根癌农杆菌介导AtNHX1基因转化小麦

利用根癌农杆菌对 3种基因型小麦进行了转化研究 .发现基因型对转化有明显影响 .将小麦品种烟优 36 1、烟 10 3、核生 3号的胚性愈伤组织用含报告基因NPTⅡ和抗盐基因Na H 反向转运AtNHX1的农杆菌菌株pROK2AT GV310 1感染和共培养后 ,用巴龙霉素 5 0 - 15 0mg L筛选抗性愈伤组织及转化植株 .对抗性植株的总DNA用AtNHX1基因的特异引物进行PCR检测 ,目的基因的PCR阳性频率为 1.3(烟 10 3)和 2 .9% (核生 3号 ) .Southern杂交证实外源基因已经整合到小麦的基因组中     

原球茎为转化受体的农杆菌介导石斛遗传转化

以携带双元载体pCAMBIA1305.1的农杆菌菌株EHA105转化石斛种子萌发形成的原球茎,通过GUS瞬时表达检测对受体状态、农杆菌活化条件、共培养时间等转化影响因子进行了优化;共培养4 d的原球茎接种到含有30 mg/L潮霉素(Hyg)和500 mg/L头孢噻肟钠的愈伤组织诱导与增殖培养基上以获得潮霉素抗性的愈伤组织,抗性愈伤组织在含Hyg 50 mg/L的再生培养基上再生植株,抗性株经GUS组织化学、PCR和PCR-southem blot检测证明为转化株。     

根癌农杆菌介导的骏枣愈伤组织遗传转化体系的研究

采用农杆菌介导法,对骏枣愈伤组织遗传转化体系进行研究.结果表明：进行遗传转化的合适条件为：愈伤诱导培养基MS＋6-BA 0.4 mg/L＋2,4-D 1.2 mg/L;浸染之前对愈伤组织进行6d的避光培养可提高愈伤组织在共培养过程中的成活率;愈伤组织在OD600=0.4～0.6的农杆菌菌液中浸染10 min,农杆菌LBA4404的生长情况最好;在28℃黑暗条件下共培养放置16 d对转化最适宜;头孢霉素的抑菌浓度为250 mg/L;卡那霉素的筛选浓度为125 mg/L.经PCR检测,初步证明外源目的基因已整合到骏枣基因组中,初步实现了农杆菌介导的骏枣愈伤组织遗传转化,与以骏枣茎叶外植体建立的遗传转化体系相比,以骏枣愈伤组织为外植体共培养时间长,有利于转化.     

影响根癌农杆菌转化水稻频率的因素研究

根癌农杆菌与来自水稻成熟种子的愈伤组织共培养,将外源基因导入水稻愈伤组织,并获得了转基因植株．通过比较影响根癌农杆菌转化频率的各种因素,表明在转化过程中酚类化合物和单糖的加入使农杆菌的转化频率提高了０．９％～１７．４％．在共培养时农杆菌的稀释方式也是影响农杆菌转化频率的重要因素     

根癌农杆菌法转化烟草的条件探索

 利用含有四环素阻遏蛋白,具有卡娜霉素抗性的烟草种子为实验材料,采用根癌农杆菌介导转化中的叶圆盘法,将外源基因导入烟草愈伤组织,建成可诱导表达细胞质和细胞核CaM/CaM结合多肽的转基因烟草体系.在获得转基因植物的过程中,通过比较影响根癌农杆菌转化频率的各种因素,表明植物材料的选择和培养,农杆菌的培养和稀释,植物材料与农杆菌共培养的程度及转基因植株的筛选条件是影响农杆菌转化效率的重要因素.     

