可自修复的高延性混凝土(ECC)在机场道面的适用性分析

在飞机荷载与环境荷载长期共同作用下,机场道面易出现裂缝、接缝和竖向位移类病害,使运营阶段维修成本高.提出将具有自修复功能的高延性水泥基材料(ECC)用于机场道面,以控制裂缝发展、实现无缝连接;并利用ECC因二次反应而使微裂缝愈合的特性,减少路面维护工作,延长使用寿命.通过试验手段研究了ECC材料应用于机场道面的力学行为、自修复行为和早期开裂潜能.试验结果表明:机场道面用ECC材料在拉伸荷载作用下,其拉伸应变可达3.67％(约为普遍混凝土的400倍);在弯曲荷载作用下,其竖向弯曲变形可达6.33 mm;抗压强度与弯曲强度分别为43.9 MPa和12.68 MPa,可满足机场道面的使用要求.在受约束条件下,ECC表现出较低的早期开裂潜能.由于自修复能力,裂损ECC的拉伸刚度、拉伸应变与拉伸强度几乎可恢复至未裂时的程度;其水渗透系数随自修复进程逐渐降低,最终达到未裂时的渗透水平.研究结果表明ECC材料用于无缝机场道面具有较高适用性.     

四川盆地碳酸盐岩源岩气地质特征与勘探前景

充分利用露头、岩芯、岩屑等原始样品，通过薄片观察、物性分析、扫描电镜、X射线衍射及同位素分析等实验方法，结合测井资料、地震剖面解释等进行研究，从碳酸盐岩源岩气地球化学评价参数和指标厘定入手，以南川区带高产稳产气藏为实例，深入解剖四川盆地茅口组一段碳酸盐岩源岩的岩矿、物性、电性、含气性及生烃潜力，探讨了表生沉积环境、早期成岩作用等因素对碳酸盐岩源岩气储层的影响，尤其是富镁黏土矿物黑滑石在碳酸盐岩中有机质富集、碳酸盐岩气成生和聚集的积极作用，进一步明确气藏高产稳产的主控因素，落实“甜点段”的特征和分布，指明了该领域勘探开发的前景。     

互联互通蓝图下人工智能与中国经济转型升级研究

基于互联互通蓝图下我国人工智能的发展现状以及我国经济转型升级的现状,研究了人工智能技术与经济之间的正作用——促进生产、提供新经济增长动力、增加高水平就业岗位并改善工作环境、解决社会治理问题、促进国际友好往来,也分析了二者的负作用关系——减少了传统岗位、增大投资风险、冲击传统管理方式、增大中等收入陷阱的可能、带来法律规章制度的漏洞。提出区域治理保持与时俱进、建立技术基金会、注重人才培养与人员培训、企业承担其角色、重视文化与科技的关联的政策建议。     

利用SS前驱波研究纳斯卡–南美俯冲带周边上地幔间断面起伏及其动力学意义

利用USArray的远震记录资料, 对1万多条地震记录的SS前驱波进行共反射点叠加分析(叠加范围是半径为5°的球冠), 得到纳斯卡板块南部及南美板块西部(120°W—60°W, 30°S—5°N)上地幔间断面的起伏形态。由于数据很好地覆盖了研究区域, 叠加范围更小, 因此比以往的结果具有更高的空间分辨率。在Galapagos, Easter和 San Felix这3个热点下方观测到的间断面起伏形态符合地幔深部存在高温异常的假设。还观测到: 在东太平洋洋隆南段下方, 410 km间断面深度增加; 在俯冲带下方, 410 km和 660 km间断面深度增加。     

低渗储油层水力压裂裂缝延伸过程及成缝机理

为了评价花古6井低渗储油层的压裂效果，在该井地表建立了微震监测系统.基于微震监测结果，利用裂纹延伸路径分析方法及矩张量分析方法对压裂过程中裂缝延伸的时空过程及成缝机理进行了分析.分析结果表明:不同黏度液体注入时，裂纹的空间展布具有不同的特征，注入高黏液时储层中形成了裂缝密度较低的缝网，注入低黏液时储层中形成的缝网具有延伸路径短、分叉明显、密度高、范围大等特征，注入中黏液会在储层形成一些始于分支裂缝端部的裂纹;裂缝的破裂类型以剪切破裂为主(占比89.5%)，并且破裂类型占比不受液体黏性的影响.     

The landing zone – Ground for model transfer in chemistry

This essay proposes a new notion - the landing zone - in order to identify conceptual features that allow modelers to transfer mathematical tools across disciplinary borders. This discussion refers to the transferable models as ‘templates’. Templates are functions, equations, or computational methods that are capable of being generalized from a particular subject matter. There are formal and conceptual prerequisites for the transfer of a template to a new domain. A landing zone is an ontology that contributes to the satisfaction of these conditions for successful transfer. This paper presents a case study on a model in chemistry - the Quantum Theory of Atoms in Molecules (QTAIM) - that makes use of transferred templates from physics - the virial theorem and the wave function. The landing zone in this case is a new ontological notion, that of the topological atom, which prepares ground for the use of the virial theorem and the wave function in chemistry. The virial theorem requires that there exists in-principle stability to the system that it represents, and the wave function requires transformation in its representation that is justified. The ontology of QTAIM - the landing zone for these templates - grounds the scientific use of these templates in the context of chemistry.     

