纤维素酶产生菌的筛选及其固态发酵初步研究

用预处理的天然纤维素为碳源，从土壤中定向筛选出8株产纤维素酶能力较强的真菌，选取其中CMC糖化力（CMCase)和滤纸糖化力（FPA）均较高的JZ－H进行固态发酵实验，初步研究发现：该菌以杂草为碳源、（NH4）2SO4和蛋白胨为氮源、500mL三角瓶装干料10g、自然pH、30℃培养72h，发酵物的CMCase达128.5IU/g,FPA达75.8U/g。     

一株纤维素分解菌的分离选育

以天然秸秆纤维素为碳源,从土壤、酒糟及牛粪中共分离到5株能分解纤维素的真菌菌株.分别对其进行了滤纸分解度、羧甲基纤维素酶活力(CM C ase)、滤纸糖化力(FPA)和天然纤维素酶活力的测定.结果表明:F-25菌株对滤纸的分解能力最强,不到12 h滤纸全成糊状;同时羧甲基纤维素酶活力、滤纸糖化力和天然纤维素酶活力也最高,分别为2.884(m g/mL).30 m in、0.36(m g/mL).h和2768(m g/mL).d.     

高产纤维素酶菌株的筛选及产酶条件研究

从霉变的玉米芯中筛选到一株高产纤维素酶的菌株，经18S rRNA基因序列分析和菌株形态特性分析，确定该菌株为灰绿曲霉(Aspergillus glaucus)．利用固体纤曲培养产生纤维素酶，研究了培养基起始pH值、培养温度、培养时间、接种量、氮源、稻草粉与麸皮比例、表面活性剂等对菌株产酶的影响．在最适条件下菌株培养72h后，羧甲基纤维素酶(CMCase)活力高达6812U／g(干曲．下同)，滤纸酶活力(FPA)达172U／g．利用该菌株对蔗渣进行分解．其糖化率达36．4％．     

产辅酶Q10热带假丝酵母菌株C-1发酵过程优化

该文以热带假丝酵母（candida tropicalis）C-1为CoQ10的生产菌,通过发酵过程的优化,重点考察了碳源、氮源、接种量、酸碱度和装液量等对生物量和CoQ10产量的影响。发现氮源对产物合成影响最大,其次分别是酸碱度、装液量和碳源。优化后的发酵条件是：碳源,葡萄糖26g／L＋蔗糖26g／L;氮源,酵母膏7．5g／L＋蛋白胨7．5g／L;pH为6．5,装液量为40mL,发酵时间为30h,培养温度为30℃,CoQ10的得率为10．8mg／L。此外,加入适量的维生素B1、烟酸和铁离子等有利于CoQ10微生物细胞的生长和CoQ10产量的提高。     

哈茨木霉SDU3.87耐碱性纤维素酶液体发酵条件的研究

从碱性土样中分离出的1株哈茨木霉(T．harzianum)，液体发酵条件的实验表明，产酶最适的培养基初始pH为7．5，培养温度为28℃，摇床转速为160r／min；最适的单一碳源为麸皮，添加量为质量分数3．0％～5．0％；添加质量分数0．5％左右的复合氮源有利于产酶的提高；诱导物纤维素CF—11和微晶纤维素的最适添加量分别为质量分数2．0％和1．0％；添加吐温80有利于产酶的提高，添加量质量分数0．2％；用300mL三角瓶液体摇床发酵时装样量80mL左右为宜；发酵周期5～6d，获得的粗酶液的内切酶活最高为1．85U/mL，FPA为0．96U/mL．水杨素酶活为0.81U／mL。     

粪产碱杆菌青霉素酰化酶在枯草芽孢杆菌中的表达优化

在5L发酵罐中进行了表达粪产碱杆菌青霉素G酰化酶的重组枯草杆菌WB600(pMA5)的发酵研究。实验表明，发酵液中的葡萄糖浓度和菌体产酶能力密切相关，维持低葡萄糖水平，可以提高枯草杆菌WB600(pMA5)青霉素G酰化酶的合成能力。采用混合碳源进行发酵，在生长阶段流加葡萄糖，并维持低浓度，在发酵12h菌体浓度达到约13．8g／L时停止流加葡萄糖，使茵体利用发酵液中的可溶性淀粉作为碳源，避免葡萄糖的代谢副产物对茵体产酶能力的抑制，青霉素G酰化酶的表达水平从原来的55u／L提高到582u／L。     

康氏木霉产酶发酵固体培养基优化研究

为利用廉价的培养基生产纤维素酶复合制剂，本实验采用培养基配方选择试验和双温度培养法对康氏木霉F244产酶特性进行了研究．在测定滤纸酶(FPA)、棉花酶、羧甲基纤维素酶(CMCase)、β-葡萄糖苷酶和果胶酶活力的基础上利用SPSS建立回归方程，全相关系数分别达到0．852，0．941，0．964，0．703，0．899，而后通过无约束规划求解找到最佳配方，并对酶活进行了预报和对比．结果表明：各酶活最大时对培养基各成分的含量要求不同；应用稻草粉质量分数20．3％，麸皮质量分数26．1％，(NH4)2SO4质量分数7．9％，水分质量分数45．7％的配方发酵时，F244的FPA、棉花酶、CMCase、β-葡萄糖苷酶、果胶酶活可望达14．1，20．1，43．9，21．6，16．8IU／g，基本与里氏木霉Q9414在其推荐培养基上的产酶水平相当，而且该配方用料来源广泛，成本低廉，工艺简单，产品安全无毒．     

秸秆微生物降解及发酵生产乙醇的研究

目的 研究提高微生物降解秸秆的产糖率及利用秸秆降解物发酵生产乙醇的产率.方法 利用单一微生物纯培养和多种微生物混合培养降解秸秆产生可发酵糖,并对秸秆降解物采用非等温同时糖化发酵法(nonisothermal simultaneous saccharification and fermentation,NSSF)和同步糖化发酵法(simultaneous saccharification and fermentation,SSF)进行发酵生产乙醇.结果 采用黑由霉和康宁木霉混合培养降解秸秆时的纤维素酶活力显著高于其他5种降解形式,CMC糖化力(CM-CA)可达到3676U,滤纸糖化力(FPA)可达到680U;采用NSSF法发酵的乙醇产率显著高于采用SSF法发酵的乙醇产率,其最高可达到0.14 g/gDS.结论 采用黑曲霉和康宁木霉混合培养降解秸秆,并采用NSSF法进行发酵生产乙醇,与直接用酶降解秸秆发酵生产乙醇的产率相当,但是成本低于采用商品化的酶.     

一种新型生物膜反应器处理污水的研究

研究一种新型生物膜反应器-水力旋转生物膜反应器对生活污水的处理，研究表明最佳水力停留时间为4hr，本装置脱氮效果较好，停留时间为8hr时TN去除率达62．5％，氮的去除通过同步硝化反硝化反应．BOD面积负荷设置为5-7g／(m^2．d)较合适。     

微生物转化法制备雌酮的研究

从实验室保藏菌种中诱变筛选到一株简单节杆菌（Arthrobacter simplex）DW5，该菌株能将底物雄烯二酮衍生物转化为雌酮。本文主要对DW5菌株转化培养基和转化条件进行研究。结果表明，当转化培养基碳源为葡萄糖，氮源为蛋白胨，转化初始pH为7．0，装液量25mL／250mL三角瓶时，当投入底物浓度为5g／L，14h后雌酮转化率达90％。     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.