一种用于除湿溶液的新型太阳能耦合再生系统

为了提高太阳能溶液再生系统的运行可靠性,提出了一种用于溶液除湿空调系统的新型太阳能溶液耦合再生系统.分析了该系统的工作原理,建立了该系统的耗能模型,并与传统太阳能溶液热再生系统进行了对比研究.研究结果表明,在2种运行模式下,太阳能耦合再生系统与太阳能热再生系统相比具有较大的节能优势.在太阳能耦合再生系统运行模式下,太阳能集热/再生器出口处溶液浓度对太阳能耦合再生系统耗能的影响最大.在系统设计过程中,应将太阳能集热/再生器出口处溶液浓度设计得尽可能小.此外,太阳能集热/再生器的再生效率对太阳能耦合再生系统的耗能也有较大的影响.     

两级双溶液除湿系统性能研究

建立了两级双溶液除湿系统,其核心部件是采用氯化钙溶液预处理空气的第1级除湿器和采用氯化锂溶液的第2级除湿器,并利用数学模型对其除湿效果进行计算.结果表明:与采用氯化钙和氯化锂混合溶液(CELD,氯化钙与氯化锂质量比1:1)的系统相比,双溶液除湿系统的除湿效果更佳且能量利用率更高;在温度30℃、绝对湿度16.2 g/kg的工况下,双溶液除湿系统能够使空气的绝对湿度降至7.93 g/kg,系统的热力性能系数(COP)达到1.08;若采用太阳能驱动系统,当集热器出口的热水温度为87℃时,该系统性能最佳,COP值达到1.08;当热水温度为75℃时,基于太阳辐射的COP最高,其值为0.51.     

逆流太阳能溶液集热/再生器再生效率实验分析

对1 m×2 m×0.35 m逆流太阳能溶液集热/再生器进行实验研究,分析了影响太阳能溶液集热/再生器再生效率的各种影响因素.实验研究发现,常温溶液再生存在明显两段式分布,溶液再生效率随空气流量的增加先增后减,存在最大值;溶液再生效率随溶液流量增加而递减.加热溶液综合再生效率升高;而加热再生用空气其综合再生效率下降.采用含湿量为20 g/kg再生用湿空气的再生效率比用含湿量为10 g/kg的再生用湿空气的再生效率小0.16.随着太阳辐射强度的提高,溶液再生效率也相应增加.因此,逆流太阳能溶液集热/再生器应在空气较干燥、太阳辐射强度较高时运行,并选取适合的空气流量.     

低品位热驱动混合溶液除湿降温系统性能分析

对低品位热驱动混合溶液除湿降温系统的性能进行了模拟研究.基于混合溶液传质关联式,对混合溶液除湿、再生过程进行了数学建模,比较了不同浓度溶液除湿器和再生器出口空气含湿量的实验值与模型计算值,其误差均在10%之内,从而验证了模型的可靠性.模拟分析了混合溶液浓度对系统性能的影响,模拟结果表明:在设计工况下,使用48%混合溶液的系统送风参数为19℃,9. 7 g/kg,氯化钙和氯化锂的混合溶液的除湿能力与氯化锂溶液相当,而混合溶液成本则大大降低,成本最高可降低65. 7%;随着混合溶液浓度的增加,系统热力性能提高且输配能耗降低,但也会导致送风温度及含湿量偏高,因此为了满足送风及节能需求,需要合理地选择氯化钙和氯化锂的混合溶液浓度.     

液体除湿空调系统的实验研究

以实际液体除湿空调系统为对象,改变液体除湿空调系统中除湿器、再生器的输入空气、溶液的温度、湿度、流量、浓度等参数,研究输入参数变化对输出参数的影响.在优化的系统运行参数条件下,改变供能热源温度,研究液体除湿空调系统整体运行时输出参数的变化和系统制冷量、耗能量及COP值的变化规律.实验结果表明,当再生热源为90℃时,空调送风温度稳定在21℃,热力系数为0.6左右,基本能满足舒适性空调的送风要求.     

