粪肠球菌中具有启动功能的DNA片段的捕获及鉴定

PCR扩增来自质粒pUC119的β-内酰胺酶基因(bla)作报告基因,克隆进质粒pNZ8037上的能被Nisin诱导的启动子PnisA下游,构建了粪肠球菌启动功能片段探测载体pNZ-bla.利用该探测载体从粪肠球菌染色体总DNA中克隆到了能在粪肠球菌中表达的一系列具有启动功能的DNA片段,将包含克隆片段的pNZ-P-bla6质粒电击转化粪肠球菌,培养转化子并检测其抗氨苄强度,结果表明其抗氨苄强度大于Nisin诱导的含pNZ-bla质粒的粪肠球菌.表明克隆的功能片段启动能力强于PnisA.在pNZ-P-bla6的启动功能片段下游Sau3AⅠ和EcoRⅠ之间接上绿色荧光蛋白基因作为标记,构建表达绿色荧光蛋白的质粒载体pNZ-P-gfp并导入粪肠球菌中,共聚焦显微镜下可以观察到绿色荧光蛋白的表达.     

绿色荧光蛋白基因在烟草植株中的表达

用冻融法将含有绿色荧光蛋白基因的质粒ｐＧＬ２－ＧＳ导入农杆菌菌株ＬＢＡ４４０４ （ｐＴＯＫ２３３），两个质粒发生同源重组，形成一个新的二元载体ｐＴＯＫ２３３－ＧＳ．农杆菌菌株ＬＢＡ４４０４ （ｐＴＯＫ２３３－ＧＳ） 经叶盘法转化烟草，筛选具有卡那霉素抗性的愈伤组织，诱导成苗．ＰＣＲ 扩增发现，绿色荧光蛋白基因在９０％ 的再生植株中存在．在荧光显微镜下，使用蓝色激发光观察再生植株的徒手切片和压片发现，８０ ％ 以上的再生植株都能不同程度地发出绿色荧光．多数植株的根尖和叶脉都发光，一些植株的气孔、叶表皮或叶绒毛也发光     

利用报告基因表达系统快速鉴定骨诱导活性材料

通过构建真核表达质粒,使增强型绿色荧光蛋白(Enhanced Green Fluorescent Protein, EGFP)报告基因的表达受骨形成相关转录因子Cbfa1基因启动子的调控,再用该质粒转染大鼠成肌细胞L6,建立稳定细胞株.在成骨培养基中诱导培养后,该细胞株呈现较明显的绿色荧光,表明细胞在经诱导的成骨分化过程中,Cbfa1基因表达增强,Cbfa1启动子驱动了EGFP的表达.将该细胞株接种到有较强骨诱导活性的羟基磷灰石/磷酸三钙(hydroxyapatitetricalcium phospha     

NACl启动子驱动GFP表达的组织特征及对生长素和赤霉素的反应

将拟南芥中转录因子基因NACl上游调控区1kb克隆到pRD420质粒，构建由NACl启动子驱动绿色荧光蛋白基因（GFP）表达的植物表达载体，并以此载体转化烟草，对阳性转基因植株研究表明，GFP在根部有较高水平的表达．进一步用生长素、生长素拮抗剂NPA和赤霉素处理，荧光强度的变化表明：该调控区受生长素作用的同时也受赤霉素诱导．初步说明NACl基因不仅是一个生长素反应基因，同时可能也是一个赤霉素反应基因．     

人NOD8基因启动子绿色荧光蛋白表达载体的构建与鉴定

目的:构建人NOD8基因启动子的绿色荧光蛋白表达载体.方法:用特定的限制性内切酶位点,以人基因组DNA为模板,PCR扩增含有人NOD8基因启动子不同长度2段序列,并进行酶切以切除启动子的pEGFP-C2作框架结构,插入表达载体pEGFP-C2中,构建含有人NOD8基因启动子驱动的绿色荧光蛋白载体pEGFP-C2-NOD8(520 bp)、pEGFP-C2-NOD8(760 bp),用Vsp Ⅰ和Nhe Ⅰ双酶切和PCR鉴定重组质粒,再将重组质粒进行DNA序列分析.构建的重组质粒经脂质体(lipofectamine)TM2000介导转染HEK293、K562和HeLa细胞,转染48 h后在倒置荧光显微镜下观察.结果:pEGFP-C2-NOD8(520 bp)、pEGFP-C2-NOD8(760 bp)分别经酶切鉴定和序列测定证实目的基因已插入重组质粒;细胞转染结果表明,构建的2段重组质粒转染HEK293、K562及HeLa细胞均能表达绿色荧光,其中构建的pEGFP-C2-NOD8(760 bp)重组质粒绿色荧光表达强于pEGFP-C2-NOD8(520 bp).结论:成功构建2段不同长度的人NOD8基因启动子绿色荧光蛋白表达载体.     

