科尔曼的理性选择理论及其局限

理性选择理论存在的局限和不足,主要集中在三个方面:理性并非是完全理性;社会行为并非都是理性行为;个体理性与集体理性并非总是一致,团体行动并非一定遵守理性原则。同时理性选择理论对中国社会行为的解释存在着诸多问题,因此,理性选择理论要正确面对挑战,不断反思修正并使其逐步完善。     

公关人员的社会行为失范分析

随着社会经济的发展，公关人员作为一种职业受到企业和公司的青睐，但是目前公关人员的社会行为还存在着失范的现象，一方面是公关人员的庸俗思想；另一方面公关人员的“双边人”的角色存在着对立。本文从韦伯的社会行动类型理论出发，对公关人员的失范行为进行工具理性和价值理性的分析。     

行政行为公定力理论的新阐释

发轫于日本的行政行为公定力理论并非传统行政法学虚构的神话，而是一个具有丰富内涵的基本范畴。公定力意指除自始无效外，行政行为一经做出即获得有效推定的作用力。行政瑕疵的不可避免性、行政纠纷的客观必然性以及纠纷解决的非合意性构成了行政行为公定力存在的社会基础；社会成员的秩序需求则是公定力存在的理论依据。作为一种具有对世性的法律效力，行政行为公定力对不同的对象具有各不相同的要求。     

历史唯物主义视域下的行为功利主义

行为功利主义是指以行为的效果来确定行为正当与否的伦理学理论。从历史唯物主义视域看，行为功利主义将经验主义和抽象的人性论作为理论基础，得出的个人本位的利益取向无法正确处理人与社会的关系，其普遍化仁慈等理念也并非推动社会历史发展的根本动力。唯有以唯物史观为指导，着眼于人的自然性和类特性的统一，将个人置于其所属的社会之中，并以集体利益为价值导向，致力于维护最广大人民的根本利益，从而实现个人利益与集体利益的辩证统一，进一步辩证考察行为功利主义的存在价值和内在缺陷，才能为人们的价值判断和行为选择提供合理的方向与路径。     

大学生非正式群体偏差行为及其教育干预

理性选择理论认为,个体行为具有社会理性和制度理性.大学生非正式群体的生成是学生个体理性选择的产物.大学生非正式群体偏差行为有三类表现形式,呈现出边界的模糊性、模仿性与易变性、二元性及其寻求朋辈与朋辈文化认同、网络偏差行为的相互渗透等四个特征.对非正式群体进行教育干预应坚持传统教育范式与建构范式的有机结合,激发学生固有权能,发挥支持网络的功能.     

浅谈行为金融理论与有效市场假说

有效市场假说是现代金融理论的重要基石,其理论基础是理性人和完全套利假定。20世纪80年代在西方国家兴起的行为金融理论,以心理学的研究成果为依据,从投资者的实际决策心理出发,重新审视主宰金融市场的人的因素对市场的影响,对有效市场假说的理性框架和完全套利进行了深刻的反思,并指出投资者的行为并非是完全理性的,套利行为也是有限的。     

基于行为金融的资本市场委托代理关系研究

资本市场中以进行金融资产交易为职业的专业经纪人具有投资者和代理人的双重身份,根据行为金融理论,经纪人在进行投资决策时并非完全理性,而这种非理性必然会对与经纪人利益相关的委托人带来影响.在系统分析投资者进行决策时存在的诸多认知及行为偏差的基础上,将行为金融理论与委托代理理论相结合,建立基于经纪人非理性行为的委托代理模型.结果表明,特定情形下,代理人的非理性行为对委托人是有益的.     

试论英美侵权法中的理性人标准

理性人标准是英美侵权司法实践中法官据以确定行为人是否违反注意义务或者有无过失的最重要的标准。理性人标准是一个客观标准，是法律创造出来的一个只具备社会中一般人所拥有的经验见识和逻辑推理能力的普通人的模型，其对于特殊人群有特殊的适用要求。而在司法实践中，适用理性人标准必须考虑以下三个因素：行为的损害危险性；危险行为的目的；避免损害危险的成本。     

先秦儒家孝道的理性悖论现象与当代启示

儒家崇奉理性，注重伦理，孝道是儒家伦理之中坚，亦具理性因素。先秦儒家的孝道理论内涵丰富，一方面主张事亲以礼，谏亲以道，要量力而为，突显行孝为修己、成人，体现出不同层面的理性意蕴；另一方面又扩大孝的适用范围，在理论与实践中导致孝道伦理的泛滥化、虚伪化、神秘化、偏执化，出现一定的非理性倾向。理性与非理性并存，形成早期儒家孝道中的理性悖论。目前，我国快速进入老龄化社会，流动人口增多，社会各界采取了不同的举措，既有成绩，也存在一些问题。我们应当从先秦儒家孝道理论中汲取养分，发扬其理性精神，弘扬中华传统孝道美德，为当前孝德建设提供有益的借鉴与启示。     

从个体理性到集体理性禄充社区旅游发展选择

禄充风景区的发展历程经历了20世纪80年代初到90年代末的早期阶段，社区居民在个体理性之下的选择是追求自身利益的最大化，却导致了环境、社会、文化等诸方面的问题。政府主导型的旅游发展中期阶段又遇到个体理性与集体理性在统一过程中的碰撞与矛盾。该文借鉴个人理性与集体理性的理论，对禄充旅游发展不同阶段的选择进行分析，并重点解读禄充笔架山旅游开发股份有限公司作为集体理性选择的结果，文章将对社区参与旅游发展的理论研究和实践指导具有一定的参考价值。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to