高温对高强度水泥砂浆强度影响的试验研究

对高强度等级水泥砂浆在经历不同温度（150℃、300℃、450℃、600℃）、不同冷却方式（喷水与自然冷却）后的力学性能进行了试验,研究了高温对高强度水泥砂浆力学性能的影响规律。结果表明：高强度等级水泥砂浆抗压强度随受热温度的升高而逐渐降低,当温度在300℃以下时,强度下降较静;温度在450℃以上时,强度下降明显。冷却方式对砂浆抗压强度退化影响较为明显,相同受火温度,喷水冷却后的砂浆强度低于自然冷却后的砂浆强度。并得出不同冷却方式、不同强度等级水泥砂浆高温后抗压强度退化的公式。     

地聚物砂浆的力学性能与孔结构分形特征分析

为探讨矿渣粉改性粉煤灰地聚物砂浆在不同温度下的强度变化规律及改善机理,进行了不同矿渣粉掺量的粉煤灰地聚物在多种温度下的力学性能试验,并分析了其微观形貌及孔结构特征。结果表明:粉煤灰基地聚物在室温固化时的抗压强度和抗弯强度均较小,掺入矿渣粉或高温固化都可以改善粉煤灰地聚物的力学性能,但高温固化导致后期抗压强度变化变缓;当不掺矿渣粉时,地聚物砂浆的流动度为232 mm,但凝结时间超过8 h;随着矿渣粉掺量的增加,地聚物的流动度逐渐降低,凝结时间也变短;高温固化和掺入矿渣粉都可以显著减小粉煤灰地聚物材料的孔隙率;室温固化时,地聚物砂浆中含有大量宏观孔隙,并且粉煤灰地聚物砂浆中基本不存在胶凝孔隙;高温固化后,粉煤灰地聚物砂浆中以毛细孔隙体积占比最大,而改性砂浆则以胶凝孔隙和过渡孔隙的居多;从试件内部的微观形貌图可见,掺入矿渣粉后地聚物砂浆变得更加致密;基于热力学关系的分形模型可以在压汞法测量的孔径范围内很好地描述地聚物砂浆孔结构的分形维数,其次为孔轴线模型;地聚物砂浆孔结构的分形维数大于2.0,在粉煤灰地聚物中掺入矿渣粉可以改善地聚物的孔隙结构,提升固化温度则使得地聚物的孔隙结构变得复杂。     

粘土空心砖和实心砖的高温力学性能对比试验研究

本文利用WAW-1000高温微机万能试验机、箱式电阻炉和温控仪对KP1型承重粘土空心砖和普通粘土实心砖在高温下（500℃、600℃、700℃、800℃、900℃、1000℃）进行抗压力学性能试验,得出粘土空心砖和实心砖在各个温度下的抗压强度以及抗压强度折减系数。研究表明：空心砖的抗压强度及高温下随温度的升高抗压强度下降强度和实心砖基本一致。空心砖的初裂荷载与极限荷载的比值比较大,表明空心砖在受压时初裂缝出现较晚。粘土空心砖是当前大力发展的一种新型墙体材料,与实心砖相比具有很大的优越性,对比研究这两种建材在高温下的力学性能对于建筑防火安全设计具有重要意义。     

玄武岩织物增强碱激发砂浆高温后抗弯力学性能

对高温处理后的玄武岩织物增强碱激发矿渣粉煤灰砂浆试件进行了三点弯曲试验,并探讨了环氧涂层、基体类型、织物层数对玄武岩织物增强试件耐高温性能的影响.试验结果表明:随着温度升高,由于基体和玄武岩纤维的劣化,玄武岩织物增强碱激发矿渣粉煤灰砂浆试件抗弯承载力近乎呈线性下降,并且破坏模式由多重开裂转变为单一裂缝破坏;经800℃高温处理1 h后,试件的残留抗弯强度仅为1.67 MPa.改性环氧树脂浸渍在600℃以下对抗弯强度有增强作用,超过600℃时,随着环氧树脂的挥发和界面黏结性能下降,环氧浸渍试件的抗弯强度会大幅下降.相比玄武岩织物增强硅酸盐水泥砂浆试件,碱激发砂浆试件表现出更好的耐高温性能,在400℃及以上高温情况下,抗弯强度的降幅更小.织物层数在一定程度上能提高试件高温后的力学性能,但提高作用随温度升高逐渐减弱,当温度到600℃时,增加织物层数对涂覆处理后试件的抗弯承载力几乎没有影响.     