人RIP2基因启动子绿色荧光蛋白表达载体的构建与鉴定

目的:构建人RIP2基因启动子的绿色荧光蛋白表达载体。方法:根据特定限制性内切酶位点,以人基因组DNA为模板,PCR扩增含人RIP2基因启动子不同长度2段序列,构建含人RIP2基因启动子驱动的绿色荧光蛋白载体pEGFP-C2-RIP2(750 bp)wt、pEGFP-C2-RIP2(941 bp)wt,用VspⅠ和NheⅠ双酶切鉴定重组质粒,进行DNA序列分析,重组质粒经阳离子聚合物JetPeiTM介导转染HEK293细胞48 h后观察。结果:酶切鉴定和序列测定证实目的基因已插入重组质粒;细胞转染结果表明,重组质粒转染HEK293细胞均能表达绿色荧光,其中构建的pEGFP-C2-RIP2(750 bp)wt重组质粒绿色荧光表达强于pEGFP-C2-RIP2(941 bp)wt。结论:成功构建2段不同长度的人RIP2基因启动子绿色荧光蛋白表达载体。     

NAC1启动子驱动GFP表达的组织特征及对生长素和赤霉素的反应

将拟南芥中转录因子基因NAC1上游调控区1kb克隆到pRD420质粒，构建由NAC1启动子驱动绿色荧光蛋白基因（GFP）表达的植物表达载体，并以此载体转化烟草，对阳性转基因植株研究表明，GFP在根部有较高水平的表达.进一步用生长素、生长素拮抗剂NPA和赤霉素处理，荧光强度的变化表明：该调控区受生长素作用的同时也受赤霉素诱导.初步说明NAC1基因不仅是一个生长素反应基因，同时可能也是一个赤霉素反应基因.     

pEGFP-Egr-1表达质粒构建及其表达抑制HepG2细胞增殖

将RT-PCR扩增的Egr-1基因连接到pMD-18载体上并测序鉴定,经测序正确的Egr-1基因亚克隆到绿色荧光蛋白真核表达载体pEGFP-C1上构建成重组质粒pEGFP-Egr-1.重组质粒pEGFP-Egr-1转染HepG2细胞后,运用荧光显微镜及荧光定量PCR技术分析其在HepG2细胞中的表达情况,并进一步运用WST-1法分析其表达对HepG2细胞增殖的影响.结果显示,重组质粒pEGFP-Egr-1构建正确,转染后在荧光显微镜下观察可见HepG2细胞发出绿色荧光信号,荧光定量PCR分析发现转染后HepG2细胞Egr-1基因mRNA水平明显升高.WST-1结果表明,与对照组相比,转染pEGFP-Egr-1质粒的HepG2细胞,其增殖速率明显下降.上述结果表明,pEGFP-Egr-1重组质粒构建成功,外来过表达Egr-1基因能够抑制HepG2细胞增殖.     

早期肺癌病人血液中P53的克隆及其pEGFP-N1-p53的构建

首先用RT-PCR方法从早期肺癌病人的外周血中克隆出人抗癌基因p53,经测序确认为野生型后,通过酶切、连接、转化构建出扩增质粒pMD18-T-p53,然后构建出含增强型绿色荧光蛋白(EGFP)基因的真核表达质粒pEGFP-N1-p53.pEGFP-N1-P53经限制性内切酶Hind Ⅲ和BamH Ⅰ酶切,酶切产物电泳结...     

