卷烟烟气中多环芳烃的分析方法

通过二次柱层析纯化和富集卷烟烟气中多环芳烃,用气相色谱／质谱法进行多环芳烃的定性和定量分析。在卷烟烟气中检测了蒽、菲、荧蒽,芘,苯并[a]蒽、屈,苯并荧蒽,苯并[e]芘,苯并[a]芘等多环芳烃,其深浓度在8－319nm／支之间,多环芳烃咽收率在80％以上。在此基础上测定了3种不同焦油含量的卷烟 气中的多环芳径,发现卷烟烟气中多环芳烃含量与焦油含量有良好的相关性。     

用离子阱GC/MS技术同时测定卷烟烟气中有害多环芳烃和烟草特有N-亚硝胺的分析方法研究

卷烟烟气中有害多环芳烃(苯并[a]芘等)和烟草特有N-亚硝胺(TSNAs)是许多国家政府、健康机构和烟草企业重点监控的卷烟烟气中有害物.本文介绍了一种以用抗坏血酸处理剑桥滤片捕集卷烟烟气中的总粒相物,用二氯甲烷/环己烷混合溶剂萃取粒相物中的多环芳烃和TSNAs,浓缩萃取物,加入抗坏血酸稳定样品溶液,通过离子阱GC/MS定量检测其中3种多环芳烃和4种TSNAs含量的方法.经实验证明,此方法有良好的重复性和灵敏度.     

微波辅助萃取-高效液相色谱法测定土壤中多环芳烃

建立了用微波辅助萃取-高效液相色谱测定土壤中16种多环芳烃的方法．对萃取剂的种类,萃取方式以及微波条件进行了优化．该方法线性范围宽,检测限为0．16～11．2μg／L,相对标准偏差在1．63％～6．51％之间,加标回收率在61．3％～129．2％之间．结果表明,该方法用于测定土壤中的多环芳烃具有简便、灵敏度高和重复性好等优点,是一个有实用价值的检测方法。     

超声辅助萃取-高效液相色谱荧光检测法测定贻贝中的多环芳烃

建立了超声波辅助萃取,高效液相色谱荧光检测法测定贻贝中6种多环芳烃化合物的多残留分析方法。对荧光检测条件、色谱分离条件、萃取方式、净化条件进行了优化。在优化条件下,6种多环芳烃化合物实现良好分离,在0．002～0．5mg／L范围内呈良好线性关系,线性相关系数为0．9985-0．9995,检出限为1．0-2．0μg／kg,回收率为78％-92％,相对标准偏差为2．8％～6．3％（n=6）。结果表明：建立的超声辅助萃取-高效液相色谱荧光检测法样品前处理简单,重现性好,回收率高,适合贻贝中多环芳烃的检测。     

荧光法研究不同壳聚糖及大孔树脂对香烟烟气中多环芳烃的清除作用

用荧光法研究了不同甲壳胺及大孔树脂对香烟烟气中多环芳烃的去除作用.通过有机溶剂萃取不同香烟烟气焦油中有机物,同时以多环芳烃芘作为参比,定量分析了各种品牌香烟在保留过滤嘴条件下使用不同的大孔树脂对烤烟中焦油多环芳烃的吸附率,从而测量烟气在溶剂中多环芳烃的去除率.实验得出D-3520对五种不同品牌的烤烟烟气中焦油多环芳烃的去除率为:46.3%～94.4%,壳聚糖(医药)为:91.9%～99.1%,为卷烟烟气中有害物质的去除提供了一种新方法.     

降低卷烟烟气中多环芳烃和自由基的中药添加剂

研究了降低卷烟烟气中多环芳烃和自由基的中药添加剂。通过正交实验优化条件提取有效成分为添加剂 ,采用邻苯三酚自氧化紫外方法和荧光法筛选中药 ,得几种中草药的复方 ,喷洒于烟丝卷制成烟支后 ,利用电子自旋共振波谱仪 ( ESR)及气相色谱 /质谱法 ( GC/MS) ,对卷烟焦油中多环芳烃和焦油及烟气中自由基含量进行测定分析。实验结果表明 ,该添加剂对卷烟焦油中多环芳烃和焦油及烟气中的自由基含量具有良好的降低作用     

天津市区降尘中多环芳烃的含量与来源研究

以天津市区为例,分析了采暖和非采暖期城市降尘中PAHs的含量和主要来源,指出非采暖期和采暖期多环芳烃的平均含量为11．29μg／g和21．50μg／g,具有潜在致癌性PAHs的浓度不高;9种PAHs单体对土壤的输入贡献显著;降尘中多环芳烃主要来源于燃煤污染和交通污染。     

PAHs在炼油废水处理过程中的变化规律研究

采用二氯甲烷萃取、硅胶柱净化和气相色谱-质谱联用仪的分析方法,对炼油厂废水处理工艺过程中多环芳烃的种类和含量进行了测定,并对各处理工艺单元的多环芳烃的分布和水平进行了分析评价.结果表明,各处理单元16种多环芳烃全部检出,其中二环和三环多环芳烃浓度较高,占总量的90%以上,四环到六环多环芳烃浓度相对较低.整个废水处理过程对多环芳烃的去除率为65%—99%,16种多环芳烃总量去除率为95.6%,其浓度由7 097.46μg/L降低到309.2μg/L,去除效果显著。     

固相微萃取联用气相色谱测定水中的多环芳烃

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备的离子液体键合固相微萃取涂层联用气相色谱测定水中的萘、联苯、芴、菲、荧蒽5种多环芳烃(PAHs).对固相微萃取的条件进行优化.方法的检测限为0.0005～0.05μg/L,线性范围在0.1～100 μg/L,相对标准偏差(RSD)不大于5.3％.对东湖水样进行测定,未检测到5种多环芳烃,其回收率为71.0％～107.9％.     

表面增强拉曼散射光谱同时检测4种痕量多环芳烃

合成了植酸保护的纳米金,其具有较强的疏水性和表面增强拉曼散射(SERS)活性.利用小型拉曼光谱仪和分子光谱的指纹信息特征,建立可同时分析水中多种多环芳烃的SERS分析方法.多环芳烃检出限如下:蒽为100μg/L,荧蒽为100μg/L,芘达到10μg/L和苯并芘可达1μg/L.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.