桦甸油页岩固体热载体快速热解法干馏研究

建成了处理能力为 １０ｋｇ／ｈ固体热载体快速热解法干馏（简称新法干馏）连续实 验装置。在此装置上进行了桦甸油页岩热解实验，油页岩粒度０．５—２．５ｍｍ； 页岩灰 渣是热载体，温度为７００—７５０℃；油页岩干馏温度范围为４４５～５２４℃；热载体与原 料页岩比为３—４．油收率最佳干馏温度为４９０℃左右，油收率可达低温干馏试验收 率的 ９０％以上。干馏煤气热值 １４．６—２５．６ＭＪ／ｍ３．页岩灰渣含碳甚低。桦甸油页 岩采用新法干馏技术有一定经济效益。     

褐煤固体热载体干馏新技术工业性试验

在平庄建成褐煤固体热载体干馏新技术（ＤＧ）工业试验装置。热的粉焦作为热载体。装置干馏褐煤能力为１５０ｔ／ｄ．ＤＧ法工艺含煤流化提升干燥、煤焦混合加热干馏、流化提升加热粉焦和流化燃烧等过程。在该装置上进行陕庄褐煤干馏试验。反应器的干馏温度达６００℃，产生的煤 所热值的１７ＭＪ／ｍ＾３左右；轻焦油中酸性份为１２％，中性油为４２％；半焦粉活性好，热值高于原料煤，可作为无烟燃料或作为流化气化原料。试验褐煤     

移动床中稻壳与固体热载体混和传热干馏的试验研究

对稻壳在热载体移动床中的混合干馏规律进行了试验研究,设计了一套固体热载体温和干馏实验装置,测定各种工况下的稻壳混和平馏煤气产率、煤气组份与热值。试验表明：选择循环灰温度在７００～８００℃,稻壳与循环灰量的混和比例为１：６～１：１０为最佳运行参量。研究结果对于煤气－蒸汽联产技术中稻壳移动床干馏煤气炉的设计和运行具有现实的指导意义。     

自煤气中回收氨,二氧化碳生产碳酸氢铵

以干馏煤气或城市煤气中的ＣＯ２和ＤＨ３直接合成ＮＨ４ＨＣＯ３较其他 ＮＨ４ＨＣＯ３生产方法更简便,有效。适合我国遍地开花的需要。通过实验证明用低浓度的ＮＨ４ＯＨ溶液吸收煤气中的ＣＯ２然后通过蒸馏,结晶方法得到ＮＨ４ＨＣＯ３ 结晶是可行的。考察了ＮＨ４ＯＨ的不同浓度Ｃ及不同的液气比Ｒ对ＣＯ２吸收效率和氨逸出的影响,得出以Ｃ＝１．５～２．５％,Ｒ＝１．０～１．５较好。蒸馏釜顶部温度控制在 ７５～９０℃,结晶罐入口混合气温度在３５℃时,可得到干燥的结晶。产品产率分别以 ＣＯ２或 ＮＨ３ 为基准计算时均可得到 ７０％和８４％以上的产率。 本文并对工业生产上之方法及采用的设备提出了初步意见。     

低乙烯气调贮藏对“秦美”猕猴桃的品质和货架期的影响

“秦美”猕猴桃含可溶性固形物达到６．２－６．５％时进行采收。在０±０．５℃,Ｏ２２－３％,ＣＯ２３－５％,相对湿度＞９０％,乙烯浓度＜０．０１ｐｐｍ环境中贮藏６个月。结果表明,果实硬度５．５２ｋｇ／０．５ｃｍ２,可溶性固形物含量１２－１４％;果实新鲜饱满、风味正常,具有猕猴桃的固有特性,货架期１５－２０天。     

