运动发酵单胞菌定点整合质粒的构建

运动发酵单胞菌(Zymomonas mobilis)是目前发现的乙醇发酵能力最强的微生物之一,被认为是进行大规模乙醇生产的潜在菌种,但其可利用的碳源范围窄.对其进行分子生物学基础研究和基因工程改造的工作早在上世纪八、九十年代就开始了,但基于其独特的生物学特性,至今遗传操作手段仍不成熟.以大肠杆菌(E.coli)pBR328为出发质粒,分段插入带Z.mobilis乳酸脱氢酶基因ldh、分别作为左右同源臂、1.5 kb大小的DNA片段,构建了Z.mo-bilis定点整合型质粒pBR328-ldhR-ldhL(6 239 bp),此质粒两同源臂片段即ldhR和ldhL的中间有稀有酶切位点NotI和SfiI,以方便插入待整合片段.经Notl位点插入1 216 bp氯霉素抗性基因cml,将相应质粒pBR328-ldhR-cml-ldhL以环型和线型形式分别电击转化Z.mobilis ZM4菌株,都成功筛选到了ZM4 ldh::cml菌株,证明此定点整合质粒是方便可用的,为对Z.mobilis的定点遗传操作提供了很好的基础.     

运动发酵单胞菌RecET重组系统的构建及应用

为了提高外源基因整合到染色体的效率,在已构建的运动发酵单胞菌-大肠杆菌穿梭载体基础上,构建了RecET表达质粒pSUZM3a-RecET.选取乙醇脱氢酶Ⅰ(adhA)基因作为靶基因,四环素抗性基因(Tcr)作为筛选标记基因,检测RecET重组系统在Z.mobilis中进行基因重组的可行性.将两端带有60bp adhA基因同源臂的四环素抗性基因片段电击转化含有RecET重组系统表达质粒的运动发酵单胞菌ZM4,获得adhA基因缺失突变菌株.对突变菌株adhA基因的PCR产物进行测序发现,adhA基因已被置换为四环素抗性基因.上述结果表明:RecET重组系统在运动发酵单胞菌中具有高效、便捷和可操作性,只需60bp同源臂即可完成同源重组.     

大肠杆菌—枯草杆菌穿梭质料载体pSUGV4的构建

作者用DNA重组技术,构建了大肠杆菌-枯草杆菌空梭质粒载体pSUGV4,它是以大肠杆菌（Es-cherichia coli）质粒载体pUC18为骨架,与来自空梭质粒表达载体pREP9含有革兰氏阳性菌复制起点（ori^ )和卡那霉素抗性（kan^r)基因片段重组而成,上述穿梭质粒载体可用于在大肠杆菌（E.coli）和枯草杆菌（Bacillus subtilis）中进行基因克隆工作。     

运动发酵单胞菌快速发酵甘薯淀粉产乙醇的研究

该研究对实验室保存的4株运动发酵单胞菌（Zymomonas mobilis CICC10225, ATCC29191, CICC10232, IFFI10225）在不同葡萄糖浓度的合成发酵培养基及甘薯糖化液发酵培养基中的乙醇发酵能力进行比较,然后以筛选出的乙醇发酵效率最高的Z.mobilis CICC10225 为出发菌株,进行了较深入的以甘薯为原料的乙醇发酵研究,结果显示：Z.mobilis CICC10225具有快速代谢底物生产乙醇的能力,游离细胞乙醇发酵时,最高乙醇浓度达79.8 g/L,     

肝片吸虫保护性抗原基因在卡介苗中的表达

用ECoR　I酶切合肝片吸虫保护性抗原基因FH3的重组质粒pUC18／FH3，回收FH3(约1．0kb)片段并测定其碱基序列．FH3片段以正确相位插入到E．coli—分枝杆菌穿梭表达质粒载体pMV261中，构建含有肝片吸虫保护性抗原基因的重组穿梭质粒．通过电转移法转化卡介苗，斑点杂交实验汪明，重组卡介苗中含有此抗原基因．热诱导FH3基因在卡介苗中的表达，并对基图表达产物进行别SDS—PAGE分析．结果显示，表达产物相对分子量为22kD．     

含α-乙酰乳酸脱羧酶基因重组酿酒酵母的啤酒发酵

利用E .coli和酿酒酵母的穿梭质粒pYES2为载体 ,将地衣芽孢杆菌α 乙酰乳酸脱羧酶基因导入酿酒酵母中 ,构建了重组质粒pYEA ,实现了α 乙酰乳酸脱羧酶基因在酵母菌中的表达 .α 乙酰乳酸脱羧酶基因在酵母菌中的表达与菌体生长有关 .pYEA质粒在无选择压力的发酵条件下 ,仅能保持一定的稳定性 ,并具有降解α 乙酰乳酸的能力 ,但丢失率比较高 .     

