Zr-xNb-4Sn alloys with low Young’s modulus and magnetic susceptibility for biomedical implants

The microstructure, mechanical and magnetic properties of Zr–x (8, 9, 10, wt.%)Nb–4Sn alloys were investigated to obtain novel Zr-based alloy with low Young’s modulus and magnetic susceptibility for biomedical implants. After homogenization annealing, hot forging and solution annealing, Zr–8Nb–4Sn, Zr–9Nb–4Sn and Zr–10Nb–4Sn alloys were composed of β+α″ phase, β+α″ phase, β+ω phase, respectively. The temperature at which the α" and ω phase were transformed into β phase during the heating process was about 200 ​°C, and the phase transformation temperature decreased with the increase of Nb element. Among all the Zr–x (x ​= ​8,9,10)Nb–4Sn(wt.%) alloys, Zr–9Nb–4Sn alloy had the lowest Young's modulus of 46.6 ​GPa and the low magnetic susceptibility of 1.294 ​× ​10⁻⁶ cm³g⁻¹, which has a good application prospect for biomedical applications.     

隧道爆破力学模型相似材料配比的正交试验

以砂岩作为模拟对象,研究满足隧道爆破力学模型试验要求的相似材料配比问题.基于正交试验法,选取石英砂、重晶石粉、石膏、水泥和水为相似材料,设置以石英砂/固体、水泥/石膏、重晶石粉/(重晶石粉+石英砂)的质量比为3个因素,每个因素3个水平,共9组配比的正交试验方案.通过室内试验,得到相似材料的密度、单轴抗压强度、弹性模量和声波波速的实测数据.试验结果表明:相似材料的物理力学参数分布范围较广,可满足不同隧道模型试验对相似材料的配比要求.利用极差敏感分析法分析各因素对相似材料参数的敏感性,并通过各因素对相似材料参数影响的直观分析图,分析各因素对相似材料物理力学参数的影响规律.对试验数据进行多元线性回归分析和室内试验,发现最优配合比下的相似材料与原型砂岩的单轴应力-应变曲线具有相似的脆性破坏特征;相似材料物理力学参数的设计值和实测值误差较小.     

大尺寸工程模型试验中的相似材料配比试验研究

大型物理模型试验是研究复杂工程问题的重要方法，如何快速、准确地确定相似材料配比是试验中至关重要的一环.为降低试验成本、简化试验步骤、充分调用原料性能，采用河砂、水泥和石膏这三种最普通的原料，以骨胶比(河砂与水泥石膏的质量比)和水膏比(水泥与石膏的质量比)为变量，进行了45组对比试验，对相似材料的物理及动、静力学参数进行了研究.获得了以河砂、水泥和石膏为原料配制的相似材料各物理量的变化区间；探讨了骨胶比和水膏比对相似材料各物理量的控制作用，并对比了其敏感性；基于多元线性回归分析建立了各因素与物理量间的定量关系，得到的拟合公式能较好地描述相似材料的性质.     

Recent advances and challenges in materials for 3D bioprinting

3D bioprinting has been developed as a promising technology in a wide variety of biomedical applications. However, the successful implementation of bioprinting is still heavily restricted by the relatively narrow range of printable and biocompatible materials. Recently, many comprehensive reviews of the main bioprinting methods, commonly used bioprinting materials and the trending bioprinting applications have been carried out. In this review, we focused on the trends in the development of materials for 3D bioprinting. The significance and recent advances of ECM-based materials, multi-material and stimuli-responsive materials for bioprinting were summarized successively. Moreover, the challenges in current studies and future perspectives of materials for 3D bioprinting were discussed.     

A Layer-Stripping Method for 3D Near-Surface Velocity Model Building Using Seismic First-Arrival Times

In order to improve the efficiency of 3D near-surface velocity model building, we develop a layer-stripping method using seismic first-arrival times. The velocity model within a Common Mid-Point (CMP) ...     

基于老厂房改造的景观规划设计

随着城市化高速发展，老厂房再利用的问题日益急迫.上海是中国近代工业起源地,也是率先着手对彰显城市文脉的工业遗产进行调查和保护的历史文化名城.本文以上海典型案例入手，分析了具有代表性的老厂房改造的项目特点，并在此基础上，对常州大成三厂这一民国时期的纺织业遗留地块进行改造设计手法进行介绍，从设计理念、设计内容和节点设计3个方面，体现了文化传承和生态技术相融合理念.     

物联网和智慧城市数据处理与管理概念体系构建——以ITU-T数据处理与管理焦点组标准化项目为例

概念体系构建和术语工作是制定任何标准的基础,在多学科和多领域的场景中,构建概念体系和术语工作面临不同利益相关方需求不同而难以达成共识的巨大挑战。文章梳理了ITU-T FG-DPM在促进不同利益相关方和项目组成员之间达成通用概念共识构建统一术语及定义的经验,通过规范概念体系的构建过程,采用术语多维度协同视角来构建统一的数据处理与管理概念体系,促进了工作组和项目组内外在物联网与智慧城市领域数据处理与管理方面达成共识。文章对多学科多领域场景的概念体系构建和术语工作具有一定参考意义,并不局限于物联网和智慧城市领域。     

基于深度学习的建筑物识别

针对随着城市化的快速发展,城市与城市间的辨识度越来越弱,城市地标的概念越来越热门这一现象,提出了一种基于深度学习的建筑物识别方法;使用改进的Faster R-CNN算法作为训练模型,首先,将需要识别的图片输入深度神经网络,提取出特征框图;然后,模型通过区域建议网络预测目标建筑物所在位置的区域建议,并将这些区域建议映射到特征框图上,RoI Pooling层将这些区域建议转换成固定大小的特征框图;最后使用非极大值抑制从预测边界框中移除相似的结果,得到预测边界框以及边框中目标建筑物的类别和概率;实验结果表明:在训练数据集充足的条件下,使用此方法对地标建筑物的识别率能达到90. 8%,通过与其他模型比较分析,该模型具有较好的识别效果。     

旅游转型升级背景下传统干栏的民宿式更新——以龙脊景区的金竹寨为例

通过对广西龙胜各族自治县龙脊景区内民族村寨的田野调查,分析了村寨旅游开发及民居旅游转型的情况,从民宿经营策略、营建策略的角度对比分析金竹寨与景区内其他村寨干栏更新的现状,探索了旅游转型升级背景下传统干栏民宿式更新的内在机制与逻辑,明晰了传统民居因市场资本作用发生更新演变背后所隐藏的线索.     

A new microfiltration membrane with three-dimensional reticular architecture for Nano-pollutants removal from wastewater

This research provides a new insight into designing next-generation filtration materials for Nano-pollutants removal from wastewater, and potentially for gas/solid or liquid/solid separation in corrosive environment. Considering the high corrosion and oxidation resistance, Ti–40Al–10Nb–10Cr porous alloy was prepared by powder metallurgy and used as a mechanical support with a pore size of around 10 ?μm. Subsequently, metallic Zn nanoparticles was coated on the Ti–40Al–10Nb–10Cr porous framework by means of chemical vapor deposition, obtaining a novel microfiltration membrane with three-dimensional reticular architecture. Furthermore, the influence of Zn coating on surface morphology, pore feature, and filtration capability of Ti–40Al–10Nb–10Cr porous alloy was investigated. It is of note that the as-prepared microfiltration membrane exhibits an excellent Nano-pollutants filtration efficiency of greater than 99.989% from wastewater. Most importantly, such a three-dimensional reticular architecture provides excellent structural stability, allowing the reutilization of the microfiltration membrane for at least 200 filtration cycles of wastewater treatment.