薄毡叠层炭/炭复合材料的高温导热性能

对薄毡叠层结构的炭纤维预制体采用化学气相沉积（CVD）和沥青浸渍增密工艺,制备具有粗糙层热解炭结构和光滑层热解炭与沥青炭复合结构的2种炭／炭复合材料;用JR-3型热物性测试仪测试垂直炭纤维叠层方向室温至800℃的导热性能,并对其导热机制进行分析。研究结果表明：具有粗糙层热解炭结构的样件A的导热系数随温度升高先下降,在400℃后导热系数变化平缓;具有光滑层热解炭及少量沥青炭结构的样件B的导热系数随温度升高先上升,在300℃后导热系数变化平缓;样件A较样件B的导热系数高。2种炭／炭复合材料的导热机理主要由声子导热决定,不同基体炭结构使得2种声子散射机理对导热性能的贡献不一样,粗糙层热解炭结构的样件A的高温导热性能主要由声子间散射路程和比热容的综合作用所决定;光滑层热解炭和少量沥青炭复合结构的样件B的高温导热性能主要由结构不均匀引起的卢子散射和比热容的共同作用所决定。     

高温状态下石灰岩力学性能实验研究

为了研究高温状态下石灰岩力学性能,采用液压伺服刚性岩石力学实验系统对常温～800℃高温作用下石灰岩的力学性能进行了实验研究,分析了石灰岩应力应变曲线、峰值应力、峰值应变、弹性模量等的变化情况。研究结果表明:在600℃以内的高温下,温度对石灰岩的力学特性的影响不明显。但在600℃以后,随受热温度升高石灰岩力学性能迅速劣化,峰值应力和弹性模量急剧降低,而峰值应变迅速增长。800℃时已形成缓和的应力-应变全过程曲线,表现出软化现象。     

HTRB600级高强钢筋高温下的力学性能

为研究600 MPa级高强钢筋高温下的力学性能,对HTRB600级热处理高强钢筋进行高温下的拉伸试验,分别测得其在20,200,300,400,500,600,700及800℃高温下的弹性模量、比例极限、屈服强度、极限强度及应力-应变曲线.试验结果表明:HTRB600级高强钢筋高温下屈服强度、极限强度、比例极限与弹性模量均随着温度的升高而显著降低.500℃时其高温下的弹性模量、比例极限、屈服强度与极限强度降低为不足常温下的50%,800℃时已不足常温下的10%.高温下HTRB600级高强钢筋应力-应变曲线随温度的升高逐渐趋于圆滑,当温度达到200℃时,屈服台阶就已消失.600 MPa级钢筋高温下屈服强度和极限强度的降低程度明显大于其他钢筋500 MPa以下强度的钢筋.最后提出了适用于HTRB600级高强钢筋的高温下应力-应变曲线简化计算模型.     

混凝土再生胶凝材料的活性试验研究

废弃混凝土再生胶凝材料的活性较低。为了提高再生胶凝材料的活性,通过改变熟料掺量、废弃混凝土再生粉煅烧温度、Mg O掺量及水灰比成型胶砂试件,探究各组分掺量对砂浆力学性能的影响,并采用吸水动力学法测定砂浆的孔结构参数(质量吸水率、孔均匀系数、平均孔径),同时测定砂浆高温后的力学性能。结果表明:降低水灰比(0.50至0.35)、降低熟料及Mg O掺量或将废弃混凝土再生粉煅烧控制在600℃左右均有利于提高砂浆抗折/抗压强度,同时达到细化砂浆孔结构的目的。在砂浆中增加熟料掺量(33%)、降低水灰比(0.50至0.35)、掺入少量(2%)Mg O及将废弃混凝土再生粉煅烧温度控制在600℃左右均有利于提高砂浆高温性能。因此,减少熟料掺量、降低水灰比及调控废弃混凝土再生粉煅烧温度能够提高废弃混凝土再生胶凝材料的活性。     

钢筋RPC梁高温全过程抗弯性能试验研究

采用多功能高温试验炉对4根尺寸相对较大的钢筋活性粉末混凝土（RPC）梁和1根普通钢筋混凝土（NC）梁开展了恒载作用下的高温试验与高温后的抗弯试验，以期为钢筋RPC梁抗火性能评估提供依据. 试验获取了试件在高温下跨中截面的温度场、挠度发展数据，分析了控制温度和外包砂浆层对钢筋RPC梁高温下以及高温后抗弯性能的影响. 结果表明，混合掺入体积分数为2%的钢纤维与0.3%的聚丙烯纤维，有效抑制了RPC梁的高温爆裂现象；控制温度对RPC梁的高温挠度发展及高温后的剩余抗弯性能有重要影响，在经历600 ℃和800 ℃高温作用后，RPC梁的剩余抗弯承载力分别下降了13%和24%；外包砂浆层有效减少了RPC梁的高温损伤，并显著改善了构件高温后的剩余抗弯性能；相比于普通混凝土梁，高温作用后的RPC梁的力学性能稳定性及安全性相对较高；基于截面等效温度，提出了RPC梁高温后的抗弯力学性能预测公式.     

低掺量粉煤灰基地聚物胶凝材料性能试验研究

为了研究粉煤灰基地聚物胶凝材料的组成对其性能的影响,对C类粉煤灰分别掺入少量（质量分数小于17%）偏高岭土和矿渣粉后,进行了两种地聚物胶砂试块的力学性能试验研究,并与相同配比、相同制作养护条件下的普通硅酸盐水泥胶砂试块进行了比较.试验结果表明：纯粉煤灰（C类）地聚物胶凝材料强度低于P.O 42.5水泥;当外掺料质量分数大于17%时,粉煤灰基地聚物胶凝材料强度超过同龄期（14 d）的水泥;掺入矿渣粉的粉煤灰基地聚物抗压强度高于掺入等量偏高岭土的粉煤灰基地聚物.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.