葵花籽粕中蛋白质提取工艺的优化

采用盐提法提取葵花籽粕中的蛋白质,以提取率为评价指标,采用单因素试验探讨NaCl浓度、料液比、提取温度、提取时间、pH值、提取次数对蛋白质提取率的影响,采用正交试验优化提取工艺。结果表明:葵花籽粕中蛋白质的最佳提取工艺条件为NaCl浓度1.5mol.L-1、料液比1∶14(g.mL-1)、温度50℃、提取时间1.5h、pH值8、提取2次,此条件下蛋白质提取率为54.8%。     

盐藻多糖提取及初步纯化

对提取β-胡萝卜素后的杜氏盐藻渣中多糖的提取、初步纯化和多糖脱色方法进行了实验研究.实验采用水浸提的方法,考察了提取温度、提取时间、液固比和pH值对盐藻多糖提取率的影响,盐藻多糖的最适提取条件为:提取温度:70℃,提取时间:4 h,液固比:30:1,pH值10,在此条件下,盐藻多糖的提取率为8.63%,多糖含量为65.73%.采用分级醇沉和分步醇沉的方法沉淀多糖,得到醇沉最佳条件为无水乙醇一步醇沉.采用中性蛋白酶水解脱除盐藻多糖提取液中蛋白质,脱除率为61.55%,脱蛋白后多糖含量为70.96%,采用过氧化氢对脱蛋白后多糖提取液脱色,脱色率为78.66%.     

蚂蚁蛋白质提取方法的比较研究

以铺道蚁(Tetramorium caespitum)为实验材料,采用正交试验法,对蚂蚁蛋白质的提取条件进行了研究.实验分别采用碱提蛋白法、盐提蛋白法、Tris-HCl缓冲液提蛋白法等3种提取方法.对其主要条件:不同浓度、浸提温度、浸提时间、固液比以及Tris-HCl液的pH值等进行了研究.结果表明,碱提蛋白法的最佳条件为:碱液浓度为1%,固液比为1∶15,浸提时间为60 min,浸提温度为80℃;盐提蛋白法的最佳条件为:盐液浓度为1.5%,固液比为1∶15,浸提时间为60 min,浸提温度为50℃;Tris-HCl缓冲液提蛋白法的最佳条件为:pH值为8.3,固液比为1∶15,浸提时间为90 min,浸提温度为20℃.在这3种方法中,碱提蛋白法的蛋白质得率最高,其次为盐提蛋白法,而Tris-HCl缓冲液提蛋白法最低.     

酒糟中蛋白质的提取工艺

采用响应面法优化酒糟中蛋白质的提取条件.在单因素实验的基础上,选取醇碱比、固液比、提取时间为影响因子,应用Box-Behnken中心组合进行3因素3水平的实验设计,以蛋白质提取率作为响应值,进行响应面分析.结果表明,酒糟中蛋白质最佳提取条件为:提取时间87.2min,固液比(g/mL)为1:42.3,醇碱比为1:2.7,提取率预测值19.57%,验证值19.40%,与预测值的相对误差0.88%.     

基于大肠杆菌蛋白质质谱鉴定的阳离子交换色谱优化研究

以大肠杆菌蛋白质的胰蛋白酶切产物为研究对象,对蛋白质的提取效率进行初步探讨,重点是对多维色谱分离中常用的强阳离子交换色谱的分离条件,包括缓冲液的种类、pH值,洗脱盐的种类、有机溶剂的比例以及上样量进行了考察和比较.结果表明:功率为400W,超声时间为15min,蛋白质的提取效率达到最高.在强阳离子交换色谱分离线性上样量范围内,10mmol/L磷酸二氢钾(pH=3.0)作为缓冲体系,在氯化钾溶液作为洗脱盐、流动相中乙腈的体积分数为30%的条件下进行梯度洗脱时,可获得最佳的分离结果.     

长柄扁桃种仁蛋白粉的提取方法研究

目的以长柄扁桃种仁为原料,对植物蛋白粉的提取方法和沉淀方法进行研究,通过单因素实验确定蛋白粉最佳提取工艺。方法分别考察了碱提蛋白法、水提蛋白法和盐提蛋白法3种提取方法,及酸沉法、醇沉法和盐沉法3种蛋白沉淀方法;考察提取时间、提取温度及料液比对蛋白提取率的影响。结果单因素实验确定水提法最佳提取条件为:温度30℃,时间50min,料液比1:9,在此条件下,蛋白提取率为50.7%。蛋白粉中蛋白质量分数达94.8%,脂肪仅为0.96%。结论水提酸沉法为长柄扁桃蛋白粉实验室最佳提取方法。     

鲢鱼鱼鳞蛋白提取工艺研究

以鲢鱼鱼鳞为研究对象,研究了提取温度,提取时间,料液比对鱼鳞蛋白质提取率的影响,并进一步通过正交实验对其提取工艺进行了优化。研究结果表明:鱼鳞蛋白质提取率随着提取温度、提取时间、料液比的增加而提高。其提取的最佳条件是:提取温度90℃,提取时间6 h,料液比1:25,在此条件下鲢鱼鱼鳞蛋白质的提取率为77.41%。     

高纯度大米淀粉的提取

本文以大米为原料,采用碱法提取和碱性蛋白酶提取高纯度大米淀粉。碱法采用浓度为0.4%的NaOH溶液,料液比为1:7,温度为60℃,提取时间为6小时的最佳条件,测得蛋白质残余率为0.486%,大米淀粉提取率为92.74%。酶法提取采用0.02Au/g的碱性蛋白酶结果为:在pH8.5、温度为55℃,料液比为1:5,酶解时间4小时的最佳条件下,测得蛋白质残余含量为0.454%,大米淀粉提取率为84.1%。虽然碱法大米淀粉的提取率略高于酶法,但强碱处理不仅会引起大米蛋白质理化性质的改变,还会产生有毒物质,因此,采用酶法提取更安全和环保。     

螺旋藻蛋白质提取工艺研究

以钝顶螺旋藻粉为原料, 经复水、胶磨、均质、浸提, 及等电点法, 提取其中的蛋白质,同时研制出钝顶螺旋藻蛋白质提取工艺条件, 使产品的蛋白质含量达89-8 % . 蛋白质的提取率达98 % .     

番茄红素的提取及纯化条件的研究

对番茄中番茄红素的提取和粗制品的纯化条件进行了研究,实验证实,选用丙酮作为提取剂,液料比8∶1,提取温度50℃,提取时间30min时,提取效果最佳.进一步利用单因素分析法和正交实验法确定了洗涤纯化的条件,从而得出碱洗与盐洗的最佳条件.碱洗的最佳条件:用1mol/L NaOH溶液,洗涤时间1h,温度40℃;盐洗最佳条件:用20%NaCl溶液,洗涤时间为1h,洗涤温度50℃.搅拌的纯化效果比不搅拌的好.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

正~~     

An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.