牡丹籽油成分分析及其抗氧化活性研究

针对脂肪酸类成分、微量元素以及影响油脂品质的主要理化指标进行分析测定,并利用体外模型考察抗氧化能力,以评价牡丹籽油的营养及保健价值.结果显示,其中不饱和脂肪酸含量达90.74%,以亚麻酸为主,占39.47%;油酸和亚油酸分别占24.11%和27.16%.牡丹籽油同时含有K、Fe、Zn等多种人体必需微量元素,而Pb、As等有害微量元素含量均低于检出限.供试牡丹籽油的酸值、过氧化值、碘值和皂化值分别为1.866mg/g、9.574mmol/kg、173.4g/100g、188.1mg/g,符合国家标准限度规定;对DPPH自由基清除作用的EC50为29.30mg/mL,显示良好的抗氧化潜力.研究结果提示,牡丹籽油具有较高的营养价值和保健功能,是一种优质天然植物油料资源,极具开发和利用价值.     

紫斑牡丹籽产量及籽油品质综合评价

以‘凤丹’为对照,研究了20个紫斑牡丹品种的单株籽产量、籽基础营养成分、籽含油率和籽油脂肪酸成分,并采用隶属函数法对其资源品质进行综合评价。研究结果表明:‘灰蝶’的单株籽产量(114.86 g)显著高于‘凤丹’(103.49 g)(P0.05)。‘蓝冠玉带’的籽含油率(32.11%)高于‘凤丹’(31.92%),但两者差异不显著(P0.05)。‘古城相会’和‘油朱砂’的籽油α-亚麻酸质量分数分别为43.68%和42.87%,显著高于‘凤丹’(41.03%)。‘灰蝶’的累积隶属函数值仅次于‘凤丹’,排名第2,在参试紫斑牡丹品种中综合表现较好,可作为宜于油用的牡丹种质资源,且其单株籽产量隶属函数值排名第1,可作为高产油用牡丹品种选育的重要亲本资源。另外,‘蓝冠玉带’适宜用于高油质量分数油用牡丹品种选育的种质资源,‘古城相会’、‘油朱砂’和‘红宝石’可作为高品质油用牡丹品种选育的种质资源。     

油用牡丹利用与研究进展

对油用牡丹在医药、食品加工、组织培养、遗传多样性、分子生物学研究等方面的国内外研究进展进行了概括和综述。油用牡丹被广泛应用于医药工业、食品工业、高级化妆品和润滑油制造等行业。油用牡丹籽油为新资源食品,主要成分为不饱和脂肪酸;根部(丹皮)是一种传统中药材;花则可用来制作饮料、茶、酒、食品添加剂、化妆品等。目前,油用牡丹的组织培养已经取得了一定的成果,并通过组织培养获得了再生植株;多种分子生物学技术已经应用于品种鉴定、遗传多样性分析、指纹图谱构建、功能基因克隆等方面,为进一步开展油用牡丹种质资源分类鉴定、加速育种进程等奠定了基础。但我国油用牡丹产业尚处于起步阶段,应该加大研究和开发力度,以不断促进油用牡丹产业的发展。     

碱液去皮工艺对牡丹籽出油率的影响研究

以牡丹籽为研究对象,采用碱液去皮,以牡丹籽出油率为考察指标,通过单因素实验考察了碱液种类、碱液浓度、加热时间、加热温度等因素对出油率的影响,并选取主要影响因素进行正交实验;结果表明:碱液去皮各因素对牡丹籽出油率影响从大到小依次为碱液浓度、加热时间、加热温度,最佳工艺条件为氢氧化钠浓度9%、加热时间5 min、加热温度80℃,此时,牡丹籽出油率达到83.61%。     

油用与食用向日葵籽形态及主成分差异辨析

本文比较分析了食用和油用葵籽实和籽仁的大小、蛋白质含量、油脂含量、脂肪酸组成以及碳水化合物含量.结果表明:食葵籽实和籽仁均较大,种皮多为灰底白纹;油葵籽实和籽仁均较小,籽实饱满充实,种皮多为黑色;食葵籽仁蛋白含量平均为19%,油葵籽仁蛋白含量平均为15%,食葵籽仁蛋白含量大都高于油葵;食葵籽仁含油量在30.0%~42.4%之间,油葵籽仁含油量在30%~47.3%之间;葵籽油主要含棕榈酸、硬脂酸、油酸和亚油酸;其油酸和亚油酸较高,约占90%,70%食葵籽的亚油酸含量丰富,达到60%以上,58%油葵籽油酸含量较高,达80%以上;食葵籽仁淀粉含量约14%,油葵籽仁淀粉含量13%左右.食葵和油葵籽虽在某些主成分上有差异,但其划分主要是按其种皮形态、籽粒大小以及嗑食方便性.     

食用花椒油化学成分的GC-MS分析

用超声波辅助提取法从花椒籽核和壳中提取花椒油,用GC-MS联用仪对不同材料中提取的花椒油的化学成分进行了分析.实验结果表明：用超声辅助法从花椒籽核和皮中提取的油的提取率分别为7.8%和6.74％.成分分析表明花椒籽核和皮中提取的油化学成分差异很大.用极性溶剂提取时,籽核油主要成分是烯烃,烯烃含量占总含量的48.73％,油中未检出麻辣酰胺物质.花椒籽壳油主要成分是羧酸和羧酸酯,含量占总含量的66.45％,其中酰胺类物质含量为3.84％.     

紫外分光光度法测定沙棘油中总类胡萝卜素方法改进

采用紫外分光光度法对4种不同类型沙棘油的类胡萝卜素含量进行测定,改进经验方法,建立了准确、快速和简便的沙棘油中类胡萝卜素含量测定方法.结果表明,压榨籽油、浸出籽油和果油的紫外-可见光吸收光谱都显示类胡萝卜素特征吸收光谱峰形,特征吸收峰在445～471nm,主峰在445nm,确定的检测波长为445 nm.不同类型沙棘油的类胡萝卜素含量变化范围在0.2070～21.07 mg,kg,平均值为6.350 mg,kg,其中果油的类胡萝卜素含量最高,为21.07 mg/kg,其次是压榨籽油、浸出籽油,含量为2.050～2.068 mg/kg,类胡萝卜素含量极低的沙棘油为脱色籽油.     

楸子籽油中脂肪酸成分分析

采用毛细管气相色谱法,对青海境内楸子种子的油含量、理化常数、脂肪酸成分及相对含量进行了分析.结果表明, 所测植物籽油中主要为棕榈酸、硬脂酸、油酸、亚油酸、亚麻酸.不饱和脂肪酸为93.45%,其中亚油酸含量为70.83%.     

湘西产黄蜀葵籽油化学成分的GC-MS法分析

采用GC-MS技术分析鉴定黄蜀葵籽油中的化学成分,共鉴定湘产黄蜀葵籽油中的11个化学成分,其中油酸质量分数为43.8%、亚油酸质量分数为26.3%、棕榈酸质量分数为17.2%.不饱和脂肪酸含量极为丰富,占油脂总量的78.6%.     

用气相色谱法分析大麻籽油中的Δ~9-四氢大麻酚

报导了一个测定大麻籽油中Δ9 四氢大麻酚含量的微量分析方法.用甲醇 石油醚提取大麻籽油中的Δ9 四氢 大麻酚,然后通过活性氧化铝柱层析净化,再对其进行气相色谱测定.实验平均回收率为88%,变异系数为4.1%,最低检出限为0.2μg/L.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.