绿色木霉固态发酵产纤维素酶条件及酶性质的研究

对绿色木霉 Ｔｒｉｃｈｏｄｅｒｍａ　ｖｉｒｉｄｅ９４０５固态发酵产纤维素酶的条件及酶的性质进行了研究。结果表明,最适产酶条件为：秸秆粉与麸皮的比 ７：３;玉米秸秆粉培养基含水量２５０％;花生皮粉培养基含水量１５０％;ｐＨ４．０～４．５;温度３０℃;周期７２ｈ。在玉米秸秆粉固体培养基上,所产纤维素酶ＣＭＣ活力为１３８６ｕ／ｇ,ＦＰＡ活力为２１７ｕ／ｇ,棉花糖化力为３２５ｕ／ｇ。必作用的最适条件为ｐＨ４． ５～５． ０,温度 ５０℃;在 ４５℃以下, ｐＨ３． ５～６． ０之间比较稳定,室温放置半年,酶活保存率在９０％以上。     

气相色谱内标法测定反应液中邻苯二酚和对苯二酚

采用φ３＊０．５＊０．５＊２０００不锈钢柱内填充１５％ＳＥ－５４／Ｃｈｒｏｍｏｓｏｒｂ（８０－１００目）,柱温１４０℃,检测器温度２８０℃,汽化温度３００℃,载气（Ｎ２）流速（３．８圈）６．０ｍＬ／ｍｉｎ。氢气流速（４．４圈）２５ｍＬ／ｍｉｎ,助燃气（空气）流速（５．５圈）２００ｍＬ／ｍｉｎ display structure     

La－Sm－Sn－O烧绿石型甲烷氧化偶联催化剂的研制

为了研制用于从天然气制取乙烯的，具有良好的催化活性、选择性和稳定性的催化剂，用溶胶－凝胶法合成了系列稀上－锡复合氧化物Ｌａ２－ｘＳｍｘＳｎ２Ｏ７（ｘ＝０．０，０．５，１．０，１．５，２．０）．用ｘＲＤ对其结构研究表明：Ｌａ２－ｘＳｉｎｘＳｎ２Ｏ７，系列稀土－锡复合氧化物均具有烧绿石型结构，属立方晶系，空间群为Ｆ３ｄｍ．同时发现其晶胞参数ａｐｙｒ随Ｓｍ掺入量增加而近乎线性减小．并在脉冲激反应器上，对其催化活性进行评价．结果表明：Ｓｍ２Ｓｎ２Ｏ７复合氧化物对甲烷氧化偶联反应具有良好的催化活性，在ＣＨ４／Ｏ２＝４，温度在８００℃～９００℃，Ｘ＝２．０时，Ｃ２选择性为３８．１％，产率为９．２％，其中Ｃ２＝的选择性为２７．９％，产率为６．４％．同时发现晶格缺陷的形成有利于催化剂催化活性的提高．     

低乙烯气调贮藏对“秦美”猕猴桃的品质和货贺期的影响

“秦美”猕猴桃含可溶性固形物达到６．２－６．５％时进行采收。在０±０．５℃,Ｏ２Ｏ－３％,ＣＯ２３－５％,相对湿度〉９０％,乙烯浓度〈０．０１ｐｐｍ环境中贮藏６个月。结果表明,果实硬度５．５２ｋｇ／０．５ｃｍ＾２,可溶性固形物含量１２－１４％;果实新鲜饱满、风味正常,具有猕猴桃的固有特性,货架期１５－２０天。     

机械活化苏打溶液分解白钨中矿试验研究

在投矿量为２００ｇ／次和１ｋｇ／次的规模下，进行了机械活化苏打溶液分解柿竹园白钨中矿的试验研究。结果表明，在苏打用量为理论量３倍、１８５～１９５℃保温１．５ｈ的条件下，连续２０次分解，渣含不溶ＷＯ＿３平均为０．２５％，钨平均分解率为９８．６％；在苏打用量为理论量２．５倍、２０５℃保温１．０ｈ的条件下，钨分解率为９８．４％。５ｋｇ／次规模下试验结果表明，钨分解率可达９８．３％。     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.