糖多孢红霉菌酮还原酶域在羰基还原中的应用

为研究糖多孢红霉菌聚酮合成酶模块1的酮还原酶域,催化羰基还原的底物特异性和立体选择性,PCR扩增了该酶域的编码基因(eryKR1),并将其克隆到表达载体pET-28a,得到重组质粒pET-eryKR1,转化到Escherichia coli BL21(DE3)后,获得了重组菌株E.coli BL21(pET-eryKR1).将E.coli BL21(pET-eryKR1)和异源表达枯草芽孢杆菌葡萄糖脱氢酶基因的重组大肠杆菌E.coli BL21(pET-gdh1)进行双重组菌耦合,对4-氯乙酰乙酸乙酯、苯乙酮、2-辛酮和环己酮4种底物进行转化还原,利用气相色谱分析转化液,结果显示E.coli BL21(pET-eryKR1)对环己酮的还原效果较好,产物环己醇的得率最高可达93.24%,而对其他3种底物几乎没有还原能力.利用E.coli BL21(pET-eryKR1)2催化2-甲基环己酮不对称还原,产物主要为顺式-2-甲基环己醇,产率可达41.87%,产物的对映体过量值为74.81%.     

运动发酵单胞菌丙酮酸脱羧酶基因的克隆及在大肠杆菌中的表达

以总DNA为模板，采用PCR技术克隆得到运动发酵单胞菌(Zymamonas mobilis）丙酮酸脱羧酶(pyru—Vate decarboxylase)基因pdc，将该基因连接到表达裁体pSE380上，得到重组质粒PSE—pdc,将此重组质粒转化到受体菌E．coliDH5α中，挑取重组菌株．经IPTG诱导后，在乙醛指示平板检测到丙酮酸脱羧酶活性．SDS—PAGE电泳结果显示出明显的特异性蛋白质条带：其分子量约为60KD．     

大肠杆菌L-组氨酸生物合成途径的改造及其对工程菌L-组氨酸产量的影响

改造大肠杆菌L–组氨酸生物合成途径,以提高L–组氨酸的产量.用NTG诱变大肠杆菌M-17(SGr),依次赋予其2–噻唑丙氨酸(2-TA)和组氨酸氧肟酸盐(HisHx)遗传标记,再以突变株M-18(SGr+2-TAr+HisHxr)基因组为模板,扩增组氨酸操纵子基因,构建出重组质粒pUC118-his-operon,将重组质粒导入突变株M-18(SGr+2-TAr+HisHxr)得到工程菌E.coli M-19(SGr+2-TAr+HisHxr/pUC118-his-operon).根据zwf和prs基因序列分别合成引物进行PCR扩增,PCR产物与载体pSTV28连接,构建重组质粒pSTV28-zwf、pSTV28-prs和pSTV28-zwf-prs,将重组质粒分别转化至工程菌E.coli M-19,摇瓶发酵测定重组工程菌L–组氨酸的产量.摇瓶发酵结果显示,L–组氨酸产量与对照株相比,工程菌E.coli M-19提高了4.5倍,双质粒系统重组工程菌E.coli MZH-19、E.coli MPH-19和E.coli MZPH-19分别提高了5.14、5.78、8.43倍.     

菠菜43 kD叶绿素a结合蛋白编码基因克隆及原核表达条件优化

将菠菜43 kD叶绿素结合蛋白编码基因亚克隆至原核表达载体pET-28a上,构建重组表达质粒pET-28a-psbC转化感受态E.coli BL21(DE3),经IPTG诱导实现了外源基因的可溶性表达.探讨了含组氨酸标签融合蛋白的最佳表达条件(包括表达单克隆、时间、温度对表达的影响).利用Ni2+-Sepharose 4 Fast Flow亲合层析纯化出His-apo CP43蛋白.体外重组实验证实 His-apo CP43能特异结合叶绿素a,经过温和电泳分离纯化所得体外重组色素蛋白复合物具有与提取自类囊体膜的天然CP43相似(但不完全相同)的荧光特性.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.