从五种天然色素提取废渣中分离果胶的初步研究

以紫甘薯、黑胡萝卜、甜菜黄、紫甘蓝和甜菜红5种色素提取废渣为原料,基于酸提醇沉的实验方法,比较了活性炭吸附、双氧水氧化及大孔树脂吸附3种脱色方法对果胶得率、酸不溶灰分含量及外观色泽的影响。研究结果表明:大孔树脂吸附脱色法效果最好,且经济;甜菜红废渣的粗提液颜色最深,需要采用大孔树脂吸附/双氧水氧化协同脱色法脱色;甜菜黄、紫甘蓝和甜菜红3种色素废渣提取果胶收率较高;酒精沉淀后的果胶采用离心收集法优于250目滤布过滤法。     

槲寄生总生物碱的提取工艺研究

优选提取槲寄生中总生物碱的最佳提取工艺.以离子交换树脂法提取,采用正交试验,以槲寄生中总生物碱的收得量为考察指标,优化总生物碱的提取工艺.结果表明,最佳提取工艺为盐酸渗漉液质量分数为0.2%,渗漉液的用量是药材的15倍,离子交换树脂的用量是药材的0.5倍,氨水用量是150 m L/mg药材.该提取工艺可以有效地提取出槲寄生中的生物碱,提取工艺合理、高效、经济.     

离子交换法提取D-对羟基苯甘氨酸

研究了离子交换树脂提取D-对羟基苯甘氨酸的方法,包括树脂的筛选,吸附条件和洗脱条件的确定.     

甘蔗糖蜜发酵液分离提纯L-赖氨酸的研究

本文主要研究赖氨酸发酵液的预处理,离子交换树脂提取,洗脱和脱色方面的工艺条件。甘蔗糖蜜发酵液经硫酸或盐酸酸化,离心沉降,澄清液在PH1.5—2.0上离子交换树脂柱,732NH4+型树脂离子交换吸附量为80—85克/升树脂,洗脱回收率在95%以上。用活性炭脱色,所得精制品纯度达98.5%,符合食品级标准。最后提出以732树脂提取,用氢氧化铵溶液洗脱为中心的赖氨酸提取过程的模式。     

从煤焦油洗油中提取喹啉的研究

对大孔型强酸性阳离子交换树脂提取煤焦油洗油中的喹啉进行了初步探讨.选用D001-CC型、D61型和001-7型3种树脂作比较试验.在静态试验条件下,3种树脂的吸附平衡时间为24～25 min;3种树脂吸附效能大小为D001-CC＞D61＞001-7; D001-CC型树脂的实际交换容量为理论值的1.2～1.3倍.通过动态离子交换柱的正交试验,确定动态条件下最佳提取组合为:树脂填料层高度为12 cm,液体流速为2.0 mL/min,离子交换树脂为D001-CC型. 喹啉富集液中的喹啉浓度可达39.5%,喹啉从洗油中的回收率达到85.54%.     

从柑桔皮中提取果胶的研究--优化工艺条件探讨

以柑桔皮为原料,采用酸法提取、真空浓缩、乙醇沉淀工艺提取果胶;优化工艺条件为水料比为201、pH值为2.1、提取温度为75℃、提取时间为60min,真空浓缩后体积约占原液的10%,混合后乙醇浓度约为50%;按最后确定的提胶工艺方案做了试验,结果为20g干柑桔皮产果胶3.58g,产率为17.9%;实验表明所选工艺条件是可行的,果胶质量符合要求,其产率也是理想的,对果胶生产有重要意义.     

湿苹果渣中提取果胶工艺条件的研究

以苹果加工利用后的湿苹果渣为原料,采用酸液提取、盐析沉淀法制取果胶.通过对酸解条件、盐析条件和脱盐条件的影响因素进行分析与研究,得到了提取果胶的最佳工艺条件和工艺参数.果胶的质量提取率约为1.5%,颜色为淡黄色.产品经过检验,达到QB2484-2000标准.此法将为工业化低成本生产果胶提供技术依据.     

离子交换法分解重晶石

本文讨论了用离子交换树脂分解重晶石的基本原理及方法,通过实验研究了单位重量树脂提取钡的能力与阴阳离子交换树脂重量比、矿石与阳离于交换树脂的重量比、P~H值、反应时间等各种因素的关系。确定了主要工艺条件。证明用离子交换树脂提取重晶石中的钡,生产钡盐是可行的。     

毛樱桃果胶的提取及含量测定

目的探讨毛樱桃果浆中果胶的提取工艺及含量测定,考察不同条件对果胶提取的影响.方法采用酸性水解乙醇沉淀法制取果胶;采用正交设计L_9(3~3)方法优化毛樱桃果胶的提取工艺;采用咔唑比色法测定其果胶含量.结果优选的毛樱桃最佳工艺条件:料液比为1∶6,提取温度为90℃,提取时间为2 h,毛樱桃果浆中果胶含量为4.613%.结论毛樱桃提取果胶具有可行性.     

由桔皮提取果胶工艺的研究

果胶广泛用于食品生产,它可以从多种农产品废料中提取,但以桔皮提取的果胶的质量较好.优质固体果胶有较大的胶凝强度,是生产优质糖果的重要原料.作为原料的桔皮,大部分当作废物没有利用,据初步估算,用桔皮提取果胶在经济上是可行的.由桔皮提取果胶工艺的研究分为三个步骤:小试,中试,确定工艺.一、小试结果用400克干枯皮,加800ml水,在具有搅拌器的反应器中进行水解反应,按实验设计法优选反应条件,确定为:pH=1.5～2.5,温度为80～85℃,反应时间约为0.5h.反应后,优质果胶溶于水中,经过滤,滤液中加入乙醇,即有棕色沉淀析出.过滤得到湿果胶,经洗涤、干燥后可以获得优质果胶.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

正~~     

An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.