绿色荧光蛋白基因在烟草植株中的表达

用冻融法将含有绿色荧光蛋白基因的质粒ｐＧＬ２－ＧＳ导入农杆菌菌株ＬＢＡ４４０４（ｐＴＯＫ２３３），两个质粒发生同源重组，形成一个元载体ｐＴＯＫ２３３－ＧＳ，农杆菌菌株ＬＢＡ４４０２４（ｐＴＯＫ２３３－ＧＳ）经叶盘法转化烟草，筛选具有卡霉素抗性的愈伤组织，诱导成苗、ＰＣＲ扩增发现，绿色荧光蛋白基因在９０％的再生存在，在荧光显微镜下，使用蓝色激发光观察再生植株的徒手切片和压片发现，８０％以上的再生植株     

转MT工程菌的构建及其对重金属的抗性研究

利用重叠延伸PCR技术克隆金属硫蛋白(MT)和绿色荧光蛋白(GFP)基因片段,并将两基因融合连接构建重组表达载体,采用氯化锂法转化毕赤酵母,获得工程菌株.荧光显微镜观察发现,工程菌在蓝光激发下发出绿色荧光,说明GFP基因被正确表达.在培养基中加入一定浓度的铜(1.0 mmol/L,1.5 mmol/L)、铬(150 μmol/L,200 μmol/L)、镉(120 μmol/L,140 μmol/L)、砷(40 μmol/L,60 μmol/L)化合物后,对照菌生长抑制,转基因菌株长势明显好于对照菌,表现出对金属离子的耐受性,说明工程菌过表达MT能够增强宿主对重金属离子的耐受性,提高菌株耐污能力,在微生物法净化重金属废水中具有一定优势.     

Cloning of theAspergillus awamori glucoamylase gene and expression inSaccharomyces cerevisiae

The A. awamori glucoamylase I gene was obtained by RT_PCR and inserted into the plasmid pAC1. We constructed an expression vector pAC1_GA, which was used to transform the yeast S. cerevisiae AS 2 1364 without auxotrophic marker. The transformant secreted glucoamylase into the medium efficiently and degraded starch. The glucoamylase activity of the culture filtrate is up to 8 4 U/mL.     

Construction of transposon-mediated baculovirus vector and expression of green fluorescent protein in insect cells and larvae

A transposon-shuttle vector Hanpvid was constructed by using wild-type genomic DNA fromHeliothis armigera nuclear polyhedrosis virus (HaNPV). It could replicate inE. coli cells as a large plasmid and remain infectious when being induced into insect cells. Hanpvid comprises HaNPV DNA and a transposon cassette which includes a miniF replicon, a kanamycin resistance gene (kan), lacZa and an attachment site for Tn7 (attTn7). Recombinant virus rHa-FaGP was obtained after transposition of a donor plasmid carrying green fluorescent protein gene (gfp) and polyhedrin gene (ocu) into attTn7. SDS-PAGE analysis shows that both gfp and ocu genes were highly expressed inHeliothis armigera cells. Green Hemolymphocytes can be seen under a fluorescent microscope 4 d after recombinant virus rHa-FaGP infected the third-instar larvae. The infected larvae show strong green fluorescence 6 d post infection.     

pEGFP-C1-MCH真核表达载体的构建及其在HEK293 细胞系中的表达

目的:构建pEGFP-C1-MCH真核表达载体,并将其转染入HEK293细胞中,筛选阳性细胞克隆,为研究MCH基因在能量代谢中的功能及机制提供细胞模型.方法:提取脑组织总RNA,反转录为cDNA,参照Genbank中提供的序列设计引物扩增MCH基因全长.再将该基因全长cDNA克隆至质粒pEGFP-C1,经菌落PCR筛选及双酶切和DNA测序鉴定,成功构建了含有目的基因MCH的重组质粒pEGFP-C1-MCH.并利用脂质体2000介导其转染HEK293细胞,用荧光显微镜和RT-PCR检测EGFP和MCH在细胞中的表达.结果:克隆的pEGFP-C1-MCH质粒序列中的MCH与Gen Bank相符;细胞转染72 h后,转染成功的细胞在荧光显微镜下表达较强的绿色荧光,MCH基因稳定表达.结论:pEGFP-C1-MCH真核表达载体的构建及其在HEK293细胞中的稳定表达,为研究MCH基因在能量代谢中的功能及作用机制提供了实验模型.     

含增强型绿色荧光蛋白(EGFP)基因的家蚕同源重组质粒载体的构建

以含家蚕丝心蛋白重链基因同源片段的质粒pG350为出发质粒，插入增强型绿色荧光蛋白（EGFP）基因，构建成以EGFP为报告基因的同源重组质粒载体pMD-Fib-IE-EGFP，通过PCR及酶切鉴定表明EGFP以正确的方式插入到原始质粒中，通过脂质体介导法转染胃癌细胞能发出很强的绿色荧光，表明该质粒能够在真核细胞中表达，为进一步建立完善的家蚕转基因系统平台提供基因材料。     

Structural insights into yeast septin organization from polarized fluorescence microscopy

