应用Bulked-DNA寻找白菜型油菜核雄性不育基因的RAPD标记

采用随机扩增多态ＤＮＡ（ＲＡＰＤ）标记方法从白菜型油菜核不育两用系中筛选出了一个与白菜型 油菜育性基因连锁的ＲＡＰＤ标记。该ＤＮＡ片段大小约０．７２ｋｂ,与育性基因之间的遗传连锁距离为６．０８ｃＭ,ＬＯＤ值为９．１０。     

斜纹夜蛾核多角体病毒egt基因的克隆和部分序列分析

用ＡｃＭＮＰＶｅｇｔ基因中的保守区部分片段为探针,通过Ｓｏｕｔｈｅｒｎ杂交确定ＳｌＭＮ－ＰＶｅｇｔ基因的位置在ＰｓｔⅠ４９７０ｂｐ和ＸｂａⅠ２６００ｂｐ的片段上．采用双链ＤＮＡ序列分析方法测序,在２６００ｂｐ片段上的ＥｃｏＲⅠ位点两侧得到５９４ｂｐＤＮＡ碱基序列,用计算机ＤＮＡＳＩＳ和ＰＲＯＳＩＳ软件,将５９４ｂｐＤＮＡ碱基序列所推测的氨基酸序列与ＡｃＭＮＰＶ和ＳｌｉＭＮＰＶ的ｅｇｔ基因氨基酸序列进行同源比较,其同源性分别为４５％和８６．５％．     

斜纹夜蛾NPV多角体基因的克隆和部分测序

本文对ＳＩＮＰＶ基因组作了酶解分析，测得其基因组大小为１４５ｋｂ，并用双酶法确定了ＳＩＮＰＶ基因组的ＨｉｎｄⅢ和ＰｓｔⅠ物理图谱。以含ＡｃＮＰＶ多角体基因的质粒ｐＡＣ－Ⅰ的ＳａｌＩ－Ｃ片段为探针，对ＳＩＮＰＶＤＮＡ酶切片段ｓｏｕｔｈｅｒｎ转印杂交结果，初步判断多角体基因定位于ＰｓｔＩ－Ｂ／Ｃ／Ｄ片段、ＢｇｌⅡ－Ｃ／Ｄ片段、ＢａｍＨＩ－Ｂ／Ｃ片段和ＥｃｏＲＩ－Ａ／Ｂ片段上，且ＳＩＮＰＶ与ＡｃＮＰＶ多角体蛋白基因有６４％的同源性，而以大肠仟菌质粒ｐＵＣ１９为载体对ＳＩＮＰＶ的多角体基因试克隆，得到带有ＢｇｌⅡ－ＰｓｔⅠ双酶切片段的２个克隆子。对这两个杂交阳性克隆子之一的核苷酸序列测定，表明插入片段与ＢｍＮＰＶ多角体基因上游序列亦有一定同源性。     

动物的同源异型基因

同源异型基因对动物的发育有着重要的调控作用，从１８９４年首次观察到现象，至今已可以从分子水平上进行研究其行为；人们把其分成两大类：一类为Ａ－Ｐ型，一类非Ａ－Ｐ型同源异型片段一般具有很强的保守性，同源异型基因的表达具有自主性，方向性和衔接性。     

水稻共生菌DX01的分子鉴定及电击转化条件的初步探索

用ＰＣＲ的方法扩增了水稻表面共生菌ＤＸ０１的１６Ｓ ｒＤＮＡ片段,并进行了部分序列的测定和ＢＬＡＳＴ同源序列比较分析,结果表明,该序列３’端５５０ｂｐ与短小芽孢杆菌（Ｂａｃｉｌｌｕｓ ｐｕｍｉｌｕｓ）１６ Ｓ ｒＤＮＡ的同源性达９９％,５‘端６８０ｂｐ为９８％,故ＤＸ０１应为Ｂ．ｐｕｍｉｌｕｓ。对其电击法转化的部分条件进行了初步的探索,结果表明：当细菌处于Ｄ（６００）为０．９的生长期时,使用ＰＥＢ     

