微藻细胞破碎方法的研究

采用反复冻融和超声波破碎法破碎17种微藻细胞，通过细胞破碎率和抗菌活性检测破碎效果，以选择适合不同微藻的破碎方法，利于胞内活性物质的提取．细胞破碎结果显示：经过12min的超声处理，所有实验藻种的破碎率均在90％以上，特别是扁藻、角毛藻以及球等鞭金藻和甲藻，仅处理3min，破碎率达到了99％以上，更适合超声波法破碎、反复冻融法破碎藻细胞，经过2次冻融，10种微藻的破碎率在95％以上，4种在60％-80％，3种小于40％，对此三种藻（分别是扁藻，小球藻和紫球藻）的破碎应选择超声或组合法；以金黄色葡萄球菌（S.aureus）为指示菌，采用琼脂扩散法检测细胞破碎率对抑菌活性的影响，抗菌活性表明：细胞充分破碎，有利于活性物质的释放和提取．     

海带中3-吲哚乙酸对海洋微藻生长代谢的影响

利用反向高效液相色谱、UV光谱扫描和质谱方法对海带(Laminaria japonicaAresch.)提取物中的3-吲哚乙酸进行定性和定量分析,结果表明海带提取物中含有3-吲哚乙酸.在此基础上,利用反向高效液相色谱方法对3-吲哚乙酸进行制备,并研究其对小球藻(Chlorellasp.)、盐藻(Dunaliellasalina)、角毛藻(Chaetoceros muelleri)、紫球藻(Porphyridiumcruentum)和球等边金藻(Isocrydid galbana)5种海洋微藻生长代谢的影响.实验表明海带3-吲哚乙酸浓度为0~100μmol/L时,小球藻、盐藻和紫球藻细胞生长均被促进;海带3-吲哚乙酸浓度对小球藻和紫球藻胞内蛋白质含量影响显著,对小球藻叶绿素含量影响极显著.研究为海带生长素类物质活性及海洋中大型藻与微藻生长关系的研究奠定了基础.     

固定化培养对球等鞭金藻生长及其提取物的抑菌效果影响研究

分别选用液体悬浮培养、海藻酸钙固定培养和海藻酸钠-壳聚糖-海藻酸钠（Alginate-chitosan—alginate,ACA）微胶囊法对球等鞭金藻（Isochrysisgalbana）进行培养,考察不同培养方法对藻细胞生长的影响以及藻细胞经磷酸缓冲液、体积分数95％的乙醇溶液、甲醇与甲苯的混合液（体积比为3：1）、乙酸乙酯、丙酮5种溶剂提取的提取物对金黄色葡萄球菌（S．aureus）和大肠杆菌（Escherichiacoli）的抑茵活性．结果表明,ACA微胶囊法培养的藻细胞生长周期长,提取物中抑茵物质含量高,抑茵效果最好．     

药用植物松塔的化学成分研究

目的：对松科（Pinaceae）华山松（Pinu sarmandii Franch．）松塔的化学成分进行研究，以期寻找活性成分。方法：松塔的乙醇冷浸提取浸膏，依次用石油醚、氯仿、乙酸乙酯和正丁醇萃取，分别得到石油醚、氯仿、乙酸乙酯和正丁醇的萃取物。氯仿和正丁醇萃取物用正、反相色谱法，MCI、Pharmadex LH-20凝胶柱色谱法和HPLC法分离，分离得到6个化合物。结果：根据理化性质和利用NMR、ESI—MS等波谱技术鉴定化合物结构，鉴定了其中的4个化合物：异海松烷（Ⅰ）；Dehydroabietic acid（Ⅱ）；β-谷甾醇（Ⅲ）；β-胡萝卜苷（Ⅳ）。结论：其中化合物Ⅰ～Ⅱ为首次从该种植物中分离得到。     

木棉皮抗消化道肿瘤活性部位筛选及抑制肿瘤转移机制

为筛选木棉皮醇提物抗消化道肿瘤活性部位，探究其抑制敏感肿瘤细胞增殖、转移作用机制，通过采用Cell Counting Kit-8 （CCK-8）法考查木棉皮醇提物不同极性萃取部位对人肝癌HepG2细胞、人胃癌SGC7901细胞、人结肠癌SW480细胞和人胰腺癌PANC-1细胞这四种肿瘤细胞的抑制作用，筛选出木棉皮醇提物抗肿瘤的活性部位和敏感细胞。采用细胞划痕实验、Transwell实验和细胞黏附实验，研究木棉皮醇提物抗肿瘤活性部位对敏感肿瘤细胞迁移、侵袭和黏附能力的影响。定量聚合酶链反应法（Quantitative polymerase chain reaction, qPCR）检测基质金属蛋白酶-2（MMP-2）和基质金属蛋白酶-9（MMP-9）基因的mRNA转录水平。结果表明，木棉皮醇提物不同极性萃取部位中石油醚部位对人胃癌SGC7901细胞和人肝癌HepG2细胞的抑制率最大，且对人胃癌SGC7901细胞最为敏感。随着木棉皮醇提物石油醚部位浓度增加，在24 h，48 h及72 h时间段人胃癌SGC7901细胞的迁移面积相对于空白组有所减小（P<0.05）。与空白组相比，木棉皮醇提物石油醚萃取部位有抑制肿瘤细胞侵袭能力且在一定浓度范围呈剂量依赖性（P<0.05）；随着木棉皮醇提物石油醚萃取部位浓度增加，细胞黏附抑制率逐渐提高（P<0.05）。木棉皮醇提物石油醚萃取部位可明显抑制MMP-2和MMP-9基因的mRNA转录水平（P<0.05）。可见，木棉皮醇提物石油醚萃取部位可通过调控MMP-2和MMP-9基因表达抑制人胃癌SGC7901细胞增殖、迁移、侵袭和黏附，提示该部位可能有抑制转移性胃癌细胞引起的继发性肿瘤作用。     

