微波辅助热水浸提桔梗多糖工艺研究

以桔梗多糖为研究对象,采用单因素及正交实验对微波辅助热水浸提桔梗多糖工艺进行了研究,分析了料液比、温度、提取时间、微波功率、粒度、微波时间等因素对多糖提取率的影响.实验结果表明传统热水提取法的最佳工艺条件:浸提温度80℃,提取时间240 min,粒度80目,料液比1∶20;微波辅助热水浸提桔梗多糖的最佳工艺条件:料液比1∶20,微波处理时间2 min,微波功率400 W,热水浸提温度80℃,粒度80目,热水浸提时间240 min.采取短时高频微波前处理利于多糖析出,再通过后续热水浸提,其多糖提取率为32.85%,高于传统热水浸提(16.59%)和微波提取(22.83%).     

迎春花多糖提取工艺研究

采用正交试验法研究迎春花多糖的提取工艺,考察了浸提温度、浸提时间、浸提次数、液料比4个因素对迎春花多糖提取率的影响．确立了迎春花多糖最佳提取条件为：液料比40：1,浸提温度为70℃,回流提取3次,提取时间为每次40min．     

超声波法从茶叶中提取苯多酚

介绍以陈年绿茶为原料，用超声波法提取茶多酚，并以常温浸提做比较，分别改变提取剂的浓度、体积、酸度、提取时间及料液比对产品提取率的影响进行了探讨。结果表明超声波提取茶多酚的最佳工艺条件为：70％乙醇作浸提剂，pH值为1～2，当浸提时间40min及料液比为1：10。两次超声辐射浸提后提取率为89．29／6，该法与常规溶剂提取法相比，具有提取温度低，产品得率高，氧化损耗小等特点。     

荔枝多糖的提取条件及含量测定

采用料水比、浸提温度、浸提时间3因素3水平的正交试验法优化了荔枝多糖的提取条件,并用硫酸-苯酚法对荔枝多糖含量进行了测定．结果表明,荔枝多糖最佳提取条件为：料水比为1：9,浸提温度为100℃,浸提时间为4h;荔枝多糖换算因子为1．45,多糖平均质量分数为4．36％,多糖含量测定相对标准偏差(RSD)为1．57％．     

异枝麒麟菜活性硫酸粗多糖的提取工艺优化

采用能有效保护抗病毒活性基团的直接水提法提取异枝麒麟菜活性硫酸多糖，通过正交试验研究了影响多糖得率的工艺参数：KCl质量分数、温度、时间、料液比；通过均匀试验研究了其中影响最大的因素的最佳水平．结果表明，温度和KCl质量分数为多糖得率的最大影响因素，其最佳水平分别为125℃和0．93％．结合实际情况，最佳提取工艺条件可为：浸提温度95～100℃、浸提时间6h、料液质量比1：90、KCl质量分数0．93％．     

满天星水溶性多糖提取及抗氧化活性研究

考察了水提法提取满天星水溶性多糖的工艺条件和体外抗氧化活性．采用L9（3^4）正交试验方法,研究了料液比、浸提温度、浸提时间、提取次数对提取效率的影响．在选定的工艺条件下,料液比和提取温度对满天星水溶性多糖提取率的影响大于提取时间、提取次数的,料液比和提取温度为主要影响因素;最佳工艺条件为料液比1：20、提取温度80℃、提取时间1．5h、提取次数三次．在最佳工艺条件下测得满天星粗多糖提取率为1．83％．体外抗氧化活性试验表明,满天星水溶性多糖能有效地清除DP—PH自由基,当满天星多糖浓度在0．30mg／mL以上时,对DPPH自由基的清除率超过81％．     

葎草叶蛋白提取工艺的优化

对配合使用酸法、碱法以及加热法提取葎草叶蛋白的工艺及工艺条件进行了初步的研究，以提高其蛋白质含量。分别进行了浸提剂pH值、料液比、打浆时间、浸提时间、汁液pH值和絮凝温度对蛋白质影响的单因素实验研究，结果表明，葎草叶蛋白的最佳提取工艺条件：常温下料液比1：5，打浆时间3min，浸提时间3min，浸提剂的pH值为6～8；葎草叶蛋白的分离条件为70℃时，沉淀分离得到叶绿体叶蛋白，调pH值为10时分离出细胞质叶蛋白Ⅰ，调pH值为2时分离出细胞质叶蛋白Ⅱ；葎草叶蛋白产品在60—80℃条件下干燥。采用此工艺提取葎草叶蛋白的得率为4．62％。     

响应面分析法优化羊栖菜多糖的提取工艺

针对羊栖菜多糖的提取，通过单因素实验选取实验因素与水平，根据BoxBenhnken的中心组合实验设计原理，在单因素试验的基础上采用三因素三水平的响应面分析法，依据回归分析确定各工艺条件的影响因子，以多糖提取率为响应值作响应面和等值线图．结果表明，羊栖菜多糖水浸提的最佳工艺条件为：提取温度85℃、浸提时间2．6h、水料比28：1；浸提1次时，羊栖菜多糖的提取率达到11．12％。     

微波强化提取大枣多糖的研究

通过正交试验确定了微波法强化提取大枣多糖的实验条件，并与常规的水浴提取法作了比较。结果表明，工艺条件为浸泡时间60min、pH6．5，微波处理5min，多糖浸提率为5．26％。与传统溶剂提取法相比，采用溶剂浸泡与微波提取集成技术提取大枣中的多糖具有明显的提取效果。     

微波辅助提取黄芪多糖的工艺研究

以水为提取剂，研究了微波辅助提取黄芪多糖的工艺，得到了微波辅助提取黄芪多糖的最佳工艺条件：液料质量比为12：1；用饱和石灰水调节pH=9；微波功率300W时提取2次，每次提取10min．提取液真空浓缩后，加入乙醇使多糖沉淀，过滤，沉淀用乙醇洗涤多次，真空干燥后即得黄芪粗多糖，产率为14．6％，纯度为88．1％．与直接加热提取法相比，微波辅助提取能缩短提取时间，降低提取剂用量，并能提高黄芪多糖产率。     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.