基于中高温冷凝热再生的溶液再生器模拟

为探究不同入口参数对溶液除湿再生量的影响,提出一种溶液除湿与中高温热泵耦合的空调系统,将中高温热泵的冷凝热应用于溶液除湿空调系统的溶液再生。通过建立溶液除湿再生器仿真计算模型,研究了不同入口溶液和空气参数下溶液出口浓度和再生器内温度分布情况,并与中低温冷凝热再生进行对比。结果表明:随着空气入口侧风量、溶液入口侧温度、溶液入口侧流量的增加再生量呈上升趋势;随溶液入口侧浓度的增加再生量呈下降趋势;在80℃附近的冷凝热溶液再生量比40℃时高1. 5～1. 9 g/s。     

蓄能型太阳能溶液除湿蒸发冷却空调系统研究

以实验的方法对采用填料塔式再生器的溶液除湿蒸发冷却空调系统的再生性能进行研究,得出了再生器热源温度在55.5 ℃工况下的传质系数和热源温度对出口参数有影响的结论.同时发现传质系数平均值约为0.32 mg/(m2·Pa·s),根据实验数据提出提高填料塔式再生器再生性能的方法.同时提出一种蓄能密度高的相变潜能蓄能模式,并在理论上对其进行定量分析,结果表明该种蓄能模式的蓄能密度一般在1 000 MJ/m3以上,这表明该蓄能方法比常规蓄能方法更为有效.     

LiBr溶液高温竖管降膜吸收过程的实验研究

针对吸收式太阳能海水淡化系统,设计了一套竖管降膜吸收实验装置,以溴化锂溶液为工质对装置进行了实验研究.通过改变水和溶液温度、喷淋量及溶液的浓度,测试了不同工况下系统的运行情况,得出溶液具有较好吸收率的基本条件,给出了系统最佳运行的参数范围.实验表明,在运行压力达到10 kPa和溶液浓度为50%左右的情况下,当被吸收水的温度高于30℃时,溶液已有较好的吸收速率,此时热源的温度仅为45℃～55℃,这十分有利于太阳能集热系统发挥供热效率.     

光伏/光热驱动的溶液除湿空调系统性能比较

为改进溶液除湿系统的性能,提出了一种应用太阳能光伏再生的方法.通过离子交换膜分离溶液中的溶质与水分,从而再生除湿溶液,利用太阳能光伏发电提供再生过程所需的能量.对光伏驱动的溶液除湿空调系统的再生原理与系统流程进行了介绍,建立了除湿再生部分的模型,对各部分进行了质量能量平衡的分析,并将新方法与传统光热再生方法的性能进行了分析比较.结果显示:新方法减小了高环境湿度的不良影响,提高了稳定性;新方法减少了系统对环境的污染;与有热回收的传统方法相比,新方法的性能与之相当,与无热回收的传统方法相比,新方法系统性能高出20%以上,在太阳辐射不足的情况下,新方法的再生性能可达到传统热再生方法的2倍以上.     

基于溶液除湿方式的温湿度独立控制空调系统性能分析

本文介绍了温湿度独立控制空调系统的工作原理,并重点介绍了湿度独立控制系统-溶液除湿空调方式。实验测量了溶液除湿空调系统的运行效果,溶液除湿空调系统的性能系数随着室内相对湿度的增加而降低。当使用75℃热水时,采用冷却水冷却的溶液除湿空调系统的夏季平均性能系数为0.93,采用排风蒸发冷却的溶液除湿空调系统的夏季平均性能系数为1.19。本文还给出温湿度独立控制空调系统的性能与常规空调系统在耗电量和运行能耗方面差异的分析方法,结果表明：采用溶液除湿空调方式的温湿度独立控制空调系统比常规空调系统节省约50%的耗电量,节省20～30%的运行费用。     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.