生漆中C15三烯漆酚的分离制备

石油醚萃取生漆后,用硅胶、MCI和ODS等多种分离填料进行三烯漆酚的分离制备,纯化的单体以H-NMR、3C-NMR和高分辨质谱鉴定结构.结果表明,石油醚可萃取得到大量漆酚,硅胶柱分离以石油醚-乙酸乙酯（V(石油醚)∶V(乙酸乙酯)=30∶1~10∶1）为洗脱溶剂进行粗分,MCI和ODS分离以甲醇-水（甲醇体积分数90%）为流动相进行纯化,最后得到较高纯度的单体漆酚（质量分数达96%）,经鉴定为一种三烯漆酚,3-(8′Z,11′E,13′Z-pentadecatrienyl) catechol.     

8种微藻抗菌活性研究

实验室培养的3种海洋微藻和5种淡水微藻，用甲醇和甲苯（3：1）混合液进行提取，亚心形扁藻和紫球藻还另用乙醚和丙酮2种溶剂进行了提取。提取物用圆形纸片法对4种细菌和3种真菌的生长进行了抑制实验，结果表明：在8种微藻中，有2种微藻（铜绿聚球藻和塔胞藻）的抗菌谱最广，分别对4种菌的生长有抑制作用。铜绿聚球藻的甲醇和甲苯（3：1）提取物对枯草芽孢杆菌的抗性最强。在所有的菌中，黑曲霉对微藻提取物最敏感，不同的微藻对革兰氏阳性菌和革兰氏阴性菌有不同的抑制作用。微藻对细菌的抑制作用大于对真菌的抑制作用。     

药用植物对蘑菇酪氨酸酶激活作用的研究

以采集自厦门周边地区的15种药用植物为材料,研究药用植物的提取分离物对蘑菇酪氨酸酶的效应.结果表明:绞股蓝乙醇提取物、金毛狗脊乙醇提取物、爵床乙醇提取物、大青乙醇提取物、溪黄草石油醚和乙酸乙酯萃取物、千里光乙酸乙酯和正丁醇萃取物、翅柄马兰石油醚和乙酸乙酯萃取物,以及金酸枣正丁醇萃取物具有轻微激活作用,激活率分别为3.4%、20%、20%、40%、38.3%、27.6%、36%、42%、20%、50%和30%;扭序花正丁醇萃取物、野慈姑乙醇提取物、毛麝香乙醇提取物、使君子乙酸乙酯和正丁醇萃取物、冬青氯仿萃取物具有较好的激活作用,激活率分别为55%、60%、68.2%、62%、60%和80%;而金酸枣石油醚萃取物、冬青乙酸乙酯萃取物、斑鸠菊正丁醇萃取物和白面风乙醇提取物具有明显的激活作用,激活率分别为120%、150%、170%、和327%.动力学分析激活机理主要有混合性、竞争性和反竞争性3种激活类型.     

30株海洋绿藻的总脂含量和脂肪酸组成

对１１属（小球藻属、绿囊藻属、策绿球藻属、卵胞藻属、原球藻属、咸胞灌属、杜氏藻属、裂丝藻属、塔胞藻属和衣藻属）的３０株海洋藻进行特定条件下的一次性培养,在指数生长收获,进行了总脂含量和脂肪酸组成的分析。２１株海洋绿藻的总脂含量超过干重的１０％,达１１．６１％～３４．４９％,其它９株在４．２５％～９．４８％之间,绿藻的１６碳和１８碳脂肪酸最为丰富,有着含量较高的１６：０、１６：（ｎ－３）、１８：２（     

木芙蓉叶抗菌活性及其有效部位研究

采用乙醇回流法对木芙蓉叶粉末进行活性成分提取,用不同极性溶剂（石油醚、乙酸乙酯和水）对粗提物分别进行萃取。采用连续稀释法评价粗提物及其萃取组分对多种细菌的抗菌活性。结果显示乙酸乙酯和石油醚层萃取组分的抑菌活性良好,对各种菌株的最低抗菌浓度（MIC）在1.25~5 mg/mL之间。其中,石油醚萃取组分对枯草芽孢杆菌CMCC 63501的最小抗菌浓度达到0.625 mg/mL,抗菌效果最佳。乙酸乙酯萃取组分对四种耐药菌株也表现出较好的抗菌活性,其MIC值达到1.25或者2.5 mg/mL。本研究初步确定木芙蓉叶乙醇提取物具备广谱的抗菌活性,其有效部位为石油醚与乙酸乙酯萃取相,这为木芙蓉叶抗菌成分的提取分离及抗菌产品的开发提供了科学的理论及实验依据。     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.