超临界CO2萃取与同时蒸馏萃取法提取澳洲坚果花挥发性成分研究

分析研究澳洲坚果花挥发性成分含量,探讨不同提取方法提取坚果花中的挥发性成分的差异.采用气相色谱-质谱联用技术(GC-MS)分析鉴定超临界CO2萃取与同时蒸馏萃取法分别提取的坚果花挥发性成分,用峰面积归一法计算各个组分相对含量.从超临界CO2萃取物中分离出164个组分,鉴定出58种成分,占化合物检出总量的85.55%.含量最高为亚麻酸(11.88%);从同时蒸馏萃取物中分离出142种成分,鉴定出53种成分,占化合物检出总量的71.06%.最主要成分为环氧芳樟醇(10.89%).不同提取方法提取的挥发性成分的组成和相对含量存在明显不同.通过对澳洲坚果花挥发性成分的研究,为澳洲坚果资源进一步开发利用提供了依据.     

GC-MS法测定芜菁子中油脂组成研究

目的:分析测定芜菁子中油脂的组成。方法:采用索氏提取法提取芜菁子中的油脂,甲酯化后,气相色谱-质谱法分析其油脂中脂肪酸的成分。结果:芜菁子中含有油酸,亚油酸,亚麻酸,硬脂酸,软脂酸,芥酸6种脂肪酸,其含量分别为12.5%、19.6%、8.9%、7.4%、5.8%、18.2%。结论:该法操作简便,灵敏度高,准确可靠,可用于芜菁子油中脂肪酸的组成及含量测定。     

红松松针精油脂肪酸GC-MS分析

用索氏提取器提取红松松针精油,将提取物的油脂甲脂化后利用气相色谱-质谱联用技术(GC-MS)进行分离和鉴定.结果表明:红松松针精油含有丰富的饱和脂肪酸和不饱和脂肪酸,饱和脂肪酸质量分数占总脂肪酸质量分数的74.32%,不饱和脂肪酸占25.68%;鉴定出31种脂肪酸,相对质量分数比较高的是棕榈酸(26.86%)、月桂酸(25.05%)、肉豆蔻酸(6.33%)、芥子酸(5.98%)、二十二碳六烯酸(DHA)(5.4%)、硬脂酸(4.38%),γ-亚麻酸和亚油酸分别是1.55%和2.18%,α-亚麻酸未检出.     

杏鲍菇子实体和大麦粒菌丝体脂肪酸组成分析

采用气相色谱法分析了杏鲍菇子实体和大麦粒菌丝体的脂肪酸组成.其主要脂肪酸成分软脂酸、亚油酸和γ亚麻酸,在子实体和大麦粒菌丝体中分别占13 14%、22 40%;60 09%、43 01%和21 14%、10 67%.其中多不饱和脂肪酸亚油酸占优,且杏鲍菇子实体和大麦粒菌丝体中含有较高比例含量的γ亚麻酸.     

大戟科假奓包叶的种子油提取及油脂肪酸成分

利用超声波辅助提取法萃取吉首市郊区4个采样点的大戟科植物假奓包叶的种子油,并采用气相色谱-质谱（GC-MS）联用技术分析了种子油脂肪酸组成。结果表明,4个采样点的假奓包叶种子油提取率平均为22.71%,种子油的脂肪酸成分分别为8,7,5, 4种;各采样点植物假奓包叶的种子油共有的、相对含量较高的脂肪酸成分为亚麻酸（52.38%）、亚油酸（28.18%）、硬脂酸（13.30%）和棕榈酸（5.78%）,其总量占总脂肪酸的99.47%.     

卵盘鹤虱籽油中脂肪酸组成测定

采用毛细管柱气相色谱法测定了卵盘鹤虱籽油中的脂肪酸组成及相对含量,鉴定了１３种脂肪酸,占脂肪酸总量的９８．６６％,样品所含主要脂肪酸为棕榈酸、油酸、亚油酸、α－亚麻酸和γ－亚麻酸。不饱和脂肪酸为９０．５７％,其中α－亚麻酸３６．１８％,γ－亚麻酸５．８６％,并进一步采用气相色谱法－－质谱联用方法对卵盘鹤虱籽油中脂肪酸组分定性。     

大戟科假奓包叶的种子油提取及油脂肪酸成分

利用超声波辅助提取法萃取吉首市郊区4个采样点的大戟科植物假奓包叶的种子油,并采用气相色谱-质谱（GC-MS）联用技术分析了种子油脂肪酸组成。结果表明,4个采样点的假奓包叶种子油提取率平均为22.71%,种子油的脂肪酸成分分别为8,7,5, 4种;各采样点植物假奓包叶的种子油共有的、相对含量较高的脂肪酸成分为亚麻酸（52.38%）、亚油酸（28.18%）、硬脂酸（13.30%）和棕榈酸（5.78%）,其总量占总脂肪酸的99.47%.     

海带脂肪酸的提取及其成分分析

以海带为原料,采用索氏提取器对海带脂肪酸进行提取研究,并应用GC-MS技术对海带脂肪酸成分进行分析.结果表明,选择石油醚为提取溶剂,在提取温度为70℃、提取时间为6h、原料粒度为180~200目时,最有利于海带脂质的提取,经鉴定,此条件下可提取出9种脂肪酸成分,脂肪酸相对质量含量为89.45%,其中多不饱和脂肪酸占脂肪酸总量的23.13%.     

一株高效产油脂真菌的选育及其油脂成分分析

以早期从海洋环境中分离得到的38株海洋真菌为材料,采用苏丹黑染色法初筛,摇瓶法复筛,得到1株油脂产率相对较高(27.96%)的菌株MD2,经鉴定,该菌株为粘红酵母(Rhodotorula glutinis).再以MD2为出发菌株,经紫外诱变、亚硝基胍诱变和紫外-亚硝基胍复合诱变,最终得到突变菌株MD2-1;采用酸热法提取粘红酵母MD2-1的菌体油脂,测定了其产脂能力,并采用气相色谱-质谱联用法(GC-MS)测定其脂肪酸组成.结果表明:MD2-1的产脂能力较强,油脂质量达菌体干质量的45.32%,较MD2提高17.36%;MD2-1菌体油脂中检测出9种脂肪酸,其脂肪酸组成与植物油近似,其中10-十八(碳)烯酸占脂肪酸总量的71.53%,为10-十八(碳)烯酸工业化生产提供菌种资源,为其规模化生产奠定基础.     

月见草油微胶囊技术的研究

研究了以含γ-亚麻酸等多种不饱和脂肪酸油脂的月见草油为芯材的微胶囊制备的工艺过程和生产条件．对影响工艺及产品性能的因素进行了必要的探索，结果表明：2％的阿拉伯胶和2％的明胶混合组成混合液，月见草油与混合液以1：4（芯材占物料总量为20％）混合，在pH7．00，80℃下乳化2min，在pH4．00～4．50时凝聚0.5h，4℃固化1．5h，经离心干燥后制备的微胶囊包埋率和油脂得率最好．     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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