刺五加愈伤组织的遗传转化

刺五加胚性愈伤组织经根癌农杆菌Ｃ５８Ｃ１感染后，共培养４７－７２ｈ，再转移到含氯霉素５０ｍｇ／Ｌ的ＭＳ选择培养基上继代培养５０－６０ｄ，筛选得到氯霉素抗性愈伤组织。该愈伤组织能在无激素的ＭＳ培养基上增殖，并检测到胭脂碱合成酶活性，表明是转化愈伤组织。     

农杆菌介导的胆碱脱氢酶基因(betA)转化小麦及影响转化效率的因素

用LBA4404／pCDH，Agl 1／pUNN2和Ag;P(无质粒)3种菌株分别转化小麦品种济南177、99P、核生3号幼胚诱导的愈伤组织以及济南177的幼胚．其中以胚性愈伤组织为外植体，获得了转基因植株．PCR和PCR-Southem分析证实转化植株中包含了外源基因．通过染色体分析，发现胚性愈伤组织在农杆菌LBA4404侵染后形成的染色体削减比经Agl1侵染和未经感染的对照形成的染色体削减程度更大，甚至发现较多的染色体断片．分析了农杆菌菌株，材料的基因型，外植体类型，培养时间和温度以及筛选的时间和周期对于转化效率的影响．     

农杆菌介导转化水稻方法的改进

采用培矮64S和9311两种籼稻为材料,研究了影响农杆菌介导转化的几种因素．研究结果表明,预培养4d的幼胚最适宜作为农杆菌介导转化的受体,其次是来源于幼胚和成熟胚的生长状态良好的胚性愈伤组织．以AAM培养基作为共培养培养基,对于农杆菌EHA105（pUblm）来说,菌液浓度为OD600值=0．8时,愈伤组织的转化率最高．在农杆菌侵染愈伤组织过程中,通过负压处理可明显提高愈伤组织的转化频率．在愈伤组织浸染后,以含一定浓度的Ca^2＋和表面活性剂Tween20的溶液处理可明显提高水稻愈伤组织的转化频率．     

水稻转座子Pong特异性RNAi载体TPAS的构建和农杆菌介导的遗传转化条件的优化

为研究水稻转座子Pong的功能,构建了Pong的特异RNAi表达载体TPAS,并利用农杆菌介导法将这个载体转化到水稻的成熟胚愈伤组织,获得了PCR阳性的再生植株.同时通过对农杆菌侵染途径、侵染浓度和侵染时间等的研究,建立并优化了水稻的遗传转化程序,结果表明:在农杆菌侵染成熟胚愈伤组织的时间为3 min,共培养2～4 d...     

农杆菌介导的唐菖蒲遗传转化体系的建立

在唐菖蒲‘Advanced Red’胚性愈伤组织受体系统的基础上,建立其遗传转化体系。采用根癌农杆菌（GV3101）介导法,研究了侵染液浓度、侵染时间、乙酰丁香酮（AS）浓度、负压和筛选方式等因子对唐菖蒲遗传转化效率的影响。结果表明：在遗传转化过程中,不经预培养,负压处理下,农杆菌菌液OD600为0.6～0.8,侵染时间15～20min,添加100μmol/L AS,共培养3d,可获得较高的遗传转化效率。经过3～4个月选择培养,部分抗性植株经PCR和Southern杂交检测表明,目的基因gus已整合到唐菖蒲基因组中。     

Introduction of rice chitinase gene into wheat via low energy Ar+ beam implantation

A chitinase gene (RCH8) in plasmid vector pCAMBIA1308 was delivered into 3 wheat cultivars (Yangmai 158, Wan 9210, Wanmai 32) by low energy Ar⁺ beam-mediated method. Preliminary calli from treated mature embryos were first selected on hygromycin (Hm, 20 or 30 mg/L) containing medium. After the resistant calli formed, they were transferred to the regeneration medium with 10 or 20 mg/L Hm. All the three wheat varieties obtained transgenic plants. PCR and PCR-Southern assays showed that most plants regenerated from the resistant calli were positive transgenic plants. Southern blot of the positive green plants confirmed stable integration of alien DNA into wheat genome. The plant transformation frequencies varied with the variety and ion dose implanted. Wanmai 32 possessed the highest transformation frequency, reaching 3.8% at a suitable implantation dose. The transformation frequency of Yangmai 158 and Wan 9210 varied from 0.5% to 2.5% and from 0.5% to 1.4%, respectively. Progeny test for resistance to wheat scab showed that the leaf extract of R₁ generation inhibited the growth of wheat scab strain R₀ and F₁₅.     

