可变展长机翼非定常气动特性数值研究

为探索可变展长机翼变形过程中的非定常气动特性及其机理,以ONERA M6机翼为模型,利用动网格技术对其进行了非定常气动特性研究.研究表明:在机翼连续变展长过程中,非定常气动特性曲线以滞回环的形式围绕着相应的准定常曲线;变形周期、攻角和来流马赫数对滞回环有一定影响,但与准定常气动特性相比,单纯的展长变化引起的非定常气动效应并不明显;在一定的计算条件下,非定常升力系数偏离其相应的准定常升力系数的最大值不足2%;可变展长机翼非定常气动特性产生的主要原因在于流场结构迟滞.同时,由于流场结构迟滞效应比较微弱,可变展长机翼的非定常气动特性不显著.      

结构位移对受电弓气动抬升力的影响分析

为了研究受电弓结构位移对其气动特性的影响,利用流体分析软件Fluent,基于三维定常不可压缩流和标准k-ε两方程湍流模型,对运行速度300 km/h下受电弓所处的有限个结构位移状态下各部件的气动力进行数值模拟。建立受电弓气动抬升力的简化计算模型,推导气动力转化为气动抬升力的传递系数。结果表明:受电弓气动抬升力的传递系数与其工作高度有关;在受电弓从初始工作高度1.5 m抬升至1.6 m的过程中,整弓气动抬升力值随升弓高度的增大而减小。     

钝体结构倒U形梁气动特性试验和数值研究

为了探索有效的钝体结构气动特性三维数值分析方法,对钝体结构倒U形梁的气动特性进行了风洞试验和数值模拟研究.通过风洞试验得到与结构气动特性相关的气动力系数和颤振导数.利用二维或三维模型分别对结构的气动特性进行了数值模拟研究,并计算了相关的气动参数.计算过程中基于分块迭代耦合方法考虑流体-固体耦合效应,利用自编程序结合CFX软件实现不同物理场间的数据交换和传递,采用快速有效的网格移动控制算法处理移动边界问题.风洞试验测量和数值计算中均考虑了湍流效应,其中数值计算应用了k-ω剪切应力输运模型和分离涡模型.通过风洞试验测量与数值模拟研究可以发现,钝体结构倒U形梁的气动稳定性较差.对气动参数的计算结果表明,本文的三维数值计算方法可以有效地获取钝体结构的气动参数,在风工程领域具有重要应用价值.     

基于一体化设计的气动外形参数对动态特性的影响

为了提高导弹气动外形方案设计效率和设计质量,基于一体化设计方法,将导弹气动外形设计与气动特性计算、弹道仿真和飞行过程的动态特性分析等工作结合起来,分析导弹外形参数、气动力系数、动力系数、飞行动态性能参数之间的相互关系,得出部分主要气动外形参数对飞行动态特性典型参数的影响规律.仿真与计算结果验证了通过改变气动外形参数来改变弹体动态特性参数的理论分析.     

基于XFlow的仿生扑翼飞行器机翼气动特性分析

通过空间曲柄摇杆结构产生的急回特性来实现仿生飞行器扑翼运动.为了探究仿生扑翼飞行器的气动特性的影响因素,采用玻尔兹曼模型的粒子跟踪方法模拟扑动过程中气动特性,基于计算流体力学仿真软件XFlow对不同翼型、翼展、翼平面形状进行仿真分析并探究对升力和推力的影响.结果表明:翼型弯度和翼展的增大能够增加扑翼飞行器的升力系数,推力系数随着弯度的增大而变小;通过综合分析得到翼展长度在2.5倍弦长时,气动特性最佳;不同翼面形状的机翼具有不同的气动性能,相对于机翼后缘几何形状,前缘对气动特性的影响较大.研究结果为扑翼飞行器机翼的系统设计提供了有益的指导.     

近地鱼形钝体气动阻力特性研究

采用数值模拟与风洞试验两种方法,研究以粒突箱鲀为仿生原型的近地鱼形钝体气动阻力特性.结果表明,近地鱼形钝体确为气动低阻形体,其尾部大收缩角的形态特征及尾迹区相对简单的流场结构共同决定了该形体的气动低阻特性;从气动阻力系数、表面压力系数及尾迹区流场结构三方面对比分析,SST湍流模型的预测值与试验值较为接近.     

基于顶部与侧部扰流器的轿车气动减阻

汽车空气动力学性能是车身设计中需要着重考虑的方面,针对某国产快背式轿车的简化模型,应用计算流体力学原理与方法,研究了轿车尾部气动附件对于快背式轿车气动阻力系数的影响.采用三棱柱半结构化网格和Realizable k-ωSST模型,对不同尺寸的顶部及侧部扰流器的外流场进行数值模拟,得到不同情况下该车的气动阻力系数、表面压力分布等气动特性.对比分析了各种方案的流动特性及阻力系数.结果表明:加装不同尺寸的扰流器,通过适当的匹配与优化,可以改善轿车的气动特性,降低气动阻力.     

轿车会车时气动特性的数值模拟

以标准的SAE1∶4模型为研究对象,应用数值模拟方法对轿车的瞬态会车过程汽车空气动力特性进行研究.使用湍流模型中对于瞬态项的离散化方法,结合计算流体力学中用于瞬态模拟计算的滑移网格技术,对瞬态会车过程中流场变化进行了数值模拟研究.在国家法规允许的1倍车宽横向间距的情况下,捕捉会车过程中单车的阻力系数、升力系数、侧向力系数的瞬态变化,针对流场剖面上的静压场、模型表面的压力场等进行分析,总结了会车过程汽车瞬态气动特性.     

极端运行阵风下风力机的气动特性

基于CFD方法,通过对比均匀来流和极端运行阵风条件下1.5 MW水平轴风力机的非定常气动特性,研究了极端运行阵风对风力机气动性能的影响规律.结果表明:极端运行阵风对风力机的气动特性影响较大,转矩与法向力、切向力系数的最大值较风速最大值的出现有所提前,较高风速下叶片失速造成风力机的转矩和气动力系数随风速的增大而减小.从紊流向层流的恢复阶段,流动的不稳定性使法向力、切向力系数在减小的过程出现振荡.     

侧风作用下汽车外流场气动特性分析

 针对汽车行驶中受侧风的影响问题,通过数值模拟研究了侧风作用下汽车的气动特性。利用三维软件UG 设定某实车模型参数,基于计算流体力学方法对实车模型进行数值模拟,研究侧风作用下车身外流场变化以及不同前车窗倾角对汽车气动特性的影响。结果表明,侧风中汽车外流场不对称,导致空气侧向力系数急剧增加达到0.927,空气阻力系数增加38.5%达到0.392,空气升力系数增加15.6%达到0.281;随着前车窗倾角的增大,车身底部气流在车尾的分离推迟,尾涡数量减少,车身表面正负压区域缩小,空气侧向力及空气升力系数变小,在前车窗倾角为35°时,汽车在侧风中的气动特性最优。     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.