2013年—2017年危化品罐式车辆公路运输事故时空分布

为了有效地预防和控制危化品罐式车辆公路运输事故,明确事故发生的原因,运用统计学方法整理了我国2013年—2017年所发生的危化品罐式车辆公路运输事故,从时空角度研究事故发生的基本规律与特点.结果表明:2014年发生的危化品罐式车辆公路运输事故最多,达545起,之后逐年递减;3月—8月的危化品罐式车辆公路运输事故数都在170~200起,12月份达到了235起;在时段分布上,4：00—16：00是危化品罐式车辆公路运输事故的多发期,最高达258起;华东地区、华南地区是危化品罐式车辆公路运输事故的主要发生地;在高等级公路发生的危化品罐式车辆公路运输事故约占总事故起数的81.5%.     

基于AHP耦合度的危化品道路运输风险因素耦合特征

为分析危化品在道路运输过程中的风险因素相互耦合情况,构建以人、物、环境、管理4大风险因素为准则层的危化品道路运输安全风险因素指标体系,将层次分析法(AHP)和耦合度模型有机结合起来,建立了危化品道路运输耦合度评价模型,通过实例应用研究表明,该评价方法能够用来分析评价危化品承运企业道路运输的风险等级,为企业预防和控制危化品道路运输安全事故提供理论支持与决策依据.     

基于模糊集和改进DS证据理论的危化品道路运输体系贝叶斯网络风险分析

针对危化品道路运输体系中影响因素信息的不确定性和专家知识推断贝叶斯网络中条件概率表时存在的主观性,提出了一种将模糊集和改进Dempster/Shafer证据理论（DS证据理论）、贝叶斯网络结合在一起的危化品道路运输体系的风险评价方法。根据危化品道路运输体系的影响因素建立了相应的风险评价体系,确定各层级的评价指标。将专家对各评价指标的评价意见代入高斯型隶属度函数构造隶属度矩阵,进行改进DS证据理论数据融合,得到多位专家评价意见融合后的概率值分布。利用贝叶斯网络的推理功能,得出危化品道路运输体系的风险等级和其中各评价指标的概率值分布,找出体系薄弱环节并进行分析。以沈阳某危险货物托运有限公司为例进行研究,结果表明该公司中危化品道路运输体系的风险值为0.611 8,风险等级为较危险（V₂）,其中人员因素概率（60%）和管理因素概率（52%）所占权重较大,需要公司重点关注并加强管理。     

基于数字孪生技术的危化品车辆运输路径优化方法

针对危化品物流管控成本高、安全隐患检测困难、不确定因素较多等特点,基于数字孪生技术,建立孪生数据驱动下的危化品物流配送系统整体框架,实现对驾驶员疲劳状态及车辆故障预警等参数的实时监测。根据物理参数实现对危化品车辆调度物理空间的精准模拟与迭代优化。构建单一配送中心,带有时间窗约束的路径优化模型,以配送总成本最小为目标函数,结合孪生数据动态调整客户服务时间,采用遗传算法内核利用MATLAB求解数学模型。该方法有效解决了危化品物流调度过程中由于动态不安全因素对危化品运输成本带来的波动。     

公路运输有毒气体连续泄漏影响范围分析

提出一种确定公路运输有毒气体泄漏影响范围分析方法. 该方法从有毒气体扩散过程和交通流的通行过程两方面考虑,讨论了危化品连续泄漏的过程和特点. 在高斯模型的基础上,分析并确定了不同情况下有毒气体对公路上车流的实际影响范围. 最后,以京沪高速公路氯气泄漏事故为例,预测分析了有毒气体的影响范围,结果表明了研究成果的可行性和应用性.     

基于FUZZY-AHP的危化品仓储安全等级综合评价模型与应用

为降低危化品仓储风险,依据国家安全生产法和危险化学品管理相关条例,结合我国危化品仓储安全现状和安全事故"4M"因素,构建以人员素质、危化品物质因素、安全管理能力、环境因素为准则层的危化品仓储安全等级评价指标体系,将模糊综合评判(Fuzzy)和层次分析法(AHP)有机结合起来,建立了危化品仓储安全等级综合评价模型,通过实例应用研究表明,该评价方法能够用来分析评价危化品仓储安全等级,且对于提高现代危化品企业仓储的安全等级具有一定的指导作用.     

危化品交通运输安全风险管理策略探讨

在我国社会和经济快速发展的时代背景下,对危化品的需求量也在不断加大,危化品的运输量也随需求的增加而不断增涨,因此该文以危化品在交通运输过程中存在的安全风险为切入点,结合自己的思考给出了相对应的解决办法,希望以此来帮助企业提升在危化品交通运输过程中风险的防范能力,有效降低了危化品运输风险,从而帮助进企业实现更好的发展,保障人民群众生命财产安全,维护社会生态环境。     

基于模糊数学方法研究危化品实验室安全状况

近年来,危化品实验室安全问题越来越受到人们的关注。为减少危化品实验室安全事故的发生,论文基于层次分析与模糊数学原理相结合的评判方法,定性、定量分析影响危化品实验室安全状况的因素。选取某高校危化品实验室进行安全等级的综合评判,确定该危化品实验室的安全等级为良,并根据评判结果提出在改进实验室安全状况时重点考虑安全意识、应急预案和演练、防护装置和实验室排水等因素。并采用了欧几里得贴进度及模糊数学里的择近原则对评判结果进行了验证,通过以上分析可知该综合评判方法适用于危化品实验室安全状况的研究,其分析评判结果对改进危化品实验室安全状况,减小事故发生有研究意义。     

基于扎根理论与灰色关联的危化品道路运输事故致因分析

为科学预防并控制危化品道路运输事故发生,应用扎根理论对158起危化品道路运输事故典型案例进行了分析.通过开放性译码、主轴译码、选择性译码和理论饱和性检验确定了事故影响因素的28个范畴、12个主范畴和5个核心范畴,绘制了危化品道路运输事故鱼刺图,构建了事故影响因素灰色关联度计算模型,对12个主范畴进行了灰色关联分析,获得...     

以钉钉子的精神切实加强安全监管——桃源县探索危化品安全监管工作模式速记

<正>桃源县今年以来积极探索危化品安全监管工作新模式,扎实开展了专家诊断与隐患治理、危化品"打非治违"、危化品安全生产风险隐患"大排查大管控大整治"、危化品企业风险评估等多项行动,切实加强了危化品安全监管,严防事故发生。     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.