维甲酸激活表达的人肺腺癌细胞分化相关基因的筛选

通过对维甲酸诱导的人肺腺癌细胞ＧＬＣ－８２ ｃＤＮＡ消减文库的筛选，获得２个特异存在于维甲酸诱导１天ｃＤＮＡ文库中的ｃＤＮＡ片段ＲＡ９７及ＲＡ１０７，测序后与最新ＧｅｎＢａｎｋ提供的序列比较，ＲＡ９７与人２２号染色体臂１３区ＰＡＣ４０８Ｎ２３同源性很强，其中一段与ＰＡＣ４０８Ｎ２３完全同源，此片段与可能的肿瘤抑制基因ＳＮＣ６同源性也相当强，其中一段与ＳＮＣ６完全同源，提示这一ｃＤＮＡ片段可能与肿瘤     

黑曲霉(Aspergillus niger)三磷酸甘油醛脱氢酶基因(GPD)的序列测定与同源性分析

ｐＡＮＧＰＤ是用构巢曲霉ＧＰＤ基因片段为探针,从黑曲霉基因组文库中筛选到的一个三磷酸甘油醛脱氢酶基因（ＧＰＤ）阳性克隆．作者对该阳性克隆进行了亚克隆和序列测定,结果表明,基因片段总长２４４１个核苷酸（ｎ．ｔ）,其中５’－端非编码区长９８１ｎ．ｔ,编码区（从起始密码子ＡＴＧ到终止密码子ＴＡＧ）长１４４６ｎ．ｔ,３’－端非编码区长２４ｎ．ｔ,基因启动子区含有ｇｐｄ－盒和ＣＴ－盒序列,但无明显的ＣＡＡＴ盒和ＴＡＴＡ盒序列．ＧＰＤ基因由７个外显子和７个内含子构成,外显子全长１００８ｎ．ｔ,编码的蛋白质长３３６个氨基酸残基．通过序列比较分析,发现该基因与构巢曲霉的ＧＰＤ基因有许多相似之处;它们的基因启动子序列都含有ｇｐｄ－盒和ＣＴ－盒,其同源性分别为９６％和６５％;推测的两个ＧＰＤ蛋白的氨基酸同源性高达９０％;两个基因所含内含子数目及位置相同．     

籼型光敏核不育水稻的RAPD分析

以籼型光敏核不育水稻８９０２ｓ及其可育近等基因系材料８９０２的核ＤＮＡ为模板，进行ＲＡＰＤ分析，从检测过的１５个引物中发现引物ＯＰＡ－０４在可育品系和不育品系中扩增出１个１０００ｂｐ的差异带，并初步认为此差异与育性相关     

斜纹夜蛾NPVp74基因的克隆及部分序列分析

以含ｐ７４基因的ＡｃＮＰＶＥｃｏＲⅠ－Ｐ片段作探针,与ＳｌＮＰＶ基因组在非严格条件下进行Ｓｏｕｔｈｅｒｎ杂交,将ＳｌＮＰＶｐ７４基因定位于４９００ｂｐ的ＳｌＮＰＶＸｈｏⅠ－Ｐ片段．对ＳｌＮＰＶＸｈｏⅠ－Ｐ片段中的一段９４０ｂｐ的ＤＮＡ片段进行序列测定,通过ｉｎｔｅｒｎｅｔ经ＢＬＡＳＴ与Ｇｅｎ－Ｂａｎｋ中的ｄａｔａｂａｓｅ比较分析发现,序列中的一段２４３ｎｔ序列与ＡｃＮＰＶｐ７４基因有６０％的同源性,一段８１ｎｔ序列与ＡｃＮＰＶｐ７４基因的同源性高达７９％．与ＣｆＮＰＶｐ７４相比,２段２６４ｎｔ和１００ｎｔ序列分别有６０％和７１％的同源性．测得序列中的部分序列与ＢｍＮＰＶ、ＯｐＮＰＶｐ７４基因也有高达５８％～７８％的同源性．同时,这部分序列编码的氨基酸与ＡｃＮＰＶ及ＯｐＮＰＶＰ７４蛋白的氨基酸序列也有很高的同源性．结果表明所测序列的一部分为ＳｌＮＰＶＰ７４蛋白Ｃ－端的编码序列．     