Septins are polymerizing GTPases that function in cortical organization and cell division. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae they localize at the isthmus between the mother and the daughter cells, where they undergo a transition from a non-dynamic hourglass-shaped assembly to two separate rings, at the onset of cytokinesis. Septins form filaments as pure protein and in vivo, but the filament organization within the hourglass and ring structures is controversial. Here, we use polarized fluorescence microscopy of orientationally constrained green fluorescent protein to determine septin filament organization and dynamics in living yeast. We found that the hourglass is made of filaments aligned along the yeast bud neck. During the transition from hourglass to rings the filaments rotate through 90 degrees in the membrane plane and become circumferential. These data resolve a long-standing controversy in the field and provide strong evidence that septins have a mechanical function in cell division.     

The Cdt1 protein is required to license DNA for replication in fission yeast

To maintain genome stability in eukaryotic cells, DNA is licensed for replication only after the cell has completed mitosis, ensuring that DNA synthesis (S phase) occurs once every cell cycle. This licensing control is thought to require the protein Cdc6 (Cdc18 in fission yeast) as a mediator for association of minichromosome maintenance (MCM) proteins with chromatin. The control is overridden in fission yeast by overexpressing Cdc18 (ref. 11) which leads to continued DNA synthesis in the absence of mitosis. Other factors acting in this control have been postulated and we have used a re-replication assay to identify Cdt1 (ref. 14) as one such factor. Cdt1 cooperates with Cdc18 to promote DNA replication, interacts with Cdc18, is located in the nucleus, and its concentration peaks as cells finish mitosis and proceed to S phase. Both Cdc18 and Cdt1 are required to load the MCM protein Cdc21 onto chromatin at the end of mitosis and this is necessary to initiate DNA replication. Genes related to Cdt1 have been found in Metazoa and plants (A. Whitaker, I. Roysman and T. Orr-Weaver, personal communication), suggesting that the cooperation of Cdc6/Cdc18 with Cdt1 to load MCM proteins onto chromatin may be a generally conserved feature of DNA licensing in eukaryotes.     

光强对雨生红球藻生长的影响

采用BG11培养基,设置日光、500、1 000、2 000、2 500、3 000、4 000 lx的光照强度梯度,用分光光度法测定各组培养液叶绿素a的含量,研究光照强度对雨生红球藻生长速率的影响.结果表明,2 500 lx为雨生红球藻株的最适光照强度,其叶绿素含量随培养时间延长而增长,第8 d其叶绿素a含量达到最大值,之后呈现下降趋势.     

自噬检测质粒pLVX-mRFP-EGFP-LC3的构建和表达鉴定

细胞自噬的机体重要的一种代谢过程,为了更好地研究不同条件下细胞自噬的水平,构建自噬检测质粒pLVX-mRFP-EGFP-LC3。使用Trizol法提取Hela细胞总RNA,PCR技术特异性扩增LC3基因,将目的片段插入pEGFP-N3载体中。再将mRFP片段插入到EGFP-LC3质粒中,利用PCR技术扩增带有不同酶切位点的mRFP-EGFP-LC3片段,插入到慢病毒载体pLVX-puro中。通过Fugene~?6将质粒瞬时转染到293T细胞中,使用荧光显微镜检测荧光蛋白的表达,使用Western blotting检测目的基因的表达。结果显示成功构建自噬检测质粒pLVX-mRFP-EGFP-LC3,荧光显微镜下可见红色和绿色荧光,Western blotting方法检测到LC3的表达。     

烟草新驱动蛋白NtTKR过表达对酵母生长的影响

为了解烟草新驱动蛋白NtTKR功能信息,构建了EGFP融合的NtTKR基因酵母表达载体并转入酿酒酵母W303诱导表达,荧光显微镜观察结果表明,诱导条件下的转化细胞发出明亮的绿色荧光,表明转入的NtTKR得到了高效表达.转化株在诱导和非诱导条件下培养3d,可见NtTKR过表达菌落比对照小的多;但通过绘制8h内生长曲线发现二者细胞数目无显著差别;表明NtTKR过表达对酵母细胞生长的抑制可能更多的是因为抑制其体积增大,而非分裂速度减慢引起的细胞数目降低.已知NtTKR在烟草受精卵、发育各个时期的胚、幼叶、根尖及茎尖等细胞分裂旺盛部位均优势表达,推测该基因在烟草中可能与上述各部位新生细胞的体积增大相关.