HPLC测定茵栀黄方剂中4味药材的主要成分及含量

建立HPLC检测茵栀黄方剂中4味药材标准提取物化学成分的分析方法,并测定各提取物中绿原酸、1.3-二咖啡酰奎宁酸、异绿原酸B、异绿原酸A、异绿原酸C、栀子苷、黄芩苷、汉黄芩素、黄芩素、汉黄芩苷、千层纸素A及新绿原酸的含量.采用Diamonsil C₁₈(250 mm×4.6 mm, 5 μm)色谱柱,流动相为乙腈(A)-0.1%(体积分数)甲酸水溶液(B),梯度洗脱,流速 1.0 mL/min,柱温30 ℃.在该色谱条件下主要成分能得到较好的分离,稳定性、重复性及精密度良好,平均加样回收率为98.84% ~ 102.22%.该方法能简便有效地测定4味药材标准提取物中多种成分的含量,结果准确可靠,能为茵栀黄复方药材提取物的质量标准制定提供参考,为其主要化学成分分析提供依据.     

反相液相色谱法测定培养黄芩的有效成分

用HPLC法测定不同pH条件下培养的黄芩中黄芩甙、黄芩素的含量.结果表明:在一定的pH条件下黄芩甙、黄芩素的含量呈现有规律性的变化.在pH=5.8时最大,为组织培养黄芩提供了科学的依据.建立了测定黄芩中黄芩甙、黄芩素含量的反相液相色谱法:采用ZORBAXSB C18(150mm×4.6mm,3.5μm)色谱柱,流动相甲醇-水-磷酸(体积比60∶40∶0.2);用反相液相色谱法测定黄芩中黄芩甙和黄芩素的含量;该法的RSD分别为3.6%和5.8%(n=6),平均回收率分别为103.6%和101.8%.     

双黄连口服液和双黄连片中黄芩甙的含量测定

采用了反相高效液相色谱法测定双黄口服液和双黄连片中黄芩甙的含量.具体方法是采用C18色谱柱,以甲醇:水:冰醋酸=49.5:50:0.5为流动相,流速1.0ml/min,紫外光度检测器于波长277nm测定,实验结果表明黄芩甙浓度在0.05~0.20mg/ml时呈良好的线性关系,r=0.9988,在双黄连片中回收率为86.70%,RSD为2.27,在双黄连口服液中回收率为97.31%,RSD为2.10.采用本法测定双黄口服液和双黄连片中黄芩甙的含量,方法灵敏,快速,简便,准确,结果稳定,重现性好,能起到控制双黄连片和双黄连口服液质量的作用.     

流动注射化学发光测定黄芩甙

在碱性介质中,黄芩甙对铁氰化钾氧化鲁米诺产生的化学发光有较强的增敏作用,据此建立了流动注射化学发光测定黄芩甙的新方法.详细研究了各因素对化学发光反应的影响,在选定的最佳实验条件下,黄芩甙的浓度在5.0×10-8~3.0×10-6g/mL范围内与发光强度呈良好的线性关系.对浓度为1.0×10-6g/mL的黄芩甙进行11次平行测定,其相对标准偏差为3.86%.根据IUPAC的建议,计算得到的检出限(3σ)为1.0×10-9g/mL.将本法用于合成样品及尿样中黄芩甙的测定,获得满意结果.     

茵栀黄注射液对新生大鼠胆红素脑损伤的保护作用

目的:探讨茵栀黄注射液对新生大鼠胆红素脑损伤的保护作用.方法:175只7日龄SD大鼠随机分成正常对照组、脑损伤组、治疗组Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ,腹腔注射质量分数为120 mg/kg的胆红素溶液诱发新生大鼠脑损伤,治疗组Ⅰ、Ⅱ和Ⅲ新生大鼠建模同时每天分别腹腔注射质量分数分别为513.2、265.5和132.8mg/kg的茵栀黄注射液...     

黄芩黄酮对自由基的清除作用的ESR研究

采用电子自旋共振（ＥＳＲ）法和自旋捕获技术研究了中药黄芩中四种主要黄酮（黄芩素、黄芩甙、汉黄芩素和汉黄芩甙）的自由基清除作用及可能的作用机理．结果表明黄芩素和黄芩甙对羟自由基、超氧阴离子自由基、烷过氧自由基及ＤＰＰＨ自由基有较强的清除作用,而汉黄芩素和汉黄芩甙在测定浓度范围内对上述自由基作用较弱或无明显的清除作用．黄芩素和黄芩甙的自由基清除活性大大高于汉黄芩素和汉黄芩甙的原因是其结构中含有邻二酚结构     

复方银黄微型灌肠剂的稳定性研究

根据初均速法原理,对复方银黄微型灌肠剂进行加速破坏实验,以绿原酸（Ｃ１５Ｈ１８Ｏ９）和黄芩甙（Ｃ２１Ｈ１８Ｏ１１）的含量作为考察指标,用高效液相色谱法测定其含量变化,求得室温下有效期分别为２．４９年和１．８０年。     

双黄连口服液中绿原酸含量的影响因素研究

为找出双黄连口服液中绿原酸含量下降过快的原因,通过改进工艺达到改善双黄连口服液中绿原酸稳定性的目的。采用HPLC法测定各样品中的绿原酸含量,考察金银花提取、精制等环节的处理方法;通过拆分处方考察处方中其他药味及添加的各种辅料,如缓冲液、抗氧剂、增溶剂、络合剂对绿原酸稳定性的影响。结果表明:金银花混提、单提和提取温度对绿原酸的提取效率无显著影响;pH值是影响口服液中绿原酸含量变化的主要因素,通过调节口服液pH值的方法,改进了双黄连口服液的制备工艺,口服液中绿原酸的稳定性增强。考察了黄芩苷、缓冲液、抗氧化剂、增溶剂和络合剂5个影响绿原酸含量的因素,明确了缓冲液的影响最大,黄芩苷、抗氧化剂、增溶剂和络合剂影响较小。     

西红花甙精制工艺研究

对西红花提取物的精制品进行了分析,定性分析采用薄层色谱法,以西红花甙-1、甙-2为对照品,乙酸乙酯-甲醇-水(100:16.5:13.5)为展开剂,展开:定量分析则以西红花甙-1为基准物,采用分光光度法于432nm处进行测定.结果表明精制后的西红花甙含量明显高于精制前的含量,甚至是其一倍.     

用胶束毛细管电泳法测定清开灵注射液中的有效成分

采用胶束毛细管电泳法（ＭＥＣＣ）对清开灵注射液中有效成分黄芩甙（Ｂａｉｃａｌｉｎ）、绿原酸（Ｃｈｌｏｒｏｇｅｎｉｃａｃｉｄ）、去氧胆酸（Ｄｅｏｘｙｃｈｏｌｉｃａｃｉｄ）、胆酸（Ｃｈｏｌｉｃａｃｉｄ）及Ｌ－苯丙氨酸（Ｌ－ｐｈｅｎｙｌａｌａｎｉｎｅ）进行定量检测,其含量分别为１３．５、２．５８、０．７６０、０．９８０、０．０００ｇ／Ｌ,得到了满意的分离效果。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.