Ecological notes of the alien species Godiva quadricolor (Gastropoda: Nudibranchia) occurring in Faro Lake (Italy)

The first record from Sicily of the introduced facelinid nudibranch Godiva quadricolor allowed the detection of trophic relationships with the polycerid Polycera hedgpethi, another non-native nudibranch, and with two bryozoan species, namely the naturalized Cheilostomatida Bugula neritina and the cryptogenic Ctenostomatida Amathia verticillata. The settlement of both nudibranchs was presumably promoted by a trophic shift of P. hedgpethi from the natural prey B. neritina towards the largely available and not exploited A. verticillata. This short food web, without evident links with native fauna and having G. quadricolor as the top predator, is described. A DNA barcoding approach was used to confirm the identity of this facelinid species and to explore the possible genetic divergence occurring among the samples analysed.     

Coral reef tanaidacean assemblages along the SW and SE Gulf of Mexico: biodiversity,geographic distribution and community structure

The biodiversity, geographic distribution, and community parameters of the benthic tanaidaceans associated with three coral reefs along the SW and SE Gulf of Mexico were analysed. A total of 15,525 specimens were grouped in 36 species. The highest value of abundance was found in the PNSAV with 6382 tanaidaceans. The PNSAV presented 30 species, the ANPT-L 16 species, and the SABS 17 species. The species with the widest distribution were Pseudonototanais sp., Condrochelia dubia, Leptochelia forresti, Synapseudes sp., Haplopolemius propinquus, Alloleptochelia longimana, and Paradoxapseudes bermudeus. In the Veracruz System Reef, the highest abundance was recorded for Condrochelia dubia and Pseudonototanais sp. The highest value of diversity was obtained in the SABS (3.08 bits/ind in the reef Bajo Diez), and the lowest value was found in the PNSAV (0.07 bits/ind in the reef Isla de Enmedio). The highest value of abundance was found in coral rubble and macroalgae. A significant relationship between depth and specific richness was found in the three reef systems. Using cluster analysis, three groups were found in each system, mainly related to the proximity to the coast and to urban areas. This is one of the first studies to show the specific substrate and attributes of three communities of tanaidaceans along the SE–SW coast of the Gulf of Mexico.     

φ-截曲率为常数的Sasaki统计流形中子流形的广义标准δ-Casorati曲率不等式

对φ-截曲率为常数的Sasaki统计流形中的子流形建立关于广义标准δ-Casorati曲率的不等式, 并给出不等式中等号成立的条件.     

花键冷挤压成形过程凹模入口半角优化数值模拟

以花键挤压成形过程为研究对象,利用DEFORM-3D软件对花键的冷挤压成形过程进行模拟;以金属流动、变形程度、成形载荷和模具磨损等作为花键成形过程中的衡量指标,分别设定15°、20°、22.5°、25°和30°的不同凹模入口半角,模拟分析对花键冷挤压成形过程的影响。模拟结果表明,凹模入口半角为20°时,花键的整体成形质量最好。     

基于修正模态应变能法的硬涂层薄板阻尼性能预估

在考虑硬涂层材料的小阻尼特点以及经典模态应变能法计算误差的前提下,提出了一种适用于硬涂层复合结构阻尼性能预估的新方法.推导了修正模态应变能法的原理性公式.以一个涂敷Mg-Al硬涂层的悬臂薄板为例进行了实例研究,并讨论了硬涂层材料参数、涂层厚度对结构系统阻尼性能的影响.结果发现增大硬涂层的杨氏模量、损耗因子及厚度均可提高复合结构的阻尼性能.相关研究成果可为硬涂层材料制备及阻尼减振设计提供参考.     

间隙环流作用下的转子动力学性能分析

为研究间隙环流对转子动态性能的作用规律,根据流体的连续定理和动量定理建立了描述间隙环流运动规律的偏微分方程组,采用线性摄动方法将间隙环流内流体压力的稳态量和动态量分离,求解得到间隙环流动态作用力的表达式.为验证该流场计算模型,搭建了一个实验装置.使用有限元方法建立实验台干转子的动力学模型,通过实验测试干转子的固有频率,对动力学模型中法兰连接处的接触刚度等参数进行标定.将间隙环流的动态作用力分解为质量矩阵、刚度矩阵、阻尼矩阵的形式,施加到干转子动力学模型上,得到湿转子的动力学模型.求解该模型得到转子的动力学特征参数对于转子转速的变化规律.通过对间隙环流试验模型进行计算和实验测试,验证了该模型的有效性.研究结果表明,间隙环流能显著降低转子的固有频率,并能够在一定的转速范围内造成转子失稳.     

饱和砂的交流电阻率特性研究

采用电阻率法定量研究土的孔隙特征,通过试验测量了不同孔隙率的饱和砂在不同电流频率下的交流电阻抗,然后研究电阻率、电流频率以及孔隙率之间的关系。结果表明:孔隙水的电阻率随频率的增加而减小;饱和砂的电阻率随电流频率的增加而减小;饱和砂的电阻率随孔隙率的增加而减小;结构因子随电流频率的增加而增加;结构因子随孔隙率的增加而减小;最后在分析等效电路的基础上建立了考虑电流频率变化的饱和砂电阻率模型。     

汽车尾气排放对吉林省生态环境的影响

本文结合已有文献和实际调查,分析汽车尾气的排放对吉林省大气、土壤、水和动植物的影响.尾气中的氮氧化合物和碳氢化合物易引发光化学烟雾,固体颗粒物的聚集会引发雾霾天气的增多,降低大气可见度.经测定,吉林省内汽车集中区城市主干道的雨水pH值小于郊区.汽车尾气中氮氧化合物易使土壤酸化,重金属铅易在土壤中累积.汽车尾气中的某些物质,影响植物光合、呼吸和蒸腾作用,对人体呼吸道及肺部造成伤害,导致人类致癌几率大大增加.今后应加强汽车尾气管理力度,改造汽车结构,开发新能源汽车,以此来缓解汽车尾气带来的生态压力.     

Multifractal analysis of resting state fMRI series in default mode network: age and gender effects

Age-related changes of resting state in default mode network （DMN） may provide new clues to the developing mechanism of normal brain as well as early diagnosis and therapy of some neuropsychiatric disorders. The application of multifractal theory to functional magnetic resonance imaging （fMRI） signals has recently raised increasing attention. We aim to explore the multifractal characteristics underlying the resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging （rs-fMRI） series extracted from DMN, and two issues are mainly discussed： （1） whether there exist multifractals in rs-fMRI series; （2） whether it is possible to distinguish between the different ages or genders by means of multifractal characteristics. Results demon- strated the existence of multifractals in rs-fMRI series in DMN. In addition, slight differences between young subjects and middle-aged or elderly subjects can be successfully detected by △asα, a modified measure we proposed. Furthermore, it is revealed that the rs-fMRI series from young subjects possess smaller averaged scale index and weaker long range correlation, while those from middle-aged or elderly people present increasing averaged scale index andstronger long range correlation. Whereas no significant statistical differences has been found between male and female group. Our results, therefore, highlight the potential useful- ness of multifractal analysis in fMRI series of a certain brain region, and provide important insights into healthy aging in DMN.