废水胁迫条件下生态沟渠盘培多花黑麦草的生长适应性

针对浙江省杭嘉湖区域河道水体富营养化严重的问题,在水网平原水稻田进行生态沟渠降污试验.通过构建以盘培多花黑麦草为主要内容的生态沟渠,研究其在处理养猪场废水和生活污水条件下生长和生理指标响应,确定在不同条件下盘培多花黑麦草的逆境适应性.试验结果表明,多花黑麦草植株在处理养猪场废水时,其生长势、生长量以及活性氧清除系统的P...     

应用农杆菌介导法的多年生黑麦草遗传转化研究

以草坪型多年生黑麦草Lolium perenne L.成熟种子为外植体,经过愈伤组织诱导和植株再生研究,建立了该草种的遗传转化体系,并成功地应用农杆菌介导法将克隆自辽宁碱蓬的甜菜碱醛脱氢酶基因(BADH)转移进多年生黑麦草,获得的转基因株系Gsc-LP5通过PCR检测证明了目的基因的存在,通过叶片离体检测法证明了作为检测基因随同质粒一同转入的抗潮霉素基因的表达,通过盆栽耐盐试验证明了转基因植株具有较强的耐盐能力.     

Studies of Improving the Frequency of Indica Rice Transformation by Biolistic Bombardment

In order to improve the frequency of indica rice transformation by biolistic bombardment,suitable culture conditions for embryonic calli,an optimal selection scheme for resistant calli and seedling,and optimum bombardment parameters a investigated by using 14 commercially important indica rice cultivars.The main results show that the CC medium with 36g/L mannitol is a scheme subculture medium in which the browning of indica rice calli can be mitigated significantly;The concentration of 30-40mg/L Hyg or 150-200mg/L G418 or 10-20mg/L Basta is suitable for selection of resistant calli;The transformation parameters of 100μg gold powder absorbing 0.2μg DNA per shot and 900 psi helium pressure and 6 cm bombardment distance and bombarded twice for each plate give the best result;Keeping the target calli on osmotic medium containing 60g/L mannitol from 12-24h before bombardment to 24-48h after it can increase the efficiencies of transformation.Furthermore,some transgenic indica rice plants are obtained using this optimized transformation system.     

Establishment of a genetic transformation system for maize inbred P9-10

It was found that the supplement of 10 -4 mol/L AgNO3 in N6 medium enhanced the induction of type Ⅰ embryogenic calli from immature embryos of maize inbred P9-10. After high-osmotic treatment, the induced calli was taken as transformation recipient to be bombarded with plasmid pMG6 carrying synthetic Bt gene by PDS-1000/He genegun. A total of 14 resistant calli were obtained after screening subsequently on the mediums with gradually increasing selective pressure. 10 plants were regenerated from the resistant calli on 3 different induction media, and 8 out of the 10 regenerated plants were confirmed to be integrated with Bt gene by PCR and Southern blotting analysis. Results of ELISA showed that the Bt-protein content in the leaves of the transgenic plants varied between 20-200 ng/g fresh weight.     

组培条件对何首乌愈伤组织诱导及生长的影响

为了寻找适合何首乌愈伤组织诱导与生长的培养条件，本文考察了愈伤组织形成的比率，分析了取样时间、光照条件、培养基中2，4-D、6BA和IBA的浓度对愈伤组织诱导和生长的影响。实验表明，在黑暗中，在添加有1．5mg/L2，4-D，1mg/L 6BA和0．5mg/L BA的MS培养基上，夏季取样的茎段，愈伤组织诱导率可达100％。     

