Stepwise replication identifies a low-producing lymphotoxin-alpha allele as a major risk factor for early-onset leprosy

Host genetics has an important role in leprosy, and variants in the shared promoter region of PARK2 and PACRG were the first major susceptibility factors identified by positional cloning. Here we report the linkage disequilibrium mapping of the second linkage peak of our previous genome-wide scan, located close to the HLA complex. In both a Vietnamese familial sample and an Indian case-control sample, the low-producing lymphotoxin-alpha (LTA)+80 A allele was significantly associated with an increase in leprosy risk (P = 0.007 and P = 0.01, respectively). Analysis of an additional case-control sample from Brazil and an additional familial sample from Vietnam showed that the LTA+80 effect was much stronger in young individuals. In the combined sample of 298 Vietnamese familial trios, the odds ratio of leprosy for LTA+80 AA/AC versus CC subjects was 2.11 (P = 0.000024), which increased to 5.63 (P = 0.0000004) in the subsample of 121 trios of affected individuals diagnosed before 16 years of age. In addition to identifying LTA as a major gene associated with early-onset leprosy, our study highlights the critical role of case- and population-specific factors in the dissection of susceptibility variants in complex diseases.     

Switch from protective to adverse inflammation during influenza: viral determinants and hemostasis are caught as culprits

Influenza viruses cause acute respiratory infections, which are highly contagious and occur as seasonal epidemic and sporadic pandemic outbreaks. Innate immune response is activated shortly after infection with influenza A viruses (IAV), affording effective protection of the host. However, this response should be tightly regulated, as insufficient inflammation may result in virus escape from immunosurveillance. In contrast, excessive inflammation may result in bystander lung tissue damage, loss of respiratory capacity, and deterioration of the clinical outcome of IAV infections. In this review, we give a comprehensive overview of the innate immune response to IAV infection and summarize the most important findings on how the host can inappropriately respond to influenza.     

安全性第一准则下的组合贷款模型

提出了一种在概率准则意义下的组合贷款模型,并设计了基于随机模拟的混合优化算法进行求解。 该算法突破了各种贷款收益率必须服从正态分布的假定,可对贷款收益率是任意分布形式的模型进行求解。 经数值仿真,验证了算法的可行性。     

A genome-wide association study in Han Chinese identifies new susceptibility loci for ankylosing spondylitis

To identify susceptibility loci for ankylosing spondylitis, we performed a two-stage genome-wide association study in Han Chinese. In the discovery stage, we analyzed 1,356,350 autosomal SNPs in 1,837 individuals with ankylosing spondylitis and 4,231 controls; in the validation stage, we analyzed 30 suggestive SNPs in an additional 2,100 affected individuals and 3,496 controls. We identified two new susceptibility loci between EDIL3 and HAPLN1 at 5q14.3 (rs4552569; P = 8.77 × 10(-10)) and within ANO6 at 12q12 (rs17095830; P = 1.63 × 10(-8)). We also confirmed previously reported associations in Europeans within the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) region (top SNP, rs13202464; P < 5 × 10(-324)) and at 2p15 (rs10865331; P = 1.98 × 10(-8)). We show that rs13202464 within the MHC region mainly represents the risk effect of HLA-B*27 variants (including HLA-B*2704, HLA-B*2705 and HLA-B*2715) in Chinese. The two newly discovered loci implicate genes related to bone formation and cartilage development, suggesting their potential involvement in the etiology of ankylosing spondylitis.     

洛阳智慧交通系统的行车引导系统

主要讨论了支持行车引导系统的数据库、引导基础设施、信息发布的方法及内容以及系统的主要功能.行车引导系统是洛阳智慧交通系统应用的重要组成部分,为人们的出行提供实时、准确的道路现状和通行信息以及最佳的行车路线,合理地引导城市车流,保障城市道路的快捷畅通.     

一类非线性差分方程组的全局渐近稳定性

对一类非线性差分方程组的正解的收敛性进行了研究,当函数if和gi(i=1,2,4,5)满足一定的条件时,证明了该方程组有唯一的正平衡解且是全局渐近稳定的.     

N,N’—二羧甲基,N,N’—二(2,2,6,6—四甲基—1—氧基哌啶—4—氧酰甲基)乙二胺的合成

本文报道了以丙酮和EDTA为原料合成N,N'—二羧甲基,N,N'—二(2,2,6,6—四甲基—1—氧基哌啶—4—氧酰甲基)乙二胺的方法。该方法具有产率高、操作简便、易于提纯等优点。     

线粘弹性体的模型识别

为识别粘弹性介质的本构模型，建立了线粘弹性的波动方程，并给出了一维问题线粘弹性波的简谐解和识别方法，这在理论和实用上都有重要意义。     

二维DWT的分裂向量基新算法

本文导出了一种快速计算二维离散W变换的新算法——分裂向量基二维快速W变换算法(Split—Vector radix fast W traneform简称SVR—FWT)这种新算法具有概念清晰,结构简单及计算量少的特点。     

非线性参数最优化的几个定理

本文考虑非线性参数最优化问题:其中M X,而X和A为度量空间,f:X×A→R为一函数,将要证明有关非线性参数最优化问题定性稳定性的几个定理。