抗坏血酸/谷氨酸Maillard反应体系中间产物和褐变程度的研究

用磷酸缓冲溶液配制一系列不同质量分数的抗坏血酸/谷氨酸混合溶液pH8.0并在130℃下加热发生Maillard反应,对反应后体系的中间产物(A294nm)、褐变程度(A420nm)以及反应过程中抗坏血酸和谷氨酸的含量进行检测分析.结果显示,抗坏血酸通过热解产物与氨基酸发生Maillard反应,抗坏血酸质量分数的增大能促进反应体系的褐变,谷氨酸质量分数对反应体系褐变程度的影响不大.任意增大一种反应物的质量分数均可对无色中间产物的生成起促进作用,且抗坏血酸对中间产物生成的影响大于谷氨酸.     

Synopsis of ‘onychocellid’ cheilostome bryozoan genera

Genera assigned to the cheilostome bryozoan family Onychocellidae are revised based on the skeletal morphology of the type species and, when possible, the type material of these species. All genera are illustrated using scanning electron micrographs, some for the first time. Onychocellidae, which ranges from the Cenomanian stage of the Cretaceous to the Recent, has been a particularly troublesome family because of poorly defined generic concepts correlating at least in part with a paucity of morphological characters. Thirty-five genera are described in this review. Of these, two are recognised as subjective synonyms of other onychocellid genera (Rhebasia and Semieschara), one cannot be sufficiently characterised from the type material (Collura), and two are new: Aechmellina gen. nov. (type species Aechmella falcifera) and Kamilocella gen. nov. (type species Eschara latilabris). A neotype is chosen for Rhagasostoma hexagonum, the type species of Rhagasostoma. A key is provided to assist in the identification of onychocellid genera. Phylogenetic relationships between genera remain obscure and are unlikely to be fully resolved based on skeletal morphology alone. The family as an entity is loosely circumscribed and almost certainly paraphyletic, containing stem genera of other anascan familes such as Lunulitidae, Coscinopleuridae and Aspidostomatidae.

www.zoobank.org/urn:lsid:org:pub:63A31AD2-F049-42CB-A45B-557014DC286E     

太极的四维图象--大统一的宇宙结构

将<太极图>解析成太极图的四维图象,并根据<周易>的周而复始、生生不息的宇宙法则和现代物理学研究成果构画出太极宇宙模型,同时指出太极宇宙模型的基本特征及特点.根据太极宇宙模型、<周易>原理和现代科学成就提出并描述出大统一的宇宙结构图景,指出"炁天人合一"是易学思想的精髓、太极法则,即宇宙的主体时空观和宇宙的客观本体观的统一.本文提出的太极宇宙模型及大统一的宇宙结构与欧美等国科学家最近提出的循环宇宙、中空宇宙有异曲同工之妙.     

Environmental Friendly Route and Wool Shrink Proofing

The shrink proofing on wool with treatment of protease named Argaenzyme STL was studied. The various pretreating auxiliaries, different parameters for protease treating process and the effect of stabilizer were discussed in detail. The varieties of some properties before and after protease treatment were also investigated.     

Photon emission of phagocytes in relation to stress and disease.

Phagocytes, the first-line cells of the body's defence mechanisms against invading pathogens, kill microorganisms by means of lysosomal degradative enzymes and highly toxic reactive oxygen intermediates. The reactive oxygen compounds are produced, in a process called the 'respiratory burst', by the NADPH oxidase complex in plasma membranes, and by myeloperoxidase in phagolysosomes after degranulation. These processes generate electronically excited states which, on relaxation, emit photons, giving rise to phagocyte chemiluminescence (CL). This paper describes the conditions for the measurement of CL, and reviews the activity of phagocytes from individuals undergoing stress or disease. The capability of phagocytes to emit photons reflects remarkably well the pathophysiological state of the host. In many cases even the magnitude of the stress, the presence of a pathogen in the body, or the activity of the disease can be estimated. Physiological changes, e.g. in the reproductive cycle, can also be predicted.     

合理利用计算机辅助教学 提高旅游地理教学质量

计算机辅助教学与传统教学方法相比具有许多优越性，它是直观教学、视觉教学和听觉教学发展的结果，制作高质量的教学课件，合理使用计算机辅助教学，是提高旅游地理课教学质量的关键。     

提高投篮命中率初探

根据篮球教学的实践，对提高篮球投篮命中率问题，包括如何握球、瞄准点、投篮力量的运用、出手角度、出手速度、球的旋转、抛物线和入篮角等进行了剖析，为提高篮球教学和训练水平提供借鉴。     

Alcohol dehydrogenase 2 is a major hepatic enzyme for human retinol metabolism

The metabolism of all-trans- and 9-cis-retinol/ retinaldehyde has been investigated with focus on the activities of human, mouse and rat alcohol dehydrogenase 2 (ADH2), an intriguing enzyme with apparently different functions in human and rodents. Kinetic constants were determined with an HPLC method and a structural approach was implemented by in silico substrate dockings. For human ADH2, the determined K_m values ranged from 0.05 to 0.3 μM and k_cat values from 2.3 to 17.6 min⁻¹, while the catalytic efficiency for 9-cis-retinol showed the highest value for any substrate. In contrast, poor activities were detected for the rodent enzymes. A mouse ADH2 mutant (ADH2Pro47His) was studied that resembles the human ADH2 setup. This mutation increased the retinoid activity up to 100-fold. The K_m values of human ADH2 are the lowest among all known human retinol dehydrogenases, which clearly support a role in hepatic retinol oxidation at physiological concentrations. Received 12 October 2006; received after revision 6 December 2006; accepted 8 January 2007