高浓度弛豫SiGe/SOI材料的制备研究

对SOl（绝缘体上的硅）衬底上外延生长的SiGe层进行了研究，并利用透射电镜、AES、Raman光谱、X-ray多晶衍射等技术对SiGe／SOI材料做了表征。结果表明：制备的材料中Ge／Si元素分布均匀，SiGe层是高度弛豫的，SiGe层中应变通过产生失配位错被释放出来。     

SiGe沟道SOI结构混合模式晶体管的设计与模拟

提出采用SiGe沟道SOI结构混合模式晶体管（SiGe SOI BMHMT）构成适合在低电压下工作的新型集成电路，该电路比CMOS电路具有更大的电流驱动能力和更好的性能，对不同导电类型的SiGe SOI BMHMT、SiGe SOI MOSFET、SOI BMHMT和SOI MOSFET器件进行了工艺模拟和器件模拟，结果表明，SiGe SOI BMHMAT由于应变SiGe层中空穴迁移率的提高，阈值电压降低。存在衬底栅极和横向双极晶体管，使得其驱动电流比其他结构器件的驱动电流明显提高。     

应变SiGe SOI p-MOSFET温度特性研究

SiGe SOI p-MOSFET在高频、高速、低功耗、抗辐射方面具有极大的优势。但二氧化硅埋层较低的热导率以及SiGe材料较低的热稳定性,使器件内部自加热效应的减弱或消除成为提高器件温度特性的关键因素。对应变SiGe SOI p-MOSFET温度特性机理进行研究,给出了三种缓解MOS—FET器件内部自加热效应的结构,并对其效果进行对比分析。结果表明：DSOI结构不适宜于低压全耗尽型SOI器件;Si3N4-DSOI结构对自加热的改善幅度较小;Si3N4埋层结构效果最好,尤其在低温领域改善更为明显。     

埋氧层对SOI/玻璃键合的影响及其键合工艺的改进

运用阳极键合技术,对绝缘体上硅(SOI)/玻璃进行阳极键合实验,发现当埋氧层厚度超过500nm时,键合很难成功.分析了SOI埋氧层厚度对耗尽层电压降及键合静电力的影响,得出由于埋氧层的分压作用,耗尽层的压降减小,键合静电力减弱,导致键合失败.通过设计高压直流和高压脉冲两种输出方式的电源系统,提高氧负离子的迁移速率从而提高键合速度.从平板式阳极引一根探针电极到SOI器件层表面,使键合电压直接加在耗尽层上,避免埋氧层厚度对键合的影响,提高键合静电力.实验表明,通过改进的键合设备能实现不同氧化层厚度的SOI片与玻璃间的键合,该设备还适用于其他异质材料间的阳极键合.     

SOI双槽隔离结构的耐压特性

理论推导了绝缘体上硅(SOI)双槽隔离结构的耐压模型.该模型表明,在SOI双槽隔离结构中,因隔离氧化层压降的不均衡,高压侧隔离氧化层提前发生介质击穿,从而导致SOI双槽隔离结构的临界击穿电压小于理论值.增大沟槽纵横比和减小槽间距可以减弱隔离氧化层上压降的不均衡性,提高SOI双槽隔离结构的临界击穿电压.Sentaurus器件仿真软件的模拟结果和华润上华半导体有限公司0.5μm 200 V SOI工艺平台下的流片测试结果均证明,减小槽间距和增大沟槽纵横比是提高双槽隔离结构临界击穿电压的有效方法,同时也证明了该耐压模型的正确性.     

退火对SOI材料电阻率的影响

在SIMOX SOI材料外延生长硅层时,存在电阻率较高的过渡层.对衬底研究表明,SOI层呈现高阻.采取不同温度对衬底进行退火,结果表明:合适的温度退火可以明显降低SOI层电阻率,对外延硅层后的SOI材料进行退火,也可以部分降低外延层电阻率,减少外延层中高阻层厚度.     

全耗尽SOI MOSFET亚阈值表面势的二维半解析模型

根据SOI MOSFET的工作原理,在SOI MOSFET的氧化层、耗尽层和埋氧化层分别引入矩形等效源,提出了电势二维分布的定解问题.再通过半解析法、傅里叶级数展开法和积分法相结合对每个区域的定解问题进行求解,得到了定解问题的二维半解析解,解得结果是无穷级数形式的特殊函数.计算和仿真结果表明,提出的模型求解时精度高,运算量较小,可用于的电路模拟程序.     

预氧化对高温CO2环境下典型耐热材料腐蚀行为的影响研究

为提高耐热材料在高温CO₂中的抗腐蚀性能，以耐热材料Sanicro 25、HR6W、HR230和740H为对象，经高温O₂短时预氧化后开展CO₂腐蚀实验。采用分析天平测量耐热材料腐蚀前后质量变化；利用X射线衍射仪、扫描电镜及能谱分析仪表征腐蚀产物形貌、成分及其分布。实验结果表明：预氧化后耐热材料在900℃CO₂中的腐蚀动力学曲线符合抛物线规律；预氧化后4种耐热材料表面氧化物主要为Cr的氧化物和少量零星团状的Fe氧化物，该富Cr氧化膜有效减低腐蚀行为的离子扩散，从而降低耐热材料的腐蚀质量增加；耐热材料Sanicro 25和HR6W表面腐蚀层厚度减薄，而740H内氧化加剧。结合耐热材料腐蚀质量变化与腐蚀产物，高温预氧化处理可提高HR6W和HR230的抗高温CO₂腐蚀性能。     

粘接层预氧化对热障涂层TGO生长与抗高温氧化性能的影响

利用预氧化技术在热障涂层(TBC)的陶瓷层/粘接层界面形成致密Al₂O₃层,经过1 100 ℃高温氧化试验,研究了该Al₂O₃层通过抑制氧气扩散,降低热生长氧化物(TGO)生长速率的作用机理,阐明了粘接层预氧化对整体热障涂层氧化行为的影响规律.结果表明:喷涂态(A-TBC)与预氧化(P-TBC)试样的TGO厚度及氧化增重均随氧化时间的延长而增长.但是,P-TBC显著减少了整个过程氧的扩散,有效抑制了氧化初期TGO的急速生长,使得P-TBC能够长期保持有益的TGO结构、降低抛物线氧化速率,并最终提高热障涂层抗高温氧化性能.     

ODS-310合金的高温氧化行为

采用静态氧化增重实验及扫描电镜、能谱分析和X射线衍射分析等手段,研究了ODS-310合金在高温环境下的氧化行为,分析了氧化层的形貌、成分和物相,并对其高温氧化动力学曲线进行拟合.实验发现各个温度下的氧化动力学曲线均基本符合抛物线规律.在700℃和900℃氧化100 h以后,ODS-310合金均表现出优异的抗氧化性能.但是,当氧化温度为1100℃时,氧化层厚度明显增厚,而且氧化层有疏松和不连续的现象,不利于氧化层对基体的保护.氧化程度随着氧化温度的提高和氧化时间的延长而加剧.通过能谱和X射线衍射综合分析可知氧化层的物相为Cr₂O₃.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to