雄性二倍体毛白杨再生体系的构建和遗传转化的研究

【目的】建立雄性二倍体毛白杨再生体系,构建稳定的遗传转化方法,为进一步研究毛白杨基因功能提供试验平台。【方法】以雄性二倍体毛白杨的幼嫩茎段和叶片为外植体,1/2 MS为基本培养基,通过调整6-BA、IAA和TDZ激素浓度进行再生体系筛选;采用农杆菌EHA105介导叶盘法,控制预培养时间、菌液浓度、侵染时间、共培养时间和卡那霉素筛选浓度,进行遗传转化;以幼嫩叶片原生质体为受体细胞,PEG介导转化荧光标记基因EGFP,进行瞬时表达。【结果】雄性二倍体毛白杨再生过程包括继代、芽伸长和生根3个阶段,其培养基组分分别为1/2 MS+0.5 mg/L 6-BA+0.5 mg/L NAA+0.005 mg/L TDZ、1/2 MS+0.5 mg/L 6-BA+0.3 mg/L NAA和1/2 MS+0.3 mg/L NAA+0.5 mg/L IBA,该条件下生根率为96.7%,增殖系数为4.47。遗传转化过程包括预培养、农杆菌侵染、共培养、抗性筛选和生根5个阶段,其中预培养为12 h、农杆菌浓度OD₆₀₀为0.4、侵染时间为20 min、共培养时间为24 h、卡那霉素(30 mg/L)筛选45 d和抗性苗生根20 d。试验共获得86株抗性植株,其中14株分子鉴定结果为阳性。在40% PEG4000的介导下,EGFP基因瞬间转化效率为50%。【结论】雄性二倍体毛白杨再生周期短、遗传转化稳定,是杨树基础研究的理想材料。本研究拓宽了杨树遗传转化体系,为杨树分子辅助育种提供了新途径。     

Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of herbicide resistance in creeping bentgrass and colonial bentgrass

Embryogenic calli were induced from the seeds of creeping bentgrass ( Agrostis palustris Huds. ) cv. Regent and colonial bentgrass ( Agrostis Tenuis Sibth. F1. Oxen. ) cv. Tiger. The embryogenic calli were precultured on fresh medium for 4-7 days and then co-cultivated with Agrobacterium tumefaciens, LBA4404,which contains plasmid vector-pSBGM harboring bar coding region, synthetic green fluorescent protein (sGFP) coding region and matrix attachment region (MAR) . After 3 days of co-cultivation, the calli were washed thoroughly and transferred to MS medium containing 2 mg/L of 2, 4-D, 12-15 mg/L phosphinothricin (PPT) and 250 mg/L of cefotaxime. After 2-3 months of selection, the actively growing calli of ‘Regent‘ and ‘Ti-ger‘ were transferred to MS medium with 12-15 mg/L PPT and 250 mg/L cefotaxime for regeneration. The putative transformants were maintained on MS medium with 3 mg/L PPT for long period but control died within 1 month. After establishing in greenhouse, the transformants also showed strong resistance to 0.4 % of herbi-cide Basta but control plants died within 2 weeks. Under confocal microscope, both young leaves and roots showed significant GFP expression. PCR analysis revealed the presence of a DNA fragment of GFP gene at the expected size (380 bp) in the transformants and its absence in a randomly selected control plant.     

祁连龙胆愈伤组织和再生植株的生长及其两种药效成分分析

通过不同激素组合的培养基筛选出祁连龙胆（Gentiana Przewalskii Maxim.）的快速生长细胞系并获得再生植株. 采用反相高效液相色谱法测定愈伤组织及其再生植株中獐牙菜苦甙（Swertiamarin）、龙胆苦甙(Gentiopicroside)的含量. 结果表明：(1）祁连龙胆愈伤组织在不同培养基上诱导率和生长速度不同，在MS+2?mg/L 2,4 D +1?mg/L 6 BA +6?mg/L GA的培养基上诱导率最高，达78.0％. 在MS+3?mg/L 2,4 D +0.5?mg/L KT的培养基上生长最快，增殖倍数达到7.18； (2）祁连龙胆愈伤组织及其再生植株有效成分及含量与原植株相比均有差别，其中，愈伤组织含有0.265%的龙胆苦甙，低于原植株(4.225%)，再生植株含有0.279%的獐牙菜苦甙和1.579%的龙胆苦甙，前者高于原植株（0.260％），但后者略有下降. 按生长速度推算，愈伤组织及其再生植株积累的药效成分含量明显高于原植株，值得进一步开发利用.