InGaAsP四元系量子阱材料的热稳定性

对与ＩｎＰ晶格匹配的ＩｎＧａＡｓＰ四元系量子阱材料进行了一系列热稳定性能的研究，通过光荧光谱（ＰＬ）的测量发现：ＩｎＧａＡｓＰ四元系量子阱材料在６５０℃以上的常规退火条件下有量子阱混合现象产生，而单量子阱结构较多量子阱或超晶格结构更容易产生量子阱混合。对单量子阱片进行快速退火处理后，荧光峰位置、峰宽无明显变化，表明量子阱混合的产生除了依赖于退火温度的高低，也与退火时间的长短密切相关。     

运用Nd：YAG激光器的InGaAsP超晶格激光诱导无序

对与ＩｎＰ晶格匹配的ＩｎＧａＡｓＰ四元系量子阱材料进行了热稳定性的研究，通过光荧光谱的测量发现：量子阱材料在６５０℃以上的常规退火条件下，有最大可达１５５ｍｅＶ的ＰＬ峰值蓝移，表明禁带宽度有明显增大。运用１．０６４μｍ连续输出的Ｎｄ；ＹＡＧ激光器进行光子吸收诱导无序技术的研究，比较量子阱材料被辐照前后荧光谱的峰普宽，发现量子阱结构的禁带宽度在激光辐照后有明显增大，证明有量子阱混合现象产生。     

聚集激光束实现ＩnGaAsP超晶格量子阱混合

研究了晶格与ＩｎＰ匹配的ＩｎＧａＡｓＰ超晶格材料的热稳定性，实验结果表明在６００℃以上的热退火下会产生量子阱混合，采用１．０６４μｍ连续输出的Ｎｄ：ＹＡＧ 激光器对超晶格外延片进行了聚集辐照，室温光荧光谱得到了１８４ｍｅＶ的蓝移，说明激光辐照与热退火一样会产生量子阱混合效应，光荧光谱的双峰位表明运用激光处理量子阱外延惩具有一定的空间选择性，衬底预加热和激光束的聚焦可以在不减弱处理效果的情况下有效地     

InGaAs／GaAs应变单量子阱的表面光伏谱

采用表面光伏谱方法,测量了应变ＩｎＧａＡｓ／ＧａＡｓ单量子阱在不同温度下光伏效应．结合理论计算对样品表面光伏谱的谱峰进行了指认,分析了量子阱内子能级间的跃迁能量、强度及跃迁峰半宽随温度的变化关系     

LP－MOVPE生长InGaAs应变超晶格

本文探讨了ＬＰ－ＭＯＶＰＥ法在ＧａＡｓ和ＩｎＰ衬底上生长２１个周期的ＩｎＧａＡｓ／ＧａＡｓ和２０个周期的ＩｎＧａＡｓ／ＩｎＰ两种应变超晶格的条件，并用Ｘ射线衍射分析了这两种应变超晶格，分析观察到三级卫星峰和六级卫星峰。     

InGaAs／InP量子阱材料生长后置无序技术的研究

研究了氖离子注入诱导ＩｎＧａＡｓ／ＩｎＰ量子阱材料带隙变化的规律，研究结果表明，由氖离子注入引起量子阱带隙蓝移。蓝移的大小与量子阱的宽度，阱距表面深度，注入离子剂量，能量，及退火条件有关，研究所得的参数对设计量子阱集成光器件有重要参考价值。     

影响InGaP／InP半导体激光器阈值电流密度若干问题…

本文对影响ＩｎＧａＡｓＰ／ＩｎＰ激光器阈值电流密度的晶格失配，掩坦异质结构和掺杂控制等问题进行了分析和讨论。Ｋｕｐｈａｌ和Ａｒａｉ模型着手计算了与ＩｎＰ晶格匹配ＩｎＧａＡｓＰ熔体组成。     

MOCVD制备GaAs／AlGaAs多量子阱的光致发光特性

对ＭＯＣＶＤ生长的ＧａＡｓ／ＡｌｘＧａ１－ｘＡｓ多量子阱结构进行了光致发光特性的测量。结果观察到三个发光峰；位于１．６６４ｅＶ处的峰是自由激子发光；峰值处于１．４８ｌｅＶ的发光是ＧａＡｓ中施主Ｓｉ（Ｇａ）原子上的电子向受主Ｓｉ（Ａｓ）跃迁引起的；而在１．５２９ｅＶ处的弱发光峰是ＧａＡｓ阱层中Ｓｉ（Ｇａ）原子上的电子与价带量子阱中基态重空穴复合形成的。     

应用LP—MOCVD方法研制InGaAs／InP应变量子阱LD

利用低压－金属有机化合物蒸汽沉积（ＬＰ－ＭＯＣＶＤ）的方法研究在生长过程中温度和时间对ＰＮ结结位的影响,并用它来控制ＩｎＧａＡｓ／ＩｎＰ量子阱激光器的ｐ－ｎ结结位．探讨在ＩｎＰ材料中使用ＤＥＺｎ和Ｈ２Ｓ做掺杂源时,Ｐ型和Ｎ型的杂质浓度和ＰＮ结控制的条件,得出在０．５％压缩条件下有源区阱层ＩｎＧａＡｓ和ＩｎＰ的应变量子阱激光器（ＬＤ）．当激光器实现室温脉冲激射时,可获得峰值功率＞１０６ｍＷ、阈值电流密度为２．６ｋＡ／ｃｍ２的应变量子阱激光器     

离子注入方法制备半导体一维量子线

使用质子Ｈ￣＋和聚焦Ｇａ￣＋离子束方法，在ＧａＡｓ／ＡｌＧａＡｓ量子阱材料上制备半导体一维量子线。通过低温阴极射线发光谱和光致发光谱，测量了由于Ａｌ从ＡｌＧａＡｓ势垒向ＧａＡｓ量子阱内扩散导致的发光谱峰的兰移，并讨论上述两种离子注入方法各具有的特点及不同的结果。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…