工繁育管氏肿腿蜂的温度范围为25—30℃，相对湿度范围为60％-80％。管氏肿腿蜂的发育速度与温度呈正比。在28℃、相对湿度70％、虫蜂比1：3的条件下，管氏肿腿蜂的发育历期较短，为24d，且子代蜂发育较好，寄生成功率达70％，单管最高出蜂量为143只，平均单管出蜂量为84．4只，平均每雌产蜂量（产卵量）为28．1只，雌雄比例为16：1。     

应用微孢子虫控制青海草地土蝗的研究

于１９８７～１９９１年引入蝗虫微孢子虫（ＮｏｓｅｍａＬｏｃｕｓｔａｅ简称Ｎ．Ｌ）对草地土蝗进行了防治试验。结果表明：室养东亚飞蝗接种后可以大量增殖Ｎ。Ｌ产孢量为１．１７×１０￣９孢子／虫，室养青海土蝗产孢量为４．１×１０￣６孢子／虫；大面积防治，青海草地土蝗的７个主要种均可感染Ｎ．Ｌ每６．７ａ有效浓度（０．５～１．０）×１０￣９孢子／ｍＬ其感染率为８６．６７％～９０．００％，感染的高峰出现在接种后的第２５～３５ｄ，校正虫口减退率，小区为６５．０７％～７１．７２％，大面积为７６．６２％；Ｎ．Ｌ在１０℃放置７２ｈ和光照４８ｈ后感染能力无明显影响，Ｎ．Ｌ啧施后次年的垂直感染率平均为３８％，感染后土蝗产卵量平均下降６８．４％。     

应用模糊综合评判进行马尾松种子园无性系评价

以平均单株有效产种量和种子园自由授粉子代家系３年生平均树高为评判因素，采用模糊评判方法，对马尾松种子园８７个无性进行了评价，入选率为６０％时，改建或重建无性系种子园的平均单株有效产种量可增加２９．１７％，其自由授偻子代的３年生平均树高提高３．１１％。     

二斑叶螨生物学研究

通过月季花上二斑叶螨的室内饲养，对其生物学特性进行了研究，研究结果表明：二斑叶螨在19．5～26．0℃变温条件下，其发育历期为16．2天，雌成螨在23．5～26．0℃变温条件下，寿命是12．54天，产卵量是27．63粒，平均日产卵量6．32粒，卵的孵化率为72．5％。     

贵蚕二号一代杂交种试繁比较

试验结果表明：贵蚕二号组合的原蚕结茧率高，体质强，单蛾产卵多，卵质优，克蚁制种和担桑制种增产显著。贵蚕二号原蚕结茧率和虫蛾率比我省现行当家种提高０．５８％和３．２２％，单蛾产卵增多１０．３１％；克蚁制种和担桑制种提高显著，分别提高１５．５８％和１２．０４％，种场繁育增效高。     

长角血蜱产卵的研究

采自山羊体上的吸血长角血蜱在实验条件下研究了其产卵情况,在９种不同湿度处理下,长角血蜱的产卵前期（从采集至开始产卵）差异不明显, 时间最短的是在室内自然环境下,仅４．４ｄ,最长的是在９０％这一处理中,达５．４ｄ。产卵期（开始产卵至产卵结束）表现为在低湿下,产卵期短,而在高湿下,产卵期长,产卵量表现为随着相对湿度的增加,平均每毫克体重的产卵量呈上升趋势,日产卵量的变化趋势基本一致,一般在开始产卵后第     

斜带石斑鱼亲鱼强化培育及自然产卵研究

通过对斜带石斑鱼（Ｅｐｉｎｅｐｈｅｌｕｓ ｃｏｉｏｉｄｅｓ）亲鱼进行强化培育,使其达到自然产卵的目的。强化培育的３批亲鱼（共９１尾）在７７ｄ里共产卵１２０天次,产卵量达２６２７６．８万粒,其中上浮卵１８４５２．９万粒,上浮卵率为７０．２％,上浮卵的受精率为９２．５％。另外,斜带石斑鱼的产卵与水温的关系密切,最适的产卵水温在２４～２７℃之间。     

磁化杯磁场对黄粉生长和繁殖的影响

将黄粉饲养在磁场强度为０．０２５～０．０４７Ｔ的磁化杯中，实验结果表明：能使蛹期缩短０．１９ｄ，成虫产卵量每雌增加１１８枚，卵孵化率增加２０．５％，幼虫体重增加３８．３％．因此，磁化杯磁场可以促进黄粉的生长繁殖，有一定的利用价值。     

深海适冷假交替单孢菌Pseudoaltermonas sp.SM9913产适冷蛋白酶的条件优化

对深海适冷假交替单孢菌Pseudoaltermonas sp．SM9913适冷蛋白酶的发酵产酶条件进行了优化．研究结果表明，在发酵培养基中添加一定量柠檬酸钠有利于提高产酶；较难分解利用的氮源，如豆粕、豆粉，能诱导适冷蛋白酶合成，而较易吸收利用的氮源，如豆粕水解液、蛋白胨、尿素、铵盐等，对产酶有抑制作用；添加表面活性剂吐温80和SDS能促进酶向胞外的分泌；钙、镁离子促进产酶，锌、铜、铁离子对产酶有抑制作用；发酵产酶是好氧过程，装液量较少对产酶比较有利；发酵培养基初始pH7．0～8．0利于产酶．在优化后的发酵条件下，Pseudoaltermonas sp．SM9913产适冷蛋白酶量较原来提高了约65％，为适冷蛋白酶向着工业化生产应用提供了基础数据．     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-