Acyl-chloride functionalized graphene oxide chemically grafted with hindered phenol and its application in anti-degradation of polypropylene

In this study,graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets were first functionalized by the acyl-chloride reaction and then reacted with hindered phenol (HP) to obtain HP grafted GO (GO-g-HP).The GO-g-HP prepared under the optimized condition exhibited a high efficiency against both thermal and photo oxidation of isotactic polypropylene (iPP).GO-g-HP exhibited a much better anti-aging efficiency than that of HP and GO used individually or that of their physical mixture.The outstanding anti-aging effect of GO-g-HP was attributed to the excellent synergistic effect produced between the chemically bonded GO and HP,which resulted in an improved oxygen barrier property of GO and excellent utilization of the free radical scavenging capability of GO and HP.Also,thanks to the grafting of HP on GO,the physical loss of HP,which was one of the main shortcomings for traditional small molecular antioxidants,was largely suppressed.It is expected that the GO-g-HP prepared can well meet the requirement of long-term applications of polymers in some harsh service conditions.     

Flow and heat transfer behaviour of nanofluids in microchannels

Flow and heat transfer of aqueous based silica and alumina nanofluids in microchannels were experimentally investigated. The measured friction factors were higher than conventional model predictions at low Reynolds numbers particularly with high nanoparticle concentrations. A decrease in the friction factor was observed with increasing Reynolds number, possibly due to the augmentation of nanoparticle aggregate shape arising from fluid shear and alteration of local nanoparticle concentration and nanofluid viscosity. Augmentation of the silica nanoparticle morphology by fluid shear may also have affected the friction factor due to possible formation of a core/shell structure of the particles. Measured thermal conductivities of the silica nanofluids were in approximate agreement with the Maxwell-Crosser model, whereas the alumina nanofluids only showed slight enhancements. Enhanced convective heat transfer was observed for both nanofluids, relative to their base fluids (water), at low particle concentrations. Heat transfer enhancement increased with increasing Reynolds number and microchannel hydraulic diameter. However, the majority of experiments showed a larger increase in pumping power requirements relative to heat transfer enhancements, which may hinder the industrial uptake of the nanofluids, particularly in confined environments, such as Micro Electro-Mechanical Systems (MEMS).     

散热模组中热管位置研究

由＂热致失效＂介绍电子设备散热的重要性及方式,通过将模型简化及热管位置的方案规划,经CFD仿真软件对各方案进行分析并对比结果,以此得出适合的最优化设计。     

环境中的热污染及其危害

自然因素和人类活动中的热排放导致环境温度异常升高的现象,称为热污染。目前,人类活动造成的热污染,在大城市里尤为明显。城市热岛效应的加剧与人类活动排放的热量过多,有至关重要的关系。热污染改变了温度环境固有的热力学平衡状态,对人类和动植物、对环境、对气候,都可能造成危害。认识热污染的危害,预防和控制热污染,维护环境中的温度稳定,对于保护人类和动植物的生存安全具有十分重要的意义。     

高温下2,4,6-三硝基甲苯(TNT)热分解动力学模拟

应用分子动力学模拟方法研究了2,4,6-三硝基甲苯(TNT)在纯高温下的分解机理,研究结果表明TNT初始分解机理主要为C-NO2键的断裂和NO2-ONO重新排列导致O-N键发生断裂,然后发生H原子转移反应形成H2O,HONO和HO分子;通过对TNT热分解反应物和生成物的研究结果表明N2和H2O分子是TNT分解过程中最稳定的生成物,NO2,NO和HONO分子为TNT热分解过程中的中间产物;在高温4500K,CO,H2,CO2和OH分子出现的频率逐渐提高,表明这几种分子在高温下更容易形成.     