Superior corrosion resistance-dependent laser energy density in(CoCrFeNi)95Nb5 high entropy alloy coating fabricated by laser cladding

(CoCrFeNi)95Nb5 high entropy alloy(HEA)coatings were successfully fabricated on a substrate of Q235 steel by laser cladding technology.These(CoCrFeNi)95Nb5 HEA coatings possess excellent properties,particularly corrosion resistance,which is clearly superior to that of some typical bulk HEA and common engineering alloys.In order to obtain appropriate laser cladding preparation process parameters,the effects of laser energy density on the microstructure,microhardness,and corrosion resistance of(CoCrFeNi)95Nb5 HEA coating were closely studied.Results showed that as the laser energy density increases,precipitation of the Laves phase in(CoCrFeNi)95Nb5 HEA coating gradually decreases,and diffusion of the Fe element in the substrate intensifies,affecting the integrity of the(CoCrFeNi)95Nb5 HEA.This decreases the microhardness of(CoCrFeNi)95Nb5 HEA coatings.Moreover,the relative content of Cr2O3,Cr(OH)3,and Nb2O5 in the surface passive film of the coating decreases with increasing energy density,causing corrosion resistance to decrease.This study demonstrates the controllability of a high-performance HEA coating using laser cladding technology,which has significance for the laser cladding preparation of other CoCrFeNi-system HEA coatings.     

Neural network structure identification in inflation forecasting

Neural networks (NNs) are appropriate to use in time series analysis under conditions of unfulfilled assumptions, i.e., non‐normality and nonlinearity. The aim of this paper is to propose means of addressing identified shortcomings with the objective of identifying the NN structure for inflation forecasting. The research is based on a theoretical model that includes the characteristics of demand‐pull and cost‐push inflation; i.e., it uses the labor market, financial and external factors, and lagged inflation variables. It is conducted at the aggregate level of euro area countries from January 1999 to January 2017. Based on the estimated 90 feedforward NNs (FNNs) and 450 Jordan NNs (JNNs), which differ in variable parameters (number of iterations, learning rate, initial weight value intervals, number of hidden neurons, and weight value of the context unit), the mean square error (MSE), and the Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) are calculated for two periods: in‐the‐sample and out‐of‐sample. Ranking NNs simultaneously on both periods according to either MSE or AIC does not lead to the selection of the ‘best’ NN because the optimal NN in‐the‐sample, based on MSE and/or AIC criteria, often has high out‐of‐sample values of both indicators. To achieve the best compromise solution, i.e., to select an optimal NN, the preference ranking organization method for enrichment of evaluations (PROMETHEE) is used. Comparing the optimal FNN and JNN, i.e., FNN(4,5,1) and JNN(4,3,1), it is concluded that under approximately equal conditions, fewer hidden layer neurons are required in JNN than in FNN, confirming that JNN is parsimonious compared to FNN. Moreover, JNN has a better forecasting performance than FNN.     

高碱煤自身灰捕捉碱金属特性的实验与量化

基于高碱煤自身灰能够捕捉煤中碱金属这一行为特性,模拟实验探究自身灰与高碱煤反应过程的元素迁移及物相变化,结合量子化学计算对煤灰反应矿物质钠长石的反应活性进行研究,进而为实际工业锅炉燃煤控制与改善提供理论指导。结果表明:自身灰对于高碱煤中碱金属元素具有良好的捕捉效果,利用自身灰解决高碱煤沾污结渣问题具有较高的可行性;自身灰捕捉高碱煤中的Na元素主要赋存于霞石、钠长石等矿物质中,不同温度条件下,Na元素的迁移特性不同;煤灰矿物质钠长石的反应活性较高,易与亲电体系反应,其最高占据轨道几乎完全是由氧原子的2p轨道组成,Al-O键的键长较长,更容易发生断裂参与体系成键。     

高频调幅交变电磁场金属液滴悬浮振荡的 3 维数值模拟

采用有限元方法模拟高频调幅交变电磁场以及液滴内流体流动, 金属液滴自由界面的追踪采用任意拉格朗日欧拉(arbitrary Lagrange-Euler, ALE)方法. 数值模拟得到了高频调幅交变电磁场、金属液滴内部液体流动和液滴表面形变的动态行为. 数值结果表明: 在高频调幅交变电磁场中, 金属液滴所受洛伦兹力集中在液滴内部近表面区域, 液滴受近似表面力的洛伦兹力激励; 在表面张力和重力的共同作用下呈周期性振荡, 液滴的振荡幅度起伏变化, 具备参数振荡特征. 对液滴振荡的频谱分析结果显示, 液滴振荡的主频和高频调幅交变电磁场的调制波频率相同, 在其倍频处也会出现较大峰值, 液滴振荡的频谱特征与高频调幅交变电磁场中金属液滴所受洛伦兹力的频率特性吻合.