Na-N共掺对ZnO薄膜结构及光学性质的影响

采用溶胶/凝胶法在石英衬底上制备Na-N共掺ZnO纳米薄膜,研究Na掺杂原子分数对ZnO薄膜结构和光学性能的影响.结果表明:适度的Na掺杂,使得薄膜结晶质量明显改善,但过高原子分数的掺杂,则会诱发新的缺陷,导致结晶质量下降.在可见光区域,薄膜透光率随Na掺杂原子分数的升高而升高,掺杂原子分数7.5%的薄膜透光率达到90%左右.Na掺杂原子分数对ZnO的光学带隙产生了直接的影响.     

掺镁氧化锌薄膜结构及其光学性质的研究

以氧化镁(MgO)掺杂的氧化锌(ZnO)陶瓷靶作为溅射靶材,采用射频磁控溅射方法在玻璃衬底上制备了掺镁ZnO(ZnO:Mg)薄膜样品.通过X射线衍射仪和可见-紫外光分光光度计的测试表征,研究了溅射时间对ZnO:Mg薄膜晶体结构和光学性质的影响.结果表明:ZnO:Mg薄膜的结构和性能与溅射时间密切相关.随着溅射时间的增加,ZnO:Mg薄膜(002)晶面的织构系数减小、(110)晶面的织构系数增大,对应的可见光波段的平均透过率降低.溅射时间为15 min时,ZnO:Mg薄膜样品具有最佳的(002)择优取向生长特性和最好的透光性能.同时ZnO:Mg薄膜样品的禁带宽度随溅射时间增加而单调增大.与未掺杂ZnO薄膜相比,所有ZnO:Mg薄膜样品的禁带宽度均变宽.     

In掺杂ZnO薄膜的制备及结构特性研究

通过射频反应共溅射法在硅衬底上制备了不同In掺杂量的ZnO薄膜,表征了薄膜的结构和表面形貌,研究了In掺杂量对ZnO薄膜的结构特性的影响.掠角X射线衍射分析结果表明制备的样品为ZnO薄膜,θ-2θ X射线衍射分析结果表明样品具有小的应力和C轴择优取向;原子力显微镜测试结果表明样品的颗粒大小和应力同其(002)衍射峰强度有关.薄膜具有较低的电阻率(10-1～100Ω穋m).当In掺杂量为3%时,样品的(002)衍射峰强度最高、压应力较小(7.3×108 N/m2).     

Nd掺杂对ZnO薄膜结构及室温光致发光特性的影响

通过射频磁控溅射技术在Si（111）衬底上制备了不同含量的Nd掺杂ZnO薄膜.XRD和AFM分析表明,Nd掺杂没有改变ZnO薄膜的结构,薄膜为纳米多晶结构,未掺杂ZnO沿c择优生长.Nd掺杂使ZnO薄膜表面粗糙,起伏较大,薄膜中随Nd掺杂量的增加颗粒减小.室温光致发光谱显示,薄膜出现了395nm的强紫光峰和495nm的弱绿光峰,同时,Nd掺杂不改变PL谱的峰位置,Nd含量对PL谱的峰强度产生了一定影响.     

ZnO半导体粉体制备工艺与电阻率的关系

采用固相合成法制备了氧化铝掺杂的氧化锌半导体粉体,通过X-射线衍射分析,探讨了掺杂量、煅烧温度和保温时间对粉体导电性能的影响.实验发现:Al2O3的掺杂量高于0.5%(摩尔比)时,会生成ZnAl2O4尖晶石相,降低ZnO的电导率;在一定的温度和保温时间下,才能保证有足够的Al3 进入ZnO的晶格,从而获得电阻率比较低的ZnO半导体粉体;温度过高和保温时间过长都会导致Al2O3与ZnO反应生成尖晶石,减少Al3 对Zn2 的置换率,并对电子产生散射,从而导致ZnO半导体粉体的电阻率升高;当Al2O3掺杂量为ZnO的0.5%(摩尔比)时,在1300℃下保温3h所得到的ZnO粉体的电阻率为18kΩ.cm.     

Nd及其与Fe,Mn共掺杂ZnO薄膜的结构与发光特性

采用射频磁控溅射技术在Si(111)衬底上制备了未掺杂ZnO薄膜和Nd及其与Fe,Mn共掺杂ZnO薄膜.通过XRD分析表明,未掺杂ZnO薄膜沿c轴择优生长,掺杂ZnO薄膜偏离了正常生长,薄膜为纳米多晶结构.应用AFM观测所有薄膜的表面形貌,掺杂使ZnO薄膜表面粗糙.室温光致发光谱显示,薄膜出现了395nm的强紫光和495 nm的弱绿光带.Nd掺杂ZnO薄膜的PL谱线峰值强度减弱,Nd与Fe,Mn共掺杂ZnO薄膜的PL谱线峰值强度增强,分析了掺杂引起PL峰强度变化的原因.     

不同Mg掺杂位置对ZnO电子结构、态密度和光学性质的影响

通过一性原理计算, 研究了替代位和间隙位Mg掺杂对ZnO电子结构、态密度和光学性质的影响. 结果表明, 替代位Mg掺杂导致ZnO带隙展宽, 而间隙位Mg掺杂ZnO形成n型半导体. 比较了纯ZnO和不同Mg掺杂位置MgZnO体系的分波和总电子态密度, 并解释了相应的电子结构和光学性质的差别. 发现替代位Mg掺杂和纯ZnO体系的光学特性差别较小, 而间隙位Mg掺杂导致ZnO光吸收边蓝移, 折射率减小, 而且在可见到近紫外光区域 (0到4.2 eV), 具有比纯ZnO更好的光透过性.     

Dy3+和La3+掺杂ZnO薄膜的特点及其气敏传感特性

采用真空蒸发的方法制备了掺杂原子比为3%、5%和9%的La掺杂和Dy掺杂的ZnO薄膜.用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)谱和X射线光电子能谱(XPS)表征了所制得的ZnO薄膜的特性.发现所有薄膜都沿C轴取向优先生长.在对ZnO薄膜气敏特性的测量中,在低温条件下掺杂ZnO薄膜的电阻比非掺杂ZnO薄膜的小,且对乙醇和丙酮的灵敏度显著增强,且其中Dy掺杂的ZnO薄膜的气敏特性较La掺杂的ZnO薄膜为高.而空气中暴露9个月后的薄膜的气敏特性表明掺杂ZnO薄膜具有很好的稳定性.同时讨论了气敏传感机制和掺杂行为对薄膜灵敏度的影响.     

氧化锌陶瓷低温导电特性研究(英文)

研究了Nb2O5掺杂的ZnO陶瓷在低温下导电特性,结果表明,低温状态下,随着Nb2O5掺杂量的增加,ZnO电阻率降低,不同温度下烧结的ZnO样品,烧结温度越高,电阻率愈小,同一烧结温度下,不同烧结时间的ZnO样品,随着烧结时间的增加,电阻率愈小.     

Nd掺杂ZnO薄膜的制备及室温光致发光研究

通过射频磁控溅射技术在Si(111)衬底上制备了Nd掺杂ZnO薄膜.XRD和AFM分析表明,Nd掺杂没有改变ZnO结构,薄膜为纳米多晶结构.随Nd掺杂量的增加颗粒减小,表面粗糙,起伏较大.室温光致发光谱显示,薄膜出现了395 nm的强紫光峰和495 nm的弱绿光峰,Nd掺杂量和氧分压对PL谱发射峰强度产生了一定影响.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.