NaCl掺杂浓度对方钠石结构的影响

文章用水热法合成了含氯方钠石粉末,并讨论了 NaCI的掺杂浓度、晶化时间和晶化温度对方钠石结构的影响。通过X射线衍射（XRD）,扫描电镜（SEM）和热重分析（TG -DTA -DSC）对合成方钠石结构、形貌和热稳定性进行分析。结果表明,NaCI的掺杂量在2％～10％内合成样品产物为单一方钠石结构,当掺杂量达到20％时,合成产物结构发生变化,最佳晶化温度为80℃,晶化时间为6h。扫描电镜图片显示样品颗粒均匀,粒径为01．～02．μm。热重分析表明样品在230℃附近有吸热反应。     

Thermal diffusivity determination of solids by time-domain photoacoustic piezoelectric technique

Thermal–physical property is one of the most important properties of materials. The conventional frequency-domain photoacoustic piezoelectric(PAPE) technique has been developed as an important method for thermal diffusivity determination. In this paper, the PAPE technique is extended to time domain(TD). First, based on a simplified thermoelastic model, the TD PAPE theory under square-wave-modulated excitation was developed,the dependence of the TD PAPE signal on modulation frequency as well as material parameters was obtained, and the determination of thermal diffusivity was simulated and theoretically analyzed. Second, the experimental system and the corresponding measurement method were established. Third, thermal diffusivities of various standard samples, such as copper, aluminum, and nickel, were measured, and the effectiveness of the technique was verified. The results show that the TD PAPE technique can provide a simple, fast and effective way for thermal diffusion study.     

Microstructure and oxidation resistance of SiC–MoSi2 multi-phase coating for SiC coated C/C composites

In order to improve the anti-oxidation of C/C composites, a SiC–MoSi2multi-phase coating for SiC coated carbon/carbon composites(C/C)was prepared by low pressure chemical vapor deposition(LPCVD) using methyltrichlorosilane(MTS) as precursor, combined with slurry painting from MoSi2 powder. The phase composition and morphology were analyzed by scanning electron microscope(SEM) and X-ray diffraction(XRD) methods, and the deposition mechanism was discussed. The isothermal oxidation and thermal shock resistance were investigated in a furnace containing air environment at 1500 1C. The results show that the as-prepared SiC–MoSi2coating consists of MoSi2 particles as a dispersing phase and CVD–SiC as a continuous phase. The weight loss of the coated samples is 1.51% after oxidation at 1500 1C for 90 h, and 4.79% after 30 thermal cycles between 1500 1C and room temperature. The penetrable cracks and cavities in the coating served as the diffusion channel of oxygen, resulted in the oxidation of C/C composites, and led to the weight loss in oxidation.     

Thermal stability and magnetic properties of Fe–Co–M–Zr–Nb–Ge–B(M=Mo,Cr) bulk metallic glasses

Fe62Co8 xMxZr6Nb4Ge1B19(M=Mo, Cr) bulk metallic glasses were synthesized in the diameter range up to 2 mm by copper mold casting,which exhibit high thermal stability and large glass-forming ability. The super-cooled liquid region diminishes by the dissolution of Mo. The addition of 2 at% Cr leads to the broading of the liquid region remarkably, resulting in the improvement of thermal stability. The crystallization takes place through a single exothermic reaction, accompanying the precipitation of more than three kinds of crystallized phases such as α-Fe,Fe2Zr and ZrB2. The Fe-based alloys show soft ferromagnetic properties. The saturation magnetization(ss) decreases with increasing Mo or Cr content while the saturated magnetostriction increases with raising Mo or Cr content. There is no evident change in the ssand coercive force(Hc)with annealing temperature below the crystallization temperature, which suggests a more relaxed atomic configuration the glasses have. The crystallization causes a substantial enhancement in both ssand Hc. Each soft magnetic property of the glasses containing Cr with higher thermal stability is superior to that of the alloys containing Mo.     

C30钢渣混凝土的温度线膨胀系数试验研究

通过埋设在C30普通混凝土和C30钢渣混凝土中无应力计的实测伴测温度及计算得到的无应力应变值,采用最小二乘法进行拟合。拟合成果表明:C30普通混凝土的温度线膨胀系数接近10.0×10-6/℃,C30钢渣混凝土的温度线膨胀系数大于11.0×10-6/℃;无论是C30普通混凝土还是C30钢渣混凝土,其温度线膨胀系数α不是一个定值,它随着时间的改变而改变。为实现钢渣在混凝土中安全、可靠的利用,建议钢渣混凝土在温度应力对结构稳定性影响不大的建(构)筑物中使用。