反义基因逆转肿瘤细胞多药耐药性和诱导细胞凋亡的研究

探讨克服肿瘤细胞多药耐药（ＭＤＲ１）性的方法,提高化疗效果。本文采用多药耐药反义基因（ＭＤＲ１－ＲＳＰＳ－ＯＤＮ）逆转Ｋ５６２／ＡＤＭ肿瘤细胞的ＭＤＲ１,诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡,发现ＭＤＲ１－ＡＳＰＳ－ＯＤＮ诱导Ｋ５６２／ＡＤＭ细胞株细胞产生大量ＤＮＡ断片,ＦＡＣＳ检测发现几乎全部ＭＲＤ＋Ｋ５６２／ＡＤＭ细胞发生凋亡。其结果表明ＤＭＤＲ１－ＡＳＰＳ－ＯＤＮ能有效、特异地抑制ＭＤＲ１基因表达,逆转肿瘤细胞的ＭＤＲ１,促进阿霉素诱导ＭＤＲ＋１Ｋ５６２／ＡＤＭ细胞凋亡,为其临床应用提供理论依据     

水稻光温敏雄性不育基因连锁标记的分离与鉴定

两系法杂交稻是一种利用水稻杂种优势的重要途径，主要依据水稻光温敏雄性不育系在不同条件下的育性转换用于配制杂交种．以培矮64S(PTGMS)与明恢63杂种自交的F2代为供试材料，采用随机放大多态性DNA(RAPD)技术分离与培矮64S的PTGMS基因连锁的分子标记．在F2代2个分别代表可育和不育的群体以及亲本株系中，采用100个RAPD引物扩放基因组DNA筛选多态性DNA片段．RAPD引物S8产生的DNA片段中，除重复顺序外，有一个长度为0．85kb片段为单拷贝．分子杂交表明，这一单拷贝标记与培矮64S的PTGMS基因连锁．     

Identification of RAPD marker linked with fertility-restoring gene of cytoplasmic male sterile lines in upland cotton

Bulked segregant analysis was employed to construct two mixed DNA pools to screen the RAPd marker linked with the fertility-restoring gene(Rf _i) of upland cotton. A total of 425 arbitrary 10-mer oligonucleotide primers were screened on two DNA pools, bulked male fertile and sterile DNAs isolated from BC₃ segregating population of (0-613-2R X Simian No. 3). Three primers produced repeatable polymorphisms between the paired bulks and their parents. DNA was extracted and amplified with these three primers for 92 plants of (Zhong 12A-1 × 0-613-2R)F₂. Based on the male fertility scoring and RAPD amplification, it is found that one RAPD marker fragment designated OPV-15₃₀₀ was linked with the fertility-restoring gene (Rf₁) with a recombination value of 13.0±2.57%.     

水稻苯达松敏感致死基因的RAPD标记的克隆及测序

用3S Spin DNA Agarose Gel Purification Kit试剂盒将与水稻苯达松敏感致死基因相连锁的RAPD遗传标记S20—420和S316—600回收纯化，连接于pGEM—T载体并克隆测序，得到了S20—420和S316—600的全序列，其长度分别为423bp、606bp．将两端序列设计特异PCR扩增引物可用于检测水稻苯达松敏感致死基因和标记辅助育种．     

Molecular markers linked to Rsa resistant to soybean mosaic virus

Soybean mosaic virus (SMV) is a severe disease in worldwide soybean production. A cross was made between Kefeng No. 1 with broad spectrum resistance to SMV and Nannong 1138–2, a susceptible cultivar. The inheritance of resistance to SMV strain Sa prevailing in southern China was analyzed. Results of x² test from inoculation experiment on parents F1, F2 and F3 lines showed that the resistance to strain Sa was controlled by a single dominant gene Rsa. BSA method was adopted and 900 random 10-mer primers were used to amplify total DNA from resistant pool and susceptible pool in order to obtain polymorphic bands in two bulks. 16 primers could generate polymorphic bands, of which OPW-05 and OPAS-06 could generate the most stable RAPD patterns. RAPD markers OPW-05₆₆₀ and OPAS-06₁₈₀₀ were found to be linked to Rsa. Their order and genetic distance were OPAS-06₁₈₀₀22.2cM Rsa10.1 cM OPW-05₆₆₀. Southern blotting showed that both OPAS-06₁₈₀₀ and 0PW-05₆₆₀ were low copy DNA in genomic DNA. 0PW-05₆₆₀ has been converted into an RFLP marker successfully. Additionally, pK644H, an RFLP marker, has been identified to be linked to 0PW-05₆₆₀, and their genetic distance was 37.4 cM.     

高粱抗丝黑穗病基因的分子标记RAPD分析

丝黑穗病是影响我国高粱生产发展的主要病害之一,在高粱产区每年都有发生,发病率有时高达70 %,给生产造成很大损失,而选育抗病品种是最为有效的抗病策略.分别以高粱2381恢复系(抗病)、矮四恢复系(感病)的叶片为试材,采用CTAB法提取高粱基因组DNA,并应用RAPD筛选技术对高粱基因进行分子标记.在最佳的RAPD反应体系中共筛选了100个RAPD随机引物,筛选出来27个适宜引物,获得了稳定的RAPD扩增结果及多态性较好的DNA谱带.其中有6个引物对DNA扩增产生了差异谱带.     

黄瓜全雌性状相关的RAPD分子标记筛选

用CTAB法提取黄瓜总基因组DNA，采用RAPD技术探寻与黄瓜全雌性相关的分子标记.共筛选39条随机引物，其中有12条引物显示多态性.进一步筛选表明：S10引物能在全雌系黄瓜中扩增出一条约2000 bp的稳定、清晰的特异条带，而在雌雄同株的单株中不存在.经回收、克隆并测序，获得全长2003 bp的序列.在NCBI上进行Blast分析，表明为新发现序列，含有编码62个氨基酸的开放阅读框.其编码短肽的功能尚不确定.     

几种番茄品种基因组DNA的相似指数初步分析

用４种随机引物（１０ｂｐ）,对普通番茄５个品种的基因组ＤＮＡ进行了ＰＣＲ扩增,并对其ＲＡＰＤ带谱进行了统计处理,发现不同随机引物扩增出来的ＲＡＰＤ标记所表现的相似指数有所不同,综合考虑,普通番茄种内不同品种同ＤＮＡ多态性保持了较高的稳定性。     

小麦雌性不育基因的微卫星标记定位

以普通小麦新601×雌性不育小麦XND126的F2群体作为育性调查以及基因标记群体.通过对育性基因的分析,确定在此组合中雌性不育基因由1对主效基因控制;结合混合分组分析法(Bulk Segregant Analysis,BSA),首次对小麦雌性不育基因进行了SSR分子标记,通过对一千对微卫星引物的筛选,确定微卫星引物cfd36标记与主效基因连锁,遗传距离为20.2cM.     

Characterization and molecular marker screening of a rice bacteria-resistant gene Xa-min(t)

To test the resistant spectrum of the Xa-min(t) gene introgressed from Oryza minuta, thirty-four isolates of different bacterial blight pathogen, Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo), from 11 countries were used to inoculate the Xa-min(t) introgression line 78-15. Four rice cultivars, IR24, C64 (IRBB21), Nipponbare and Zhonghua 11 were used as controls. The results showed that the Xa-min(t) gene was broad-spectrum and highly resistant to diverse Xoo isolates. The methods of bulk segregant analysis (BSA), randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and sequence characterized amplified regions (SCAR) were used to analyze F2 individuals of the hybrid IR24×78-15 and molecular genetic markers linked to Xa-min(t) gene were identified. A total of 800 arbitrary decamer oligonucleotide primers were used for RAPD analysis. Two RAPD markers, BE05300 and BE061400, produced by primers BE05 and BE06 respectively, were closely linked to the Xa-min(t) gene. Based on the sequences of these two markers, sequence specific primers were designed and used to screen all F2 plants. One RAPD marker, BE05300, was converted into a stable SCAR marker (ScBE05300). Linkage analysis was carried out using markers ScBE05300 and BE061400 on 948 and 719 F2 individuals of the hybrid IR24×78-15. Our results indicate that the genetic distances from Xa-min(t) to ScBE05300 and BE061400 are 2.2 cM and 3.7 cM respectively on the same side. This study may facilitate the construction of the fine physical map of